Dr. Rajkumar in 1961

Singanalluru Puttaswamaiah Muthuraj (24 April 1929 – 12 April 2006),[1] better known by his stage name Dr. Rajkumar, was an Indian actor, singer and producer who worked in Kannada cinema. Through his over five-decade long career of over 200 films, he was regarded one of the most pivotal and influential figures of the Kannada film industry. His films were praised for acting as a bridge between the popular and art films because of the theme of the story and their treatment.[2] He debuted as a child actor in the 1942 Kannada film Bhakta Prahlada. His first role as an adult came in Sri Srinivasa Kalyana (1952) and as a lead, two years later, in Bedara Kannappa, which gave him stardom. He debuted as a singer with the track Om Namaha Shivaya from the 1956 film Ohileshwara. In 1960, he made his debut as a producer by producing Ranadheera Kanteerava.[3] According to Ashish Rajadhyaksha and Paul Willemen in the book Encyclopedia of Indian Cinema, Ranadheera Kanteerava was the first "big hit" in Kannada cinema.[4] In a film career spanning fifty years, Rajkumar received eleven Karnataka State Film Awards, including nine Best Actor and two Best Singer awards, eight Filmfare Awards South, and one National Film Award.[5] Along with Vishnuvardhan and Ambareesh, he is counted in Kannada cinema's "triumvirate" as its most celebrated actor.[6]

In 1983, Rajkumar was honoured with the Padma Bhushan, India's third highest civilian award, for his contributions to Indian cinema, and the Dadasaheb Phalke Award in 1995. In 1985, he became the first Indian actor to receive the Kentucky Colonel, an honorary order from the governor of Kentucky, United States.[7] On the occasion of the "Centenary of Indian Cinema" in April 2013, Forbes included his performance in Bangaarada Manushya on its list of "25 Greatest Acting Performances of Indian Cinema".[8] Upon his death, The New York Times had described him as one of India's most popular movie stars.[9] He received the NTR National Award in 2002 and was awarded an honorary doctorate from the University of Mysore.[10] Dr. Rajkumar Samagra Charithre - a two-volume book by film critic D. Rukkoji on the life and achievements of Rajkumar won the Swarna Kamal Award at the 63rd National Film Awards under the National Film Award for Best Book on Cinema category.[11] On the occasion of Rajkumar's 100th film Government of Karnataka honored him with the title of Nata Saarvabhouma.[12] He is also the first film star to win the National Film Award for Best Male Playback Singer for the song Naadamaya Ee Lokavella from the film Jeevana Chaitra.[13] The State Government established Dr. Rajkumar Award in 1993–94 to be given for lifetime achievement towards contributions to Kannada cinema.[2]

Dr. Rajkumar's 1972 film Bangaarada Manushya was the longest running South Indian film at the time of its release.[14] The film elevated him from being just another very popular actor to nearly demigod status among the masses.[10] His 1986 film Anuraga Aralithu was the first Indian film to be remade in seven other languages.[15] His 1973 film Gandhada Gudi was reported to be the first Indian film to be made on the concept of protection of forest and wildlife conservation with a focus on the need to preserve the flora and fauna at a time when the CITES treaty was signed with an aim to reduce the economic incentive to poach endangered species.[16] The British daily newspaper The Guardian praised him for his subtle acting and described him as a humble, modest being who was a symbol of Kannada consciousness.[17] ABC News acknowledged him as one of the greatest actors of his time and called him The Gentle Giant of Karnataka.[18] In 2016, the Maharashtra State Government had prescribed the biography of the actor for its class VIII students detailing his achievements and contributions to the Kannada culture under the title Natasarvabhouma.[19] In 1989, the critical failure of Parashuram led him to take a hiatus from acting. However, he returned to acting three years later, in 1992 with Jeevana Chaitra, which was a blockbuster running for more than a year in theatres.[20] His final film was 2000's Shabdavedhi.[21][22] He had a minimum of ten releases in each of the years from 1963 to 1971. He held the record for highest releases as a lead in a single year (16 in 1968) in Kannada movies for 24 years until it was broken by Malashri in 1992 with 19 releases.[23] His 39 movies have been remade 62 times in 9 languages[24] by 34 actors [25] making him the first actor whose movies were remade more than fifty times[26] and the first actor whose movies were remade in nine languages.[27]

Filmography

Year Film Role Notes

Ref.

1942 Bhakta PrahladaSchool childChild Artist[1]
1952 Sri Srinivasa KalyanaAgastya MaharshiCameo[1]
1954 Bedara KannappaKannappa/Dinna/Manimantha [lower-alpha 1][28]
1954 Kalahasti MahatyamThinnayya / Kannappa [lower-alpha 2]Telugu film[29]
1955 SodariKailasanatha
1956 Bhakta VijayaSanthoba Pavar
1956 Hari BhaktaHari / Pundarika(Pundaleeka) [lower-alpha 2]
1956 OhileshwaraOhila
1957 Sati NalaayiniKaushikha
1957 Rayara SoseDr. Govind Rao
1958 BhookailasaRavana[30]
1958 Shree Krishna GaarudiArjuna
1958 Anna ThangiMallanna
1959 Jagajyothi BasveshwaraKing Bijjala
1959 Dharma VijayaSaradara Vijaya
1959 Mahishasura MardiniMahishasura[31]
1959 Abba Aa HudugiSureshExtended Cameo[32]
1960 Ranadheera KanteeravaKanthirava Narasaraja I[33]
1960 Rani HonnammaVeeranayaka
1960 Aasha SundariGunasheela
1960 DashavatharaVijaya / Hiranyakashipu / Shishupala / Ravana [lower-alpha 3]
1960 Bhakta KanakadasaKanaka Dasa/Thimmanayaka [lower-alpha 2][34]
1961 Sri Shaila MahathmeChandragupta
1961 Kittur ChennammaRaja Mallasaraja[35]
1961 Kantheredu NoduGopi
1961 Kaiwara MahathmeNarayanappa
1961 Bhakta ChetaCheta
1961 NagarjunaNagarjuna
1962 Gaali GopuraKrishna
1962 BhoodaanaDasanna[36]
1962 Swarna GowriKalinga/Chandrashekhara [lower-alpha 2]
1962 DevasundariGandharva Shankhapala
1962 Karuneye Kutumbada KannuKumar[37]
1962 Mahathma KabirKabir Das[34]
1962 VidhivilasaMadhava Simha
1962 ThejaswiniShivappa Nayaka
1963 ValmikiRaksha/ Valmiki [lower-alpha 2]
1963 Saaku MagaluRaghuram
1963 Nanda DeepaShankar
1963 KanyarathnaRaju
1963 GowriRamaiah
1963 Jeevana TharangaKumar
1963 Malli MaduveAnanda / Paramananda [lower-alpha 4]
1963 KulavadhuSuryanarayana "Soori"[37]
1963 Kalitharu HenneChandrayya
1963 Sathi ShakthiVirupaksha / Rakthaksha [lower-alpha 4]
1963 VeerakesariNarasimhanayaka[38]
1963 Mana Mecchida MadadiSrinath
1963 Chandra KumaraPrachanda
1963 Santha ThukaramTukaram
1963 Sri Ramanjaneya YuddhaRama
1964 Navakoti NarayanaPurandara Dasa/Srinivasanayaka [lower-alpha 2][34]
1964 Chandavalliya ThotaHanumanna[37]
1964 Shivarathri MahathmeVijaya
1964 AnnapoornaKrishna
1964 Tumbida KodaRamachandra
1964 Shivagange MahathmeAshoka
1964 Muriyada ManeChennegowda[34]
1964 PrathigneDr. Shankar
1964 NaandiMurthy[35]
1965 Naga PoojaNagakumara
1965 ChandrahasaChandrahasa
1965 Sarvagna MurthySarvajna
1965 VaatsalyaRajashekhar "Raju"
1965 Satya HarishchandraVeeradasu/Harishchandra [lower-alpha 2][39]
1965 Mahasathi AnasuyaNarada
1965 Ide MahasudinaDr. Anand
1965 Bettada HuliRaju[34]
1965 Sati SavithriSatyavan
1965 Maduve Madi NoduVasu
1965 PathivrathaGopal
1966 Mantralaya MahatmeVenkatanatha Bhatta/Raghvendra Swamy [lower-alpha 2][34]
1966 Katari VeeraVijaya[34]
1966 Bala NagammaAnandavardhana
1966 ThoogudeepaRamachandra
1966 PremamayiMadhava "Maadhu"
1966 Kilaadi RangaSanjaya / Ranga [lower-alpha 4][40]
1966 MadhumalathiTrivikramasena
1966 Emme ThammannaMurali / Thammanna [lower-alpha 4]
1966 Mohini BhasmasuraBhasmasura
1966 Sri Kannika Parameshwari KatheVishnuvardhana[28]
1966 Sandhya RagaLakshmana[37]
1967 AnuradhaHimselfCameo[41]
1967 Parvathi KalyanaShiva
1967 Sathi SukanyaChyavana Maharshi
1967 Gange GowriShiva
1967 RajashekaraShekharavarma
1967 Lagna PathrikeRaghuram
1967 Rajadurgada RahasyaRamanna Nayaka/ Somanna Nayaka [lower-alpha 4]
1967 Devara Gedda ManavaVijaya
1967 Beedi BasavannaGopal Rao
1967 Manassiddare MaargaRamachandra "Ramu" Rao
1967 Bangarada HoovuAnand
1967 Chakra TheerthaSrinivasa[37]
1967 Immadi PulakeshiPulakeshin II[42]
1968 Jedara BalePrakash (CID 999)[43]
1968 GandhinagaraShekhar/Rao [lower-alpha 4]
1968 Mahasathi ArundathiVasishtha
1968 ManassakshiSomanna
1968 SarvamangalaNataraja
1968 Bhagya DevatheChaduranga
1968 Bangalore MailShyamsundar
1968 Hannele ChiguridagaPrasad[44]
1968 Bhagyada BagiluRaju
1968 Nata SarvabhoumaHimselfDocumentary[45]
1968 Rowdi RangannaRanga
1968 DhoomaketuKumar
1968 AmmaSridhar
1968 SimhaswapnaManohara
1968 Goa Dalli CID 999Prakash (CID 999)[43]
1968 Mannina MagaRaju[34]
1969 MargadarshiSrikaanth[37]
1969 Gandondu HennaruAnand Rao
1969 Mallammana PavadaChandrakantha
1969 Choori ChikkannaChikkanna / Bhaskar [lower-alpha 2]
1969 PunarjanmaChenna
1969 Bhale RajaShivaraj/Raju [lower-alpha 2]
1969 UyyaleKrishnegowda[46]
1969 ChikkammaSundar
1969 Mayor MuthannaMutthanna[34]
1969 Operation Jackpot Nalli C.I.D 999Prakash (CID 999)[43]
1970 Sri KrishnadevarayaKrishnadevaraya[47]
1970 Karulina KareParameshi[42]
1970 Hasiru ThoranaMadhu
1970 Bhoopathi RangaBhaskar / Bhoopathi Ranga [lower-alpha 2]
1970 Mr. RajkumarRaj / Kumar / Farooq Baba [lower-alpha 5]
1970 Bhale JodiRamesh / Suresh [lower-alpha 4]
1970 C.I.D. RajannaCID Rajanna
1970 Nanna ThammaPrasad
1970 Baalu BelagithuShankar / Paapanna [lower-alpha 4]
1970 Devara MakkaluRanga
1970 ParopakariMohan / Ramanna [lower-alpha 4]
1970 Nadina BhagyaBaluExtended cameo
1971 Kasturi NivasaRavi Varma[43]
1971 Baala BandhanaRanga
1971 Kula GouravaRaja Raghunatha Rao / Ravi (Chandrashekharaiah) / Dr. Anand [lower-alpha 6]
1971 Namma SamsaraKrishna
1971 Kasidre KailasaGopinath
1971 Thayi DevaruKrishna
1971 PratidwaniAshok
1971 SakshatkaraMahesh[48]
1971 Nyayave DevaruRaghu
1971 Sri Krishna Rukmini SatyabhamaKrishna
1972 Janma RahasyaKumar
1972 Sipayi RamuRamu / Ram Singh [lower-alpha 2]
1972 Bangaarada ManushyaRajeeva[49]
1972 Hrudaya SangamaRajanna / Kumar [lower-alpha 4]
1972 Kranti VeeraChandrakumara/Vijay
1972 Bhale HuchchaGopi
1972 Nanda GokulaAnand
1972 Jaga Mecchida MagaAaditya
1973 Devaru Kotta ThangiRaghu
1973 BidugadeM. B. Shekhar
1973 SwayamvaraNataraj
1973 Gandhada GudiKumar[43]
1973 Doorada BettaShiva
1973 Mooroovare VajragaluNarada / Krishna [lower-alpha 4]
1974 Bangaarada PanjaraBeera
1974 Eradu KanasuRamachandraraya
1974 Sampathige SavalVeerabhadra[43]
1974 Bhakta KumbaraGora Kumbhar
1974 Sri Srinivasa KalyanaLord Srinivasa
1975 Daari Tappida MagaPrasad / Prakash (Prashanth) [lower-alpha 4][50]
1975 MayuraMayurasharma
1975 TrimurtiSridhar / Vijay / Shekhar / Sheshagiri [lower-alpha 7]
1976 Premada KanikeManohar[51]
1976 Bahaddur GanduPanju
1976 Raja Nanna RajaRaja
1976 Naa Ninna MareyalareAnand
1976 Badavara BandhuRanganatha "Ranga"
1977 BabruvahanaBabruvahana / Arjuna [lower-alpha 4][43]
1977 BhagyavantharuKumar
1977 Giri KanyeChenna
1977 Sanaadi AppannaAppanna
1977 Olavu GeluvuMohan
1978 Shankar GuruRajashekhar (Jayraj) / Shankar / Gurumurthy [lower-alpha 6]
1978 Operation Diamond RacketPrakash (CID 999)[43]
1978 Thayige Thakka MagaKumar
1979 Huliya Haalina MevuChengumani
1979 Nanobba KallaGopi / Chandrasekhar [lower-alpha 4]
1980 RavichandraRavi / Chandra [lower-alpha 4]
1980 Vasanta GeethaVasanth
1981 Haavina HedeMutthanna / Raj [lower-alpha 2]
1981 Nee Nanna GellalareSrikanth
1981 Keralida SimhaShankar
1981 BhagyavanthaUnnamed characterCameo
1982 Hosa BelakuRavi
1982 Haalu JenuRangaswamy
1982 Chalisuva ModagaluMohan[43]
1983 Kaviratna KalidasaKalidasa/ Dushyanta [lower-alpha 8][52]
1983 Kaamana BilluSuryanarayana "Soori"
1983 Bhakta PrahladaHiranyakashipu
1983 Eradu NakshatragaluVijaya
1984 Samayada GombeAnil / Gurumurthy [lower-alpha 2]
1984 Shravana BanthuRaghu/Kumar / Peter [lower-alpha 9][53]
1984 YarivanuBhaskar
1984 Apoorva SangamaSanthosh / Gopi [lower-alpha 2]
1985 Ade KannuJagannatha Rao / Gopi [lower-alpha 4]
1985 JwaalamukhiJayasimha
1985 Dhruva ThareSagar[54]
1986 Bhagyada Lakshmi BarammaPanduranga[54]
1986 Anuraga AralithuShankar[54]
1986 GuriKaliprasad[54]
1987 Ondu Muttina KatheAithu[54]
1987 Shruthi SeridaagaDr. G. N. Murthy[54]
1988 Devatha ManushyaKrishna Murthy[54]
1988 Shiva Mecchida KannappaShivaExtended cameo[54]
1989 ParashuramParashuram[54]
1992 Jeevana ChaitraVishwanathaiah[54]
1993 AakasmikaNarasimha Murthy[54]
1994 OdahuttidavaruRamanna[54]
1994 Gandhada Gudi Part 2KumarCameo[54]
2000 ShabdavedhiSandeep[20]

Discography

Please note that this is a partial discography.

Rajkumar in the studio

Rajkumar has sung approximately 300 songs in movies and an excess of 400 devotional (non-film) songs in Kannada. Rajkumar trained in classical music when he was with Gubbi Veeranna's theatre troupe. The track Om Namaha Shivaya from the 1956 film Ohileshwara, which he also starred in, was his first song for a film. He subsequently sang "Thumbithu Manava", a duet with S. Janaki, for the movie Mahishasura Mardini (1959). However, he became a full-fledged singer only in 1974 when he sang in place of P. B. Sreenivas for Sampathige Savaal, who had till then sung for most songs picturized on Rajkumar, fell ill. Rajkumar sang the energetic Yaare Koogadali for the film which became widely popular during the time and is considered one of his best songs.[55]

Rajkumar has been credited for having sung across various genres and each rendition according to the mood of the scene in the film. In "Yaaru Tiliyaru Ninna" for Babruvahana (1977), a prosodic form of Kannada poetry that required the tone to be a combination of sarcasm and anger, he blended the twin skills of theatrics and music.[20] For Nee Nanna Gellalare (1981), he sang two songs—"Jeeva Hoovagide" and "Anuraga Enaytu"—beginning both with the refrain "I love you", that is full of Carnatic gamakas. After the same tone in the refrain, they take on a life of their own with the form according to love and happiness in the former and love but a discord in the latter. He is known widely for his rendition of "Nadamaya" for Jeevana Chaitra (1992), a song based on the raga of Todi and with complex graces and strings other ragas as it progresses. He switches ragas with ease, and sings complex swara patterns like a professional classical artiste.[3] For the rendition, he was awarded the National Film Award for Best Male Playback Singer.[2]

Film songs sung by Rajkumar
Title Year Song Composer
Vamshi 2008"Thayi thayi"Hamsalekha
Chigurida Kanasu 2003"O Bandhuve"V. Manohar
Abhi 2003"Vidhi Baraha"Gurukiran
Appu 2002"Panavidu", "Aa Devara"Gurukiran
Devara Maga 2000"Manjanthe"Hamsalekha
Hagalu Vesha 2000"Jaggadu"Hamsalekha
Shabdavedhi 2000All songs except Baaro BaaroHamsalekha
Hrudaya Hrudaya 1999"O Premada", "Hogibaa"Hamsalekha
Vishwa 1999"Vishwa Vishwa"Hamsalekha
Janumadatha 1999"Aa Vidhathantha"V Manohar
Gadibidi Krishna 1998"Thamma"Hamsalekha
Kurubana Rani 1998"Thaali"V Manohar
Bhoomi Thayiya Chochchala Maga 1998"Bhoomithayi"V Manohar
Hoomale 1998"Hoomale"Ilaiyaraaja
Jodi Hakki 1997"Hara Hara Gange"V Manohar
Simhada Mari 1997"Manage Ondu"Hamsalekha
Om 1995"O Gulabi", "Hey Dinakara"Hamsalekha
Karulina Kudi 1995"O Malle Hoove"Rajan–Nagendra
Meghamaale 1995"Meghamaale"Hamsalekha
Odahuttidavaru 1994All songs except Bennina and JanaganaUpendra Kumar
Aakasmika 1993All songsHamsalekha
Jeevana Chaitra 1992All songsUpendra Kumar
Hrudaya Haadithu 1991"Naliyuta hrudaya haadanu haadide"Upendra Kumar
Kalyana Mantapa 1991"Ombathu Ombathu"Upendra Kumar
Ashwamedha 1990"Ashwamedha"Sangeetha Raja
Parashuram 1989All songsHamsalekha
Nanjundi Kalyana 1989"Baduke Hasiru"Upendrakumar
Shiva Mecchida Kannappa 1988"Maayeya Thaareyanu", "Ellaru Maduvudu"T. G. Lingappa
Devatha Manushya 1988"Hrudayanalli Idenidhu", "Ninatha Appa Illa", "Ee Sogasada"Upendra Kumar
Shruthi Seridaaga 1988"Bombeyattavayya", "Nagalarade", "Raaga Jeevana", "Shruthi Seride"T. G. Lingappa
Ondu Muttina Kathe 1987"Mutthondu Thande", "Mallige Hoovinanthe", "Ondu Eradu", "Melinda Hunnime"L. Vaidyanathan
Anuraga Aralithu 1986All songs except BeesadiruUpendra Kumar
Operation Diamond Racket 1978All songsGK Venkatesh
Sri Srinivasa Kalyana 1974"Naane Bhagyavathi"Rajan–Nagendra
Sampathige Savaal 1974"Yaare Koogadali"G. K. Venkatesh
Ohileshwara 1956"Om Namah Shivaaya"

See also

Notes

  1. Rajkumar played one character with three names
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Rajkumar played one character with two names
  3. Rajkumar played four distinct characters in the film
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Rajkumar played dual roles in the film.
  5. Rajkumar played one character with three names
  6. 1 2 Rajkumar played triple role in the film
  7. Rajkumar played one character with four names
  8. Rajkumar played two distinct characters in the film
  9. Rajkumar played one character with three names

References

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  47. Rajadhyaksha & Willemen 1998, p. 406.
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  55. "Dr Rajkumar Birth Anniversary: Here Are Some Must-watch Iconic Films of the Kannada Superstar". 24 April 2021.

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