Richmond
Queensland
Great Northern railway line near Richmond, 1985
Richmond is located in Queensland
Richmond
Richmond
Coordinates20°43′50″S 143°08′33″E / 20.7305°S 143.1425°E / -20.7305; 143.1425 (Richmond (town centre))
Population648 (2016 census locality)[1]
 • Density0.19298/km2 (0.4998/sq mi)
Postcode(s)4822
Area3,357.9 km2 (1,296.5 sq mi)
Time zoneAEST (UTC+10:00)
Location
LGA(s)Shire of Richmond
State electorate(s)Traeger
Federal division(s)Kennedy
Localities around Richmond:
Burleigh Woolgar Dutton River
Maxwelton Richmond Marathon
Albion Albion Stamford

Richmond is a rural town and locality in the Shire of Richmond, Queensland, Australia.[2][3] In the 2016 census, the locality of Richmond had a population of 648 people.[1]

It is the administrative centre of the Shire of Richmond.

Toponymy

The origin of the name Richmond comes from when Arthur Bundock and Walter Hayes took up land in the district which they named the Richmond Downs Pastoral Run. It was named after the Richmond River in northern New South Wales which was where Bundock had been born.[4]

Geography

The town is 498 kilometres (309 mi) west of Townsville and 406 kilometres (252 mi) east of Mount Isa. The Flinders Highway traverses the locality from east to west passing through the town which is located in about the centre of the locality. The Great Northern railway runs immediately south and parallel to the highway through the east of the locality, crossing over in the town which is served by the Richmond railway station, and then the railway runs immediately north and parallel to the highway through the west of the locality. There is a second railway station, the Moselle railway on the far eastern edge of the locality, named after the pastoral run, which in turn was named in about the 1870s by pastoralist J.B. Brodie after the Moselle River in eastern France.[5][6]

The Flinders River flows through the locality from east to west, passing to the west of the town, where the river has its confluence with its tributary Dutton River.[5]

The Richmond–Croydon Road exits to the north-west, and the Richmond–Winton Road to the south-west.[7]

History

Jirandali (also known as Yirandali, Warungu, and Yirandhali) is an Australian Aboriginal language of North-West Queensland, particularly the Hughenden area. The language region includes the local government area of the Shire of Flinders, including Dutton River, Flinders River, Mount Sturgeon, Caledonia, Richmond, Corfield, Winton, Torrens, Tower Hill, Landsborough Creek, Lammermoor Station, Hughenden, and Tangorin.[8]

Wanamarra (also known as Maykulan and Wunumura is an Australian Aboriginal language in North West Queensland. The language region includes areas within the Shire of McKinlay, Shire of Cloncurry and Shire of Richmond, including the Flinders River area, and the towns of Kynuna and Richmond.[9]

The explorer William Landsborough camped at the site that would become the town of Richmond on 13 March 1862.[10] Explorer and former Commandant of the Native Police, Frederick Walker, had previously passed through the area in October 1861, naming and camping on the Dutton River. Both the Landsborough and Walker parties were attempting to locate the Burke and Wills expedition.[11]

The leasehold of the Richmond Downs Pastoral Run was granted in 1863 to Wellington Cochrane Bundock and Enoch Price Walter Hays who came from the Richmond River in New South Wales.[12][13][14][15] In 1866 the Crown Lands Office transferred the leasehold on the Pastoral Runs of Wyanganie, Landsborough Downs and Richmond Downs in the Burke district from W C Bundock and F S Hays to Robert Napier, manager of the Commercial Banking Company of Sydney.[16][17] Then in 1867 the interest of the bank in these three properties was transferred back to W C Bundock and Francis S Hays.[18]

By 1867 Richmond Downs had a postal service.[19][20] However at some stage the service drew the attention of the Postmaster General for inefficiency.[21] In the 1870s services became intermittent.[19][22][23][24] In May 1899, the post office name was changed from Richmond Downs to Richmond, and a new post office built.[2][25]

In 1880, gold was found at Woolgar to the north and Richmond became an important stagecoach stop en route to Woolgar.[26]

The town was surveyed on 9 December 1882 by surveyor Joseph Hargreaves with town lots sold from April 1883.[27]

Richmond Provisional School opened on 22 May 1889 with 23 pupils, becoming Richmond State School on 27 February 1902 when it had 113 pupils.[28][29]

Official opening of the railway line to Richmond, 1904

The Great Northern railway reached the town in June 1904. At the official celebration on 2 June 1904, it was explained that the line was the first to be built by cheaper methods by replacing the track ballast with packed earth, but the cost saving was at the expense of train speed, which was expected to be 15 miles per hour. It was hoped that cheaper methods would allow more pastoral areas to be serviced by rail with an immediate desire to connect through to Cloncurry.[30]

The Sisters of St Joseph of the Sacred Heart opened a Catholic primary school in 1915.[31]

The Richmond Public Library was opened in 1996.[32]

At the 2006 census, Richmond had a population of 554.[33]

In the 2011 census, Richmond had a population of 522 people.[34]

St John the Baptist Anglican Church, Richmond, 2014

In the 2016 census, the locality of Richmond had a population of 648 people.[1]

Heritage listings

Richmond has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:

Economy

Traditionally, the two biggest industries in Richmond are sheep- and cattle-farming, however tourism is an increasingly important aspect of the local economy. In addition to being a major transit stop on the Flinders Highway, recent paleontological discoveries have unearthed the fossils of prehistoric marine creatures, some of which are on display in Richmond.

Attractions

  • Kronosaurus Korner, Richmond, Queensland. Dinosaur Museum. 2009
    Cambridge Downs Heritage Display Centre – a replica of the original Cambridge Downs Homestead built in the late 1860s.[26]
  • Kronosaurus Korner – fossil museum.[26]
  • Lake Fred Tritton[36]
  • Richmond War Memorial[36]
  • Moon Rocks Monument[36]


Facilities

Richmond has a golf course, bowling club, swimming facilities, race course, caravan park and a tourist information centre.[26]

The Richmond Shire Council operates a public library in Richmond at 76 Goldring Street.[37]

The Richmond branch of the Queensland Country Women's Association has its rooms at 74 Goldring Street.[38]

Education

Richmond State School is a government primary and secondary (Prep–10) school for boys and girls at 88 Crawford Street (20°44′03″S 143°08′35″E / 20.7341°S 143.1430°E / -20.7341; 143.1430 (Richmond State School)).[39][40] In 2016, the school had an enrolment of 78 students with 10 teachers and 12 non-teaching staff (7 full-time equivalent).[41] In 2018, the school had an enrolment of 84 students with 12 teachers and 13 non-teaching staff (8 full-time equivalent).[42]

There is no school in Richmond providing education to Year 12; the nearest such school is Hughenden State School in Hughenden to the east. However, given the distances involved, other options are distance education and boarding schools.[5]

Climate

Richmond has a hot semi-arid climate bordering on a tropical temperature regime.

Climate data for Richmond Post Office (211 m asl), 1981–2010 normals; extremes since 1893
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 46.0
(114.8)		 44.0
(111.2)		 42.4
(108.3)		 40.6
(105.1)		 37.8
(100.0)		 34.5
(94.1)		 36.1
(97.0)		 37.3
(99.1)		 40.3
(104.5)		 43.3
(109.9)		 45.5
(113.9)		 46.0
(114.8)		 46.0
(114.8)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 36.8
(98.2)		 36.0
(96.8)		 35.4
(95.7)		 33.1
(91.6)		 29.6
(85.3)		 26.4
(79.5)		 26.3
(79.3)		 28.7
(83.7)		 32.7
(90.9)		 36.0
(96.8)		 37.3
(99.1)		 38.1
(100.6)		 33.0
(91.4)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 23.6
(74.5)		 23.3
(73.9)		 21.2
(70.2)		 18.1
(64.6)		 14.2
(57.6)		 10.6
(51.1)		 9.5
(49.1)		 11.0
(51.8)		 15.0
(59.0)		 18.9
(66.0)		 21.6
(70.9)		 23.3
(73.9)		 17.5
(63.5)
Record low °C (°F) 13.3
(55.9)		 12.5
(54.5)		 10.6
(51.1)		 3.6
(38.5)		 1.1
(34.0)		 −2.4
(27.7)		 −2.2
(28.0)		 −1.1
(30.0)		 2.2
(36.0)		 4.4
(39.9)		 7.3
(45.1)		 10.2
(50.4)		 −2.4
(27.7)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 139.1
(5.48)		 99.2
(3.91)		 46.3
(1.82)		 30.3
(1.19)		 14.6
(0.57)		 17.8
(0.70)		 11.0
(0.43)		 8.5
(0.33)		 4.6
(0.18)		 16.8
(0.66)		 36.8
(1.45)		 69.4
(2.73)		 492.1
(19.37)
Average precipitation days 9.7 8.4 4.3 2.5 1.7 1.4 1.3 1.4 0.9 2.8 5.4 6.9 46.7
Average afternoon relative humidity (%) 38 41 33 30 31 31 28 23 20 21 25 29 29
Source: Bureau of Meteorology[43]

Transport

Preceding station Queensland Rail Queensland Rail Following station
Long distance rail services
Hughenden
towards Townsville
 The Inlander Julia Creek
towards Mount Isa

References

  1. 1 2 3 Australian Bureau of Statistics (27 June 2017). "Richmond (SSC)". 2016 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 20 October 2018.
  2. 1 2 "Richmond – town in Shire of Richmond (entry 44240)". Queensland Place Names. Queensland Government. Retrieved 28 December 2020.
  3. ↑ "Richmond – locality in Shire of Richmond (entry 42355)". Queensland Place Names. Queensland Government. Retrieved 28 December 2020.
  4. ↑ "Richmond, QLD". Aussie Towns. 2017.
  5. 1 2 3 "Queensland Globe". State of Queensland. Retrieved 8 March 2021.
  6. ↑ "Moselle – railway station in the Shire of Richmond (entry 22886)". Queensland Place Names. Queensland Government. Retrieved 15 October 2017.
  7. ↑ Richmond, Queensland (Map). OpenStreetMap. Retrieved 13 April 2022.
  8. ↑ This Wikipedia article incorporates CC-BY-4.0 licensed text from: "Guugu Yimithirr". Queensland Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages map. State Library of Queensland. Retrieved 28 January 2020.
  9. ↑ This Wikipedia article incorporates CC-BY-4.0 licensed text from: "Wanamarra". Queensland Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages map. State Library of Queensland. Retrieved 5 February 2020.
  10. ↑ "STATION SALES". The Northern Miner. Queensland, Australia. 29 May 1911. p. 7. Archived from the original on 30 June 2019. Retrieved 16 October 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
  11. ↑ Norman, W. H.; Landsborough, William.; Walker, Frederick. (1862), Exploration expedition : letter from Commander Norman reporting the return of the "Victoria" from the Gulf of Carpentaria : together with reports and correspondence, archived from the original on 22 December 2020, retrieved 15 January 2019
  12. ↑ "Bundock – population centre in Shire of Richmond (entry 48159)". Queensland Place Names. Queensland Government. Retrieved 20 July 2021.
  13. ↑ "Item ID ITM75886". Queensland State Archives. Retrieved 8 February 2023.
  14. ↑ "W. C. BUNDOCK AND A. F. BUNDOCK, RICHMOND RIVER PIONEERS". The Northern Star. Vol. 63. New South Wales, Australia. 4 March 1940. p. 2. Archived from the original on 30 June 2019. Retrieved 16 October 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
  15. ↑ "W. C. BUNDOCK AND "WYANGARIE"". Northern Star. Vol. 63. New South Wales, Australia. 19 February 1940. p. 10. Retrieved 9 February 2023 – via National Library of Australia.
  16. ↑ "Classified Advertising". The Brisbane Courier. Vol. XXI, no. 2, 713. Queensland, Australia. 6 October 1866. p. 3. Retrieved 9 February 2023 – via National Library of Australia.
  17. ↑ "Advertising". Empire. No. 4, 744. New South Wales, Australia. 9 January 1867. p. 1. Retrieved 9 February 2023 – via National Library of Australia.
  18. ↑ "Advertising". Queensland Times, Ipswich Herald And General Advertiser. Vol. VII, no. 892. Queensland, Australia. 18 February 1868. p. 1. Retrieved 9 February 2023 – via National Library of Australia.
  19. 1 2 "UPPER FLINDERS". The Brisbane Courier. Vol. XXIV, no. 3, 853. Queensland, Australia. 9 February 1870. p. 3. Retrieved 9 February 2023 – via National Library of Australia.
  20. ↑ "Classified Advertising". The Brisbane Courier. Vol. XXII, no. 3, 034. Queensland, Australia. 2 July 1867. p. 1. Retrieved 9 February 2023 – via National Library of Australia.
  21. ↑ "THE CONTRIBUTOR". Leader. Vol. XLII, no. 1250. Victoria, Australia. 13 December 1879. p. 33. Retrieved 9 February 2023 – via National Library of Australia.
  22. ↑ "Postal Affairs at the Flinders". The Queenslander. Vol. X, no. 61. Queensland, Australia. 3 April 1875. p. 9. Retrieved 9 February 2023 – via National Library of Australia.
  23. ↑ "EASTERN NEWS PER R.M.S. BRISBANE". Maryborough Chronicle, Wide Bay and Burnett Advertiser. No. 2097. Queensland, Australia. 29 January 1878. p. 2. Retrieved 9 February 2023 – via National Library of Australia.
  24. ↑ "Melbourne". The Brisbane Courier. Vol. XXXIII, no. 3, 765. Queensland, Australia. 12 June 1879. p. 2. Retrieved 10 February 2023 – via National Library of Australia.
  25. ↑ "PUBLIC WORKS". The Brisbane Courier. Vol. LVI, no. 12, 945. Queensland, Australia. 8 July 1899. p. 4. Retrieved 10 February 2023 – via National Library of Australia.
  26. 1 2 3 4 "Richmond and Richmond Shire". Queensland Places. Centre for the Government of Queensland, University of Queensland. Archived from the original on 31 August 2011. Retrieved 21 December 2011.
  27. ↑ "WESTERN MAIL NEWS". Morning Bulletin. Vol. XXX, no. 4706. Queensland, Australia. 26 April 1883. p. 3. Archived from the original on 30 June 2019. Retrieved 15 October 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
  28. ↑ Queensland Family History Society (2010), Queensland schools past and present (Version 1.01 ed.), Queensland Family History Society, ISBN 978-1-921171-26-0
  29. ↑ "Agency ID 5658, Richmond State School". Queensland State Archives. Retrieved 15 October 2017.
  30. ↑ "THE HUGHENDEN-RICHMOND RAILWAY". The Brisbane Courier. Vol. LX, no. 14, 475. Queensland, Australia. 4 June 1904. p. 5. Archived from the original on 30 June 2019. Retrieved 16 October 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
  31. ↑ "Queensland". Sisters of Saint Joseph of the Sacred Heart. Archived from the original on 9 November 2019. Retrieved 8 March 2021.
  32. ↑ "Queensland Public Libraries Statistical Bulletin 2016-2017" (PDF). Public Libraries Connect. State Library of Queensland. November 2017. Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 January 2018. Retrieved 30 January 2018.
  33. ↑ Australian Bureau of Statistics (25 October 2007). "Richmond (L) (Urban Centre/Locality)". 2006 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 23 September 2008.
  34. ↑ Australian Bureau of Statistics (31 October 2012). "Richmond (UCL)". 2011 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 13 July 2016.
  35. ↑ "St John the Baptist Anglican Church Complex (entry 601714)". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Retrieved 12 July 2013.
  36. 1 2 3 "Richmond, QLD". Aussie Towns. Retrieved 9 February 2023.
  37. ↑ "Richmond Library". Public Libraries Connect. State Library of Queensland. 28 April 2014. Archived from the original on 30 January 2018. Retrieved 30 January 2018.
  38. ↑ "Branch locations". Queensland Country Women's Association. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 26 December 2018.
  39. ↑ "State and non-state school details". Queensland Government. 9 July 2018. Archived from the original on 21 November 2018. Retrieved 21 November 2018.
  40. ↑ "Richmond State School". Retrieved 8 March 2021.
  41. ↑ "Annual Report 2016" (PDF). Richmond State School. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 October 2017. Retrieved 15 October 2017.
  42. ↑ "ACARA School Profile 2018". Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority. Archived from the original on 27 August 2020. Retrieved 28 January 2020.
  43. ↑ "Climate Statistics for Richmond Post Office". Bureau of Meteorology. Archived from the original on 30 June 2019. Retrieved 12 September 2018.
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