Pseudomonas savastanoi
Twig of olive-tree with a tumour caused by Pseudomonas savastanoi
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Bacteria
Phylum: Pseudomonadota
Class: Gammaproteobacteria
Order: Pseudomonadales
Family: Pseudomonadaceae
Genus: Pseudomonas
Species:
P. savastanoi
Binomial name
Pseudomonas savastanoi
(Janse 1982)
Gardan, et al. 1992
Type strain
ATCC 13522

CFBP 1670
CIP 103721
ICMP 4352
LMG 2209
NCPPB 639

Pathovars

P. s. pv. fraxini
P. s. pv. nerii
P. s. pv. oleae Janse[1]
P. s. pv. phaseolicola
P. s. pv. savastanoi (Smith) Janse[1]

Synonyms

Pseudomonas syringae pv. savastanoi (Smith 1908) Young et al. 1978
Pseudomonas syringae subsp. savastanoi (ex Smith 1908) Janse 1982 Pseudomonas medicaginis Burkholder 1926
Pseudomonas tonelliana (Ferraris 1926) Burkholder 1948
Pseudomonas oleae (Arcangeli) Duggar 1909
Agrobacterium savastanoi (Smith) Starr and Weiss 1943
Agrobacterium tonellianum (Ferraris) Starr and Weiss 1943
Bacterium savastanoi E.F. Smith 1908
Bacterium tonellianum Ferraris 1926
Phytomonas savastanoi (Smith) Bergey et al. 1923
Phytomonas tonelliana (Ferraris) Adam and Pugsley 1934
Pseudomonas syringae subsp. savastanoi pv. oleae Janse 1981
Pseudomonas savastanoi Smith and Petri 1908

Pseudomonas savastanoi is a gram-negative plant pathogenic bacterium that infects a variety of plants. It was once considered a pathovar of Pseudomonas syringae, but following DNA-relatedness studies, it was instated as a new species.[2] It is named after Savastano, a worker who proved between 1887 and 1898 that olive knot are caused by bacteria.[3][4]

The pathovar of greatest economical significance is Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi, which causes the disease olive knot.[1] Symptoms include formation of galls on infected trees; tumour formation is induced by indoleacetic acid biosynthesis by the bacteria, in a similar manner to the well-studied crown gall pathogen, Agrobacterium tumefaciens.[5][6]

History

One of the first scientists to carry out scientific and modern research on the disease of olive trees caused by Pseudomonas savastanoi (Italian: la rogna dell'ulivo) was Giuseppe Maria Giovene (1753-1837), who explained his conclusions in his publication Sulla rogna degli ulivi (1789).[7]

Pathovars

  • Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. fraxini causes ash canker.[8]
  • Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. nerii attacks oleander.[8]
  • Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi causes olive knot.[5][1]
  • Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. phaseolicola attacks Phaseolus (bean) plants [9]

Quorum sensing

P. s. pv. s. has an unusual quorum sensing dynamic: It shares quorum with an entirely different order, the Enterobacterales.[10] Hosni et al., 2011 and Caballo-Ponce et al., 2018 find P. s. pv. s. produces very similar N-Acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) to the Erwiniaceae Erwinia toletana and Pantoea agglomerans.[10] Hosni find an avirulent mutant – defective for AHL production – is restored to virulence by the presence of E. toletana and P. agglomerans.[10] These results demonstrate disease enhancing cooperation but also reveal a possible way that undiscovered cheating may be occurring.[10]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi (PSDMSA)[Overview]". Global Database. EPPO (European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization). 2002-02-03. Retrieved 2022-03-22.
  2. ↑ Gardan; Shafik, H; Belouin, S; Broch, R; Grimont, F; Grimont, PA; et al. (Apr 1999). "DNA relatedness among the pathovars of Pseudomonas syringae and description of Pseudomonas tremae sp. nov. and Pseudomonas cannabina sp. nov. (ex Sutic and Dowson 1959)". Int J Syst Bacteriol. 49 (2): 469–78. doi:10.1099/00207713-49-2-469. PMID 10319466.
  3. ↑ George M. Garrity: Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. 2. Auflage. Springer, New York, 2005, Volume 2: The Proteobacteria, Part B: The Gammaproteobacteria
  4. ↑ Joseph M. Ogawa, Harley English: Diseases of temperate zone tree fruit and nut crops
  5. 1 2 Hosni T, et al. 2011. Sharing of quorum-sensing signals and role of interspecies communities in a bacterial plant disease. ISME J. doi:10.1038/ismej.2011.65.
  6. ↑ Yamada, T; Lee, PD; Kosuge, T (1986). "Insertion sequence elements of Pseudomonas savastanoi: Nucleotide sequence and homology with Agrobacterium tumefaciens transfer DNA". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 83 (21): 8263–7. Bibcode:1986PNAS...83.8263Y. doi:10.1073/pnas.83.21.8263. PMC 386908. PMID 16593778.
  7. ↑ Giovene, Giuseppe Maria (1789). Memoria sulla rogna degli ulivi del canonico d. Giuseppe Maria Giovene. per Vincenzo Flauto. p. 1.
  8. 1 2 Smith, Dunez, Lelliot, Phillips and Archer (1988) European Handbook of Plant Disease. Blackwell Scientific Publications.
  9. ↑ B. P Borowicz, A Maćkowiak, H Pospieszny (2002) Improved identification of Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. phaseolicola at the molecular level. EPPO Bulletin 32 (3), 467–469.
  10. 1 2 3 4 Friesen, Maren L. (2020-08-25). "Social Evolution and Cheating in Plant Pathogens". Annual Review of Phytopathology. Annual Reviews. 58 (1): 55–75. doi:10.1146/annurev-phyto-010820-012740. ISSN 0066-4286.


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