Rick Saccone
Member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives
from the 39th district
In office
January 4, 2011 (2011-01-04) – November 30, 2018 (2018-11-30)
Preceded byDavid Levdansky
Succeeded byMike Puskaric
Personal details
Born
Richard Saccone

(1958-02-14) February 14, 1958
Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, U.S.
Political partyRepublican
SpouseYong Saccone
Children2
EducationWeber State College (BS)
University of Oklahoma (MPA)
Naval Postgraduate School (MA)
University of Pittsburgh (PhD)
Military service
Allegiance United States
Branch/service United States Air Force
UnitOffice of Special Investigations

Richard Saccone (born February 14, 1958)[1] is an American educator and far-right politician who represented Pennsylvania's 39th district in the Pennsylvania House of Representatives from 2011 to 2019. A Republican, he was his party's nominee for the March 2018 special election to fill in the vacant U.S. House seat for the 18th congressional district. Saccone lost to Democratic candidate Conor Lamb by a margin of 0.3%.[2]

He posted a video of himself on Facebook while standing in view of the 2021 storming of the United States Capitol. He posted on Facebook that, "We are storming the capitol. Our vanguard has broken thru the barricades. We will save this nation. Are you with me?" He later added that he and the other rioters would "run out all the evil people in there, and all the RINOs that have betrayed our president."[3] Following an investigation into Saccone's role in the attack on the Capitol, Saccone resigned his position as an adjunct professor at Saint Vincent College before he could be dismissed.[4]

On August 31, 2021, Saccone declared his intention to run for Lieutenant Governor in the 2022 gubernatorial election.[5] He finished second in the primary behind Carrie DelRosso.[6]

Education and career

Saccone received a bachelor's degree in psychology/criminal justice from Weber State College in 1981, a master's degree in public administration from the University of Oklahoma in 1984, and a master's degree in national security affairs from the Naval Postgraduate School in 1987.[7] Saccone received a Ph.D. in public and international affairs from the University of Pittsburgh in 2002.[8]

He was later on the faculty of Saint Vincent College in Latrobe, Pennsylvania. He served as a United States Air Force officer, working in the Office of Special Investigation, counter intelligence.[9] After resigning from the Air Force, Saccone was a civilian employee of the U.S. Army during the Iraq War, working in Iraq from 2004 to 2005.[9] While in Iraq, Saccone worked as an interrogation consultant at Abu Ghraib prison.[10]

According to his official and campaign biographies, Saccone worked as an anchor for an English-language television news station in South Korea,[8][11] and worked for businesses in South Korea and Central America.[11] He spent 12 years in South Korea, where he met his wife.[12]

Saccone's official biography states that he worked in North Korea on "an agreement meant to prevent the development of nuclear weapons there."[11] However, Saccone was not a diplomat, but rather was one of several U.S. representatives for the Korean Peninsula Energy Development Organization, working there from December 2000 to December 2001. The organization handled a construction project to generate civilian nuclear energy for North Korea while preventing the country from making nuclear weapons. Former U.S. and Southern Korean colleagues said that Saccone had embellished his role, and that he was present at negotiations with North Korea only as a low-level observer.[13] Dr Saccone wrote two books about dealing with North Korea and his time spent there, Living with the Enemy: Inside North Korea, and Negotiating with North Korea.

Political career

Saccone and his wife greeting U.S. President Donald Trump

Pennsylvania House of Representatives

In 2010, Saccone challenged incumbent Democratic Rep. David Levdansky for the 39th District seat in the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, and defeated Levdansky by 151 votes (50.3% to 49.7%). Levdansky challenged Saccone to a rematch in 2012; Saccone defeated him again by a margin of 50.2%-49.8%.[14]

Saccone was re-elected with 60% of the vote in 2014 and 70% in 2016.[8] The district includes part of Allegheny County and part of Washington County.[15]

2018 U.S. Senate run

In February 2017, Saccone filed with the FEC to run for United States Senate in the 2018 election, seeking to challenge incumbent Bob Casey Jr., and officially declared his candidacy later that month.[16][17]

Saccone is a supporter of Donald Trump and pledged to be a Trump ally if elected to the Senate.[8] On October 8, 2017, he suspended his U.S. Senate campaign to announce that he would seek the Republican nomination for the 18th Congressional District special election.[18]

2018 18th congressional district special election

On November 11, 2017, Saccone became the Republican nominee for the 18th congressional district special election held on March 13, 2018.[19] The special election attracted national attention. Republicans spent more than $8 million on television advertising, twice as much as the Democrats, and Republican stars including Donald Trump (twice), Donald Trump Jr., Ivanka Trump, and Mike Pence came to the state to campaign for Saccone.[20] As of March 14, Lamb led Saccone by 647 votes, mainly due to winning the Allegheny County portion of the district by 15,400 votes; Saccone won the rest of the district by 14,700 votes.[21] The result of the election was considered too close to call by most news outlets, since the candidates were separated by only 0.2 percent, and a recount was expected.[22] However, when it became apparent that Saccone would not be able to overcome Lamb's slim lead, he called Lamb to concede the race on March 21.[2] In the final tally, Saccone lost by 0.3 percent.[23]

Regular 14th congressional district election

After the Pennsylvania Supreme Court threw out the congressional map drawn by the state legislature and replaced it with a court-drawn map, most of the old 18th District was renumbered as the 14th district. On paper, the new 14th is even more Republican than its predecessor; Trump would have won it by 29 points had it existed in 2016.[24] On March 15, Saccone announced that regardless of the final result in the special election for the 18th, he will run in the regular election for the new 14th.[25] On May 15, Saccone lost the primary for the 14th district against Guy Reschenthaler (55%-45%).[26]

Participation in the 2021 Capitol attack

January 6 United
States Capitol attack
A crowd of attackers amid a cloud of tear gas (top) outside the Capitol on January 6, 2021(top), and an attacker inside the Capitol throws a metal trash can at a police officer (bottom) on January 6, 2021
Timeline • Planning
Background
2020 presidential election
and other causes
Related groups and persons
Participants
Notable people
Organizations
Law enforcement response
Aftermath
Biden inauguration
Investigations and charges
Corporate actions
Reactions
Impeachment and 2024 presidential election

On January 6, 2021, Saccone took part in the pro-Trump riots outside the United States Capitol building. On his Facebook page, he posted a video, in which he said "They broke down the gates. They're macing them up there. We're trying to run out all the evil people in there and all the RINOs who have betrayed our president. We're going to run them out of their offices" and made a post captioned "We are storming the capitol... Are u [sic] with me?", during his participation.[27] Saccone subsequently deleted the video.[23] On January 7, Saccone resigned from his position of adjunct professor at St. Vincent College.[27]

Political positions

Donald Trump

During his brief 2018 Senate run, Saccone pledged to be a Donald Trump ally if elected to the Senate.[8] In January 2018, Saccone was endorsed by Trump after winning the Republican nomination for the 18th congressional district special election.[28] Saccone closely identifies with Trump and in 2018 called himself "Trump before Trump was Trump."[28][29][30]

Saccone's campaign in the 2018 special election attracted national attention, and was seen by many political analysts and commentators as a bellwether on the popularity of the Republican party, Trump's taxes on foreign-made steel and aluminum imports, and the 2018 House election.[31][32][33][34][35] Saccone has purposely stoked this portrayal, and called the special election a referendum on the Presidency of Donald Trump.[30][36][37]

Abortion

Saccone introduced bills to limit abortion rights.[12][38] He supported legislation that would effectively ban abortions after 20 weeks of gestation.[39]

Church and state

Saccone's beliefs are strongly influenced by Christian reconstructionist and author David Barton, who also introduced at a rally during Saccone's 2018 special election run.[40][41]

In 2013, Saccone attracted attention for introducing the National Motto Display Act, a bill to require public school districts in Pennsylvania to post "In God We Trust" (the national motto) in every school building.[9][42]

The 2013 legislation failed, but in 2016, Saccone co-sponsored similar legislation (which would encourage but not mandate the posting of the motto in schools). The bill passed on a 179–20 vote in May 2016. The legislation was criticized by secular advocacy groups, such as the Freedom from Religion Foundation.[43] Also in 2013, Saccone sponsored a "day of prayer" resolution, seeking to designate April 30 as a National Fast Day.[42]

In January 2012, Saccone introduced to the state House a nonbinding resolution (Resolution No. 535) to declare 2012 as the "Year of the Bible" in Pennsylvania. The resolution passed unanimously, but was criticized by Americans United for Separation of Church and State.[44][45] The resolution drew considerable political controversy in Pennsylvania, as well as national attention.[46]

The Freedom from Religion Foundation filed a federal lawsuit over the resolution, Freedom From Religion Foundation v. Saccone, alleging a violation of the Establishment Clause. U.S. District Judge Christopher C. Conner dismissed the suit on the grounds of legislative immunity, but criticized the legislature for using state resources to "provide a re-election sound bite for use by members of the General Assembly."[47]

In an interview in 2017 with the Pastors Network of America, Saccone stated that God wants those who have the "fear of God in them" to "rule over us".[48]

Budget, taxation, and fiscal policy

Saccone supported the federal Republican tax legislation enacted in 2017, saying "I'm sorry I wasn’t there to vote for it."[49] Over the course of the campaign for the 2018 special election seat, Saccone distanced himself from ads which touted his support for the tax cuts and the ads, which while prominent at the start of the campaign, were cycled out.[50]

In 2017, Saccone was part of a faction of Republican state lawmakers who sought to close a $2.3 billion (~$2.71 billion in 2022) deficit in the state budget through spending cuts alone; Saccone said that he preferred to close the budget gap by redirecting non-General Fund funds in "nonperforming" (unused) special funds but that he was open to across-the-board spending cuts.[51]

Education

While in office Saccone has consistently called for spending cuts, including to funding for early childhood and K-12 education, public libraries, and child welfare.[52][53]

Guns

Saccone is known for his strong advocacy of gun rights.[8][9] In 2017, he sponsored at least four bills seeking to expand the rights of gun owners; one such bill would amend state law to prohibit discrimination against gun carriers; a co-sponsorship memorandum for the bill criticized Chuck E. Cheese's for its "policy barring customers from carrying firearms inside" the venue.[8]

Organized labor

Saccone favors right-to-work legislation, which makes it illegal for workers in unionized workplaces to be compelled into joining unions.[49] According to NBC News, "Saccone’s conservative record has united organized labor against him."[28] Saccone disputes the characterization, saying "the union members have always voted for me. Their leadership has never represented their members, and they know that."[49]

In 2017, Saccone sought to limit the practice of allowing some teachers to work full-time for teachers' unions under the classification "teachers on special assignment" (with those teachers' wages reimbursed by the union to the school district). In 2017, three teachers with the Pittsburgh Federation of Teachers worked full-time in that role. Saccone described the employees as "ghost teachers" and sponsored legislation that would limit teachers to no more than 15 days of union activity annually.[54]

Lobbying

Saccone introduced legislation that would prohibit public officials from accepting "transportation, lodging or hospitality or anything of economic value as a gift" from lobbyists.[55] Saccone said, "I have at least 20 lobbyist groups that have never taken me out for anything. They come to my office, they make their pitch and they go away. And that is how it should be."[55] However, it was later reported that Saccone did routinely get meals paid by lobbyists; Saccone justified getting gifted meals by lobbyists, saying that he had to have the meals with the lobbyists because other lawmakers did and he did not want to isolate himself from other lawmakers.[55]

Torture

Saccone advocated for waterboarding, sleep deprivation, and other forms of torture in articles and his book.[56][57]

Roy Moore special election

In 2017, during a special election campaign for a U.S. Senate seat in Alabama, Saccone defended Republican nominee Roy Moore, who had been accused of sexual misconduct involving teenage girls; after a reporter asked a different Republican state representative (Kathy Rapp), whether she found it "compassionate that your party may soon elect an accused child molester to the United States Senate," Saccone remarked, "Do you believe in the presumption of innocence?"[39]

Use of legislative expense account

According to The Intercept, records from the Pennsylvania General Assembly showed that Saccone used his legislative expense account, which is funded by taxpayers, "for meals, per diem payments, and other items at a rate higher than most lawmakers".[52] The investigation showed that Saccone purchased 36 line items for various flag and flag accessory purchases totaling $4,436.30. Saccone also spent $117,400 to lease an office from Dowling Properties, a real estate company founded by Celine Dowling, one of his campaign donors.[52]

Personal life

Saccone is a Baptist.[42] He was married to Yong Saccone who passed away on July 8, 2023. He met her in South Korea. The couple have two sons, Nick and Matthew.[7]

Electoral history

Pennsylvania's 39th House District primary election, 2010[58]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Rick Saccone 2,016 56.03%
Republican Shawn M. Hess 1,582 43.97%
Total votes 3,598 100.00%
Pennsylvania's 39th House District general election, 2010[59]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Rick Saccone 10,761 50.35%
Democratic David Levdansky (incumbent) 10,610 49.65%
Total votes 21,371 100.00%
Republican gain from Democratic
Pennsylvania's 39th House District primary election, 2012[60]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Rick Saccone (incumbent) 2,644 63.44%
Republican Shauna D'Alessandro 1,524 36.56%
Total votes 4,168 100.00%
Pennsylvania's 39th House District general election, 2012[14]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Rick Saccone (incumbent) 14,495 50.19%
Democratic David Levdansky 14,383 49.81%
Total votes 28,878 100.00%
Republican hold
Pennsylvania's 39th House District general election, 2014[61]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Rick Saccone (incumbent) 11,805 60.35%
Democratic Lisa Stout-Bashioum 7,755 39.65%
Total votes 19,560 100.00%
Republican hold
Pennsylvania's 39th House District primary election, 2016[62]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Rick Saccone (incumbent) 7,685 100.00%
Total votes 7,685 100.00%
Pennsylvania's 39th House District general election, 2016[63]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Rick Saccone (incumbent) 22,034 68.40%
Democratic Peter Kobylinski 10,180 31.60%
Total votes 32,214 100.00%
Republican hold
Pennsylvania's 18th congressional district special election Republican conferree meeting[64]
Candidate First ballot Pct. Second ballot Pct.
Rick Saccone 74 34.4% 123 57.5%
Guy Reschenthaler 75 34.9% 91 42.5%
Kim Ward 66 30.7% Eliminated
Pennsylvania's 18th congressional district special election, 2018[65]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Conor Lamb 114,102 49.86% +49.86%
Republican Rick Saccone 113,347 49.53% -50.47%
Libertarian Drew Gray Miller 1,381 0.60% +0.60%
Total votes 228,830 100.00%
Plurality 755 0.33% -99.67%
Democratic gain from Republican Swing

References

  1. ↑ "Rick Saccone, profile". February 14, 1958. Archived from the original on March 12, 2018. Retrieved March 11, 2018.
  2. 1 2 Bradner, Eric (March 21, 2018). "Republican Rick Saccone concedes 8 days after Pennsylvania special election". CNN. Archived from the original on March 22, 2018. Retrieved March 23, 2018.
  3. ↑ Yelena Dzhanova (January 10, 2021). "These are the Republican lawmakers facing calls for resignation after they attended the Trump rally ahead of the Capitol riot". businessinsider.com.
  4. ↑ "Sen. Mastriano and former state rep. Saccone among Trump supporters who occupied U.S. Capitol". Archived from the original on January 8, 2021. Retrieved January 8, 2021.
  5. ↑ Levy, Mark (August 31, 2021). "Ex-lawmaker to run for lieutenant governor in Pennsylvania". WTAE. Associated Press. Retrieved September 1, 2021.
  6. ↑ Gibson, Keegan (May 18, 2022). "DelRosso Wins GOP Lt. Governor Race - PoliticsPA". PoliticsPA. Retrieved June 1, 2022.
  7. 1 2 "Legislative candidates align themselves with governor's race". post-gazette.com. Archived from the original on December 1, 2017. Retrieved January 21, 2018.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Saccone announces his U.S. Senate bid in Capitol". post-gazette.com. Archived from the original on January 25, 2018. Retrieved January 21, 2018.
  9. 1 2 3 4 "State Rep. Rick Saccone takes big step toward a bigger arena". pennlive.com. February 9, 2017. Archived from the original on February 4, 2018. Retrieved January 21, 2018.
  10. ↑ Fang, Lee (January 19, 2018). "GOP Candidate for Pennsylvania Special Election Is a Former Abu Ghraib Interrogation Consultant". theintercept.com. Archived from the original on January 21, 2018. Retrieved January 21, 2018.
  11. 1 2 3 "Western Pa. representative will challenge Bob Casey". philly.com. February 9, 2017. Archived from the original on December 1, 2017. Retrieved January 21, 2018.
  12. 1 2 "Republicans pick state Rep. Rick Saccone as nominee for March 13 special election". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Archived from the original on January 17, 2018. Retrieved January 19, 2018.
  13. ↑ Haas, Benjamin; Jacobs, Ben (March 10, 2018). "Republican candidate's North Korea experience may not be all he claims". the Guardian. Archived from the original on March 11, 2018. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
  14. 1 2 "PA State House 039 2012". Our Campaigns. Archived from the original on March 8, 2018. Retrieved March 7, 2018.
  15. ↑ Center, Legislativate Data Processing. "Representative Rick Saccone". Pennsylvania General Assembly website. Archived from the original on January 29, 2018. Retrieved January 21, 2018.
  16. ↑ Engelkemier, Paul (February 10, 2017). "Saccone Launches 2018 US Senate Bid". PoliticsPA. Archived from the original on February 19, 2017. Retrieved February 27, 2017.
  17. ↑ Engelkemier, Paul. "Saccone Launches Senate Bid". PoliticsPA. Archived from the original on February 27, 2017. Retrieved February 27, 2017.
  18. ↑ "Pa. Rep. Rick Saccone Suspends Senate Run, Bids To Replace Murphy Bid". KDKA-TV. October 8, 2017. Archived from the original on November 12, 2017. Retrieved November 11, 2017.
  19. ↑ Chris, Potter (November 11, 2017). "After second round of voting, GOP has its nominee for the PA-18 special election: state Rep. Rick Saccone. Dems recommend their champion to state leaders next Sunday". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Archived from the original on January 9, 2021. Retrieved November 11, 2017.
  20. ↑ Schneider, Elena; Isenstadt, Alex (March 12, 2018). "Republicans wage 11th-hour blitz in Pa. special election". Politico. Archived from the original on March 13, 2018. Retrieved March 14, 2018.
  21. ↑ "Election results from CNN". CNN. Archived from the original on March 16, 2018. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
  22. ↑ Schneider, Elena (March 14, 2018). "Republicans prepare for recount in Pennsylvania special election". Politico. Archived from the original on March 14, 2018. Retrieved March 14, 2018.
  23. 1 2 "Former Western Pa. State Rep. Rick Saccone Part Of Protesters At U.S. Capitol". KDKA. January 6, 2021. Archived from the original on January 6, 2021. Retrieved January 6, 2021.
  24. ↑ Cohn, Nate; Bloch, Matthew; Quealy, Kevin (February 19, 2018). "The New Pennsylvania House Districts Are In. We Review the Mapmakers' Choices". The Upshot. The New York Times. Archived from the original on February 19, 2018. Retrieved February 20, 2018.
  25. ↑ Goodin, Emily; Verhovek, John (March 15, 2018). "Conor Lamb, Rick Saccone to run again in November in new and different congressional districts". ABC News. Archived from the original on March 17, 2018. Retrieved June 28, 2020.
  26. ↑ "Pennsylvania Elections - Office Results". www.electionreturns.pa.gov. Archived from the original on May 16, 2018. Retrieved May 16, 2018.
  27. 1 2 Sheehan, Andy (January 9, 2021). "Former State Rep. Rick Saccone Resigns From Position At St. Vincent College After Posting Video From U.S. Capitol". KDKA. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
  28. 1 2 3 Seitz-Wald, Alex (January 18, 2018). "Trump jumps into midterms in race to replace Republican who quit in scandal". NBC News. Archived from the original on January 19, 2018. Retrieved January 19, 2018.
  29. ↑ Olson, Laura (January 18, 2018). "Trump wades into Pennsylvania race seen as test of Republican strength". Morning Call. Archived from the original on January 19, 2018. Retrieved January 19, 2018.
  30. 1 2 Whitesides, John (January 17, 2018). "Pennsylvania race to test Democrats' hopes for anti-Trump wave". Reuters. Archived from the original on January 19, 2018. Retrieved January 19, 2018.
  31. ↑ "Trump's tariff threat may be timed for Pennsylvania U.S. House race". Reuters. March 6, 2018. Archived from the original on March 12, 2018. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
  32. ↑ "Republican super PACs surge into Pennsylvania special election". The Washington Post. January 4, 2018. Archived from the original on October 10, 2018. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
  33. ↑ "So it begins? National groups investing in Pa-18 special election". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. January 5, 2018. Archived from the original on January 22, 2018. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
  34. ↑ "Democratic wave: Republicans are bracing for a potentially competitive special election in a usually reliable part of Pennsylvania". Politico. Archived from the original on January 21, 2018. Retrieved January 22, 2018.
  35. ↑ "In Pennsylvania, a Bellwether Special Election Attracts National Attention | National Review". National Review. February 6, 2018. Archived from the original on May 28, 2019. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
  36. ↑ Seitz-Wald, Alex (January 18, 2018). "Trump jumps into midterms in race to replace Republican who quit in scandal". NBC News. Archived from the original on January 19, 2018. Retrieved January 19, 2018.
  37. ↑ Olson, Laura (January 18, 2018). "Trump wades into Pennsylvania race seen as test of Republican strength". Morning Call. Archived from the original on January 19, 2018. Retrieved January 19, 2018.
  38. ↑ "Pennsylvania General Assembly - Regular Session 2017-2018 - House Bill 2315". Pennsylvania General Assembly. Archived from the original on May 9, 2019. Retrieved May 6, 2019.
  39. 1 2 Potter, Chris (December 7, 2017). "Democrats hit Saccone over 'presumption of innocence' remark in Roy Moore discussion". Post Gazette. Retrieved March 10, 2018.
  40. ↑ Burton, Tara (January 25, 2018). "The Historian Behind America's Religious Right". Vox. Archived from the original on March 14, 2018. Retrieved March 13, 2018.
  41. ↑ Miller, Barbara. "Mon Valley state rep announcing U.S. Senate run for Casey's seat". Observer-Reporter. Archived from the original on October 11, 2018. Retrieved March 13, 2018.
  42. 1 2 3 "Pennsylvania bill would require schools to display 'In God We Trust' motto". foxnews.com. October 25, 2013. Archived from the original on January 21, 2018. Retrieved January 21, 2018.
  43. ↑ Lindstrom, Natasha. "'In God We Trust' bill advances in Pennsylvania Legislature". Pittsburgh Tribune-Review. Archived from the original on January 18, 2018. Retrieved January 21, 2018.
  44. ↑ "Bill Information - House Resolution 535; Regular Session 2011-2012". Pennsylvania General Assembly website. Archived from the original on September 2, 2017. Retrieved January 21, 2018.
  45. ↑ Joseph L. Conn, Year of the Bible?: Pa. House Urges 'Faith In God Through Holy Scripture' Archived January 30, 2012, at the Wayback Machine, Wall of Separation, Americans United for Separation of Church and State, January 27, 2012.
  46. ↑ Matt Miller, Neither side is budging in Pennsylvania House's Year of the Bible resolution Archived September 2, 2017, at the Wayback Machine, pennlive.com, April 9, 2012.
  47. ↑ Saranac Hale Spencer, Pennsylvania legislators' 'Year of the Bible' declaration legal but ill-advised, judge says Archived September 2, 2017, at the Wayback Machine, post-gazette.com, October 22, 2012.
  48. ↑ Tara Isabella Burton (January 25, 2018). "Understanding the fake historian behind America's religious right". Vox.
  49. 1 2 3 Weigel, David (January 17, 2018). "The first congressional election of 2018: A test of Trump in western Pennsylvania". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Archived from the original on January 19, 2018. Retrieved January 19, 2018.
  50. ↑ Weigel, David (March 1, 2018). "In tight Pennsylvania race, GOP struggles to land a blow against Conor Lamb". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Archived from the original on March 6, 2018. Retrieved March 5, 2018.
  51. ↑ "PA House GOP faction trying to balance budget by spending cuts alone". cityandstatepa.com. September 2017. Archived from the original on May 6, 2019. Retrieved May 6, 2019.
  52. 1 2 3 Fang, Lee (February 1, 2018). "Rick Saccone, Critic of Government Spending, Spends Freely From His Expense Account, Records Show". The Intercept. Archived from the original on February 1, 2018. Retrieved February 2, 2018.
  53. ↑ "GOP candidate Rick Saccone hates government waste, bills the taxpayer like crazy on his own personal expenses, which totalled $435,172/Boing Boing". boingboing.net. February 2018. Archived from the original on March 10, 2018. Retrieved March 10, 2018.
  54. ↑ "State Lawmaker Takes On So-Called 'Ghost Teachers'". May 24, 2017. Archived from the original on March 10, 2018. Retrieved March 10, 2018.
  55. 1 2 3 Esack, Steve. "U.S. Sen candidate and state Rep. Rick Saccone eats his gift ban words". themorningcall.com. Archived from the original on February 13, 2018. Retrieved February 2, 2018.
  56. ↑ "The waterboarding debate Interrogations should be left to the experts". eastbaytimes.com. February 10, 2008. Archived from the original on January 20, 2018. Retrieved January 21, 2018.
  57. ↑ Unseen War in Iraq: Insurgents in the Shadows, eastbaytimes.com, October 15, 2008.
  58. ↑ "PA State House 039 - R Primary 2010". Our Campaigns. Archived from the original on March 8, 2018. Retrieved March 7, 2018.
  59. ↑ "PA State House 039 2010". Our Campaigns. Archived from the original on March 8, 2018. Retrieved March 7, 2018.
  60. ↑ "PA State House 039 - R Primary 2012". Our Campaigns. Archived from the original on March 8, 2018. Retrieved March 7, 2018.
  61. ↑ "PA State House 039 2014". Our Campaigns. Archived from the original on March 8, 2018. Retrieved March 7, 2018.
  62. ↑ "PA State House 039 - R Primary 2016". Our Campaigns. Archived from the original on March 8, 2018. Retrieved March 7, 2018.
  63. ↑ "PA State House 039 2016". Our Campaigns. Archived from the original on March 8, 2018. Retrieved March 7, 2018.
  64. ↑ Potter, Chris (November 11, 2017). "For those of you with money in office pools, Reschenthaler scored 75 votes in the first round, Saccone 74, and Ward 66. Candidates must reach absolute majority to become party's nominee". @CPotterPgh. Archived from the original on January 9, 2021. Retrieved March 7, 2018.
  65. ↑ "Allegheny County's District 18 special election results are finally official". The Incline. Archived from the original on April 2, 2018. Retrieved April 3, 2018.
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