Royal Hospital Kilmainham
Royal Hospital Kilmainham
Royal Hospital Kilmainham is located in Central Dublin
Royal Hospital Kilmainham
Shown in Dublin
Geography
LocationKilmainham, Dublin, Ireland
Coordinates53°20′36″N 6°18′01″W / 53.343303°N 6.300177°W / 53.343303; -6.300177
Organisation
TypeSpecialist
Services
SpecialityHospital for retired soldiers
History
Opened1684
Closed1927

The Royal Hospital Kilmainham (Irish: Ospidéal Ríochta Chill Mhaighneann) in Kilmainham, Dublin, is a former 17th-century hospital at Kilmainham in Ireland. The structure now houses the Irish Museum of Modern Art.

History

A priory, founded in 1174 by Strongbow, existed on the site until the Crown closed it down in the Dissolution of the Monasteries in the 1530s.[1]

The hospital was built as a home for retired soldiers of the Irish Army by Sir William Robinson, Surveyor General for James Butler, 1st Duke of Ormond, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, between 1679 and 1687.[2] Colonel John Jeffreys of Brecon, an old Welsh soldier who had served the Crown loyally during the English Civil War, was appointed the first Master, at a salary of £300 per annum. The hospital got off to a bad start financially: from a petition presented by Jeffreys to King James II in 1686, it seems that most of the original sources of funding had dried up. Architecturally, it was inspired by Les Invalides in Paris which also has a formal facade and a large courtyard.[3] It served as the model for the Royal Hospital, Chelsea, begun the next year.[4]

The Richmond Tower at the end of the formal avenue leading to the Royal Hospital was designed by Francis Johnston, one of the leading architects of the day.[5] This gateway originally stood beside the river Liffey at Bloody Bridge (now Rory O'More Bridge), but had to be moved after the arrival of the railway in 1844 increased traffic congestion. He had placed his personal coat of arms above the arch, concealed by a piece of wood painted to match the stone, his idea being that his arms would be revealed to future generations after the wood became rotten. However, his little trick was uncovered when the gateway was taken down for removal. The coat of arms at present on the gateway is that of the Royal Hospital.[6]

The Royal Hospital Kilmainham graveyards, including Bully's Acre, are 400 metres to the west. A cross-shaft in the former cemetery may be the remains of a boundary cross associated with a ninth-century monastery located at this site.[7]

Following the creation of the Irish Free State the Royal Hospital was considered as a potential home for Oireachtas Éireann, the new Irish national parliament. Eventually, it was decided to keep parliament in its temporary home in Leinster House.[8] The Hospital remained the home of a dwindling number of soldiers until it closed in 1927.[3] It was then variously used by the Garda Síochána and as a storage location for property belonging to the National Museum of Ireland. The large statue Queen Victoria which used to stand in the forecourt of Leinster House, before its removal in 1947, was stored in the main courtyard of the Hospital,[9] as were various state carriages, including the famously spectacular State Coach of the Lord Chancellor of Ireland.[10] The Royal Hospital in Kilmainham was finally restored by the Irish Government in 1984 and opened as the Irish Museum of Modern Art (IMMA).[11]

Every year on the National Day of Commemoration – the Sunday nearest 11 July – the anniversary of the Truce that ended the Irish War of Independence – the President of Ireland, in the presence of members of the Government of Ireland, members of Dáil Éireann and of Seanad Éireann, the Council of State, the Defence Forces, the Judiciary and the Diplomatic Corps, lays a wreath in the courtyard in memory of all Irishmen and Irishwomen who have died in past wars and on service with the United Nations.[12]

In recent years, Royal Kilmainham Hospital has become a popular location for concerts during the summer months. Acts such as Blur, Damien Rice, Tame Impala, Kodaline and Patti Smith have played there in the past.[13] The Frames held their 30th Anniversary show in the grounds on the evening of 28 May 2022 to an audience of approximately 10,000 fans.[14]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Lennox Barrow, G. (1 June 1985). "The Knights Hospitaller of St. John of Jerusalem at Kilmainham". Dublin Historical Record. 38 (3): 108–112. JSTOR 30100662.
  2. ↑ "Sir William Robinson". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Retrieved 10 May 2019. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  3. 1 2 "Royal Hospital Kilmainham". Heritage Ireland. Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 10 May 2019.
  4. ↑ Summerson, Sir John (1953). Architecture in Britain 1530-1830 (1993 ed.). Yale University Press. p. 221. ISBN 0300058861.
  5. ↑ "Co. Dublin, Dublin, Circular Road South (Kilmainham), Royal Hospital". Dictionary of Irish Architects. Archived from the original on 2 June 2019. Retrieved 10 May 2019.
  6. ↑ Guinness, Desmond; Jacqueline O'Brien (1994). Dublin: A Grand Tour. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. p. 38. ISBN 978-0-297-82221-9.
  7. ↑ Murphy, Sean (1989). Bully's Acre and Royal Hospital Kilmainham graveyards: history and inscriptions (PDF). Dublin: Divelina Publications. p. 5. ISBN 978-0-9512611-1-8. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 August 2011. Retrieved 4 August 2010.
  8. ↑ "A Parliament seeking a home". Oireachtas. 3 April 2019. Archived from the original on 1 April 2019. Retrieved 10 May 2019.
  9. ↑ "Statues of Dublin: The unveiling (and removal) of Queen Victoria". Come here to me. 24 May 2012. Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 10 May 2019.
  10. ↑ "The Lord Mayor's Coach". Dublin City. Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 10 May 2019.
  11. ↑ "Twenty years of the Irish Museum of Modern Art". The Irish Times. 19 March 2011. Archived from the original on 29 March 2019. Retrieved 10 May 2019.
  12. ↑ "Dublin ceremony remembers Irish war dead". Irish Times. 9 July 2006. Retrieved 10 May 2019.
  13. ↑ "Five times the Royal Hospital Kilmainham has hosted amazing gigs". Joe.ie. Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 10 May 2019.
  14. ↑ Murray, Jess. "Live Report: The Frames relish triumphant return at the Royal Hospital Kilmainham, Dublin". Hotpress.
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