Royal tours of Canada in the 21st century carry on the tradition of the previous 300 years,[1] either as an official tour, a working tour, a vacation, or a period of military service by a member of the Royal Family. Originally, royal tours of Canada were events predominantly for Canadians to see and possibly meet members of their royal family, with the associated patriotic pomp and spectacle. However, nearing the end of the 20th century, such occasions took on the added dimension of a theme; for instance, the 2005 tour of Saskatchewan and Alberta by Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, was deemed to be a vehicle for Her Majesty and all other Canadians to honour "The Spirit of Nation Builders".[2] Also, junior members of the Royal Family began to undertake unofficial "working" tours of Canada as well; in this method, royal figures are invited by provinces, municipalities, and other organizations to events which the latter fund without assistance from the federal government. Charles III; Anne, Princess Royal; Andrew, Duke of York; and Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex, have all made several small tours in this fashion.

Canadian Royal Family

2000–2009

YearDatesPersonsLocationsReasons
2000 4–6 June The Earl of Wessex Quebec
25–27 June The Earl of Wessex British Columbia
14–18 July The Earl and Countess of Wessex Newfoundland and Labrador Nova Scotia Prince Edward Island Quebec To attend events for the Duke of Edinburgh's Award – Young Canadians' Challenge, attend performance of Emily Confederation Centre of the Arts, visit Rodd Brudenell River Resort, attend concert at St. Mary's Church, visit Cavendish Farms processing plant, visit Gateway Village, attend federal dinner at Delta Prince Edward Hotel, visit to All Souls' Chapel, attend luncheon at Government House, visit Confederation Birthplace Commemorative Park, attend official opening of the 39th annual Canadian Branch Conference of the Commonwealth Parliamentary Association, attend reception with delegates and families at Fanningbank.
28 September–3 October The Duke of York Ontario Quebec To be invested as Colonel-in-Chief of the Queen's York Rangers,[3] attend events for Round Square, attend the state funeral of Pierre Trudeau.[4]
23–26 November The Duke and Duchess of Kent British Columbia To attend the dedication ceremony of the Waveney lifeboat White Rose of Yorkshire.
2001 26–27 January The Duke of York Ontario To visit a former Chaplain at Lakefield College School.
4–8 April The Duke of Kent British Columbia As President of the Royal National Lifeboat Association.
25–30 April The Prince of Wales (now Charles III) Ontario Saskatchewan Yukon In addition to the nation's capital, the Prince visited the only two regions of the country not previously visited — Saskatchewan and Yukon — to complete "his Canadian journey".[6]
2–5 August The Earl and Countess of Wessex Alberta To attend the 8th IAAF World Championships.
19–21 October The Duke of Edinburgh Ontario To present Duke of Edinburgh's Awards, attend events for the World Wildlife Fund.
19–21 October The Duke and Duchess of Kent Ontario
2002 13–24 March Prince Michael of Kent Alberta British Columbia Ontario To undertake duties as Colonel-in-Chief of the Essex and Kent Scottish.
21–25 June Prince and Princess Michael of Kent Ontario To attend the Queen's Plate.
5–8 September The Earl and Countess of Wessex Ontario To attend events for the Duke of Edinburgh's Award.
20–24 September The Earl and Countess of Wessex OntarioOntario: Toronto, Ottawa To attend events for the Duke of Edinburgh's Award.
4–15 October The Queen and The Duke of Edinburgh British Columbia Manitoba New Brunswick Ontario Quebec Nunavut To celebrate the Queen's Golden Jubilee.
2003 6–12 May The Duke of York British Columbia Ontario To visit with the Queen's York Rangers, meet with trustees at Lakefield College School, turn the sod for the new mental health building of the British Columbia's Children's Hospital, visit the Regent Park Duke of York Public School, present Duke of Edinburgh's Awards, attend the Children Circle of Care Conference.
12–17 June The Duke of York British Columbia Ontario To visit Lakefield College School, attend lunch with the Empire Club of Canada, visit the Greenwood School, visit Lester B. Pearson College.[7]
18–25 June The Earl and Countess of Wessex Saskatchewan Centenaries of Regina, Moose Jaw and Lloydminster, open cultural centre, open the Saskatchewan Indian Federated College facility at the University of Regina.
31 July–6 August Prince and Princess Michael of Kent Ontario Centenary and re-opening of the Lake of the Woods Yacht Club, opening of the Leo Mol garden.
29 August–1 September The Princess Royal Ontario To visit with the Canadian Forces Communications and Electronics Branch, perform charity work.
2004 26–27 April The Duke of Edinburgh Ontario To attend the 40th Anniversary Gala for the Duke of Edinburgh's Award.
4–8 June The Princess Royal Ontario Saskatchewan To attend ceremonies marking the 60th anniversary of D-Day, visit the Royal Regina Rifles, visit the Monarchist League of Canada, attend the Commonwealth Study Conference.
13–18 October Prince Michael of Kent Ontario To open new joint Windsor Armoury and Police training facility.
2005 17–25 May The Queen and The Duke of Edinburgh Alberta Saskatchewan Centenary of the entry of Saskatchewan and Alberta into Confederation.[8]
2006 11 May The Duke of York Ontario To celebrate the 10th anniversary of the Canadian Canoe Museum.[9]
1–9 June The Earl and Countess of Wessex Alberta British Columbia Ontario Saskatchewan To visit the Monarchist League of Canada, attend events for the Ontario Heritage Trust.
22 November The Countess of Wessex Ontario Visit Medical Discovery Tower at Toronto General Hospital and launch the Girls Programme at Verity Women's Club.[10]
2007 30 April – 5 May The Duke of York Nova Scotia Ontario
1–4 June The Princess Royal Saskatchewan Centenary of the Royal Regina Rifles, open the Royal Canadian Mounted Police Heritage Centre, attend a demonstration by the Parkland Therapeutic Riding Association, celebrate the 125th anniversary of the settlement of the Yorkton, attend Regina's Freedom of the City Parade, meet with First Nations elders, and attend Saskatchewan Youth Awards gala.[14]
26 June Prince Harry Alberta To train with Canadian Forces soldiers for a tour of duty in Afghanistan.[15][16]
2008 10–11 May The Duke of York Ontario To open a display at the Canadian Canoe Museum.
5–9 June The Earl of Wessex Manitoba Ontario To participate in a number of events on behalf of various charitable organizations.
2009 23–28 April The Duke of York Nova Scotia Ontario Quebec To participate in a number of events relating to the Princess Louise Fusiliers.
4–8 June The Earl and Countess of Wessex Alberta British Columbia To undertake duties relating to the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, Duke of Edinburgh's Award, South Alberta Light Horse, and open the Air Force Museum of Alberta.
6 September-3 October Prince Harry Alberta Private working visit for the purpose of participating in a military exercise.[17]
19 September Princess Beatrice of York and Princess Eugenie of York Ontario To accompany their mother, Sarah, Duchess of York, at the premiere of The Young Victoria at the Toronto International Film Festival.[18]
2–12 November The Prince of Wales and The Duchess of Cornwall British Columbia Newfoundland and Labrador Ontario Quebec

2010–2019

YearDatesPersonsLocationsReasons
2010 19–22 March[20] The Earl and Countess of Wessex British Columbia Attend events at the 2010 Winter Paralympics, meet with First Nations leaders and officers of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, and distribute The Duke of Edinburgh's Awards.
23–25 April[21] The Princess Royal Newfoundland and Labrador
18–22 April[22] The Earl and Countess of Wessex British Columbia Attend paralympic games.
25 April[23] Princess Alexandra Ontario Visit the Queen's Own Rifles of Canada
28 June–6 July[24][25] The Queen and the Duke of Edinburgh Manitoba Nova Scotia Ontario Celebrate the centenary of the Canadian navy, attend the Queen's Plate, open a new terminal at the Winnipeg James Armstrong Richardson International Airport, and lay the cornerstone of the Canadian Museum for Human Rights, amongst other events.
24 July[27] The Earl of Wessex Alberta
2011 30 June–8 July[28] The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge Northwest Territories Prince Edward Island Quebec Ontario Alberta Canada Day celebrations in Ottawa, meeting Slave Lake wildfire firefighters, Calgary Stampede opening ceremonies; the first royal tour for the couple.
11–24 July The Duke of York, Princess Beatrice, and Princess Eugenie of York Northwest Territories Private canoe trip and opening of North-Wright Airways float base and wilderness expedition support centre.[29][30]
25–27 July The Earl of Wessex Ontario Present the Duke of Edinburgh's Award as the trustee to recipients in Canada.[31]
23–24 November The Countess of Wessex Ontario Charitable work, attend Aboriginal culture celebration.[32][33]
2012 20–23 May[34] The Prince of Wales and the Duchess of Cornwall (now Charles III and Queen Camilla) New Brunswick Ontario Saskatchewan Diamond Jubilee of Elizabeth II
11–18 September[35] The Earl and Countess of Wessex Ontario Nunavut Meet with the Royal Victorian Order Association of Canada, attend Toronto International Film Festival, present colours to and lunch with the Lincoln and Welland Regiment, view trooping of the colour by the Royal Hamilton Light Infantry, visit Niagara College, Sainte-Marie among the Hurons, and Market Lane School, attend 2015 Pan American Games briefing, distribute The Duke of Edinburgh's Awards,[36] Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medals, and Royal Canadian Police Long Service Medals.[37]
14–19 September George and Sylvana Windsor, Earl and Countess of St Andrews Newfoundland and Labrador Attended a civic dinner and the launch of the Voices of Placentia Bay festival
19–21 October[38] Princess Alexandra British Columbia Centennial of the Canadian-Scottish Regiment.
2013 27 April The Duke of Edinburgh Ontario Present new regimental colours to 3rd Battalion, The Royal Canadian Regiment.[39]
16–19 May[40] The Duke of York British Columbia
23–26 October[41] The Princess Royal Ontario Attend a Duke of Edinburgh's Awards study conference, a reception at Queen's Park, visit CFB Kingston, visit the Royal Canadian Medical Service training centre at CFB Borden, and attend a 33 Signal Regiment dinner at the National Club.
1–2 November The Earl and Countess of Wessex Ontario Attend 50th anniversary of the foundation of The Duke of Edinburgh's Award in Canada,[42] attend presentation of accessibility symbol redesign awards.[43]
2014 18–21 May[44] The Prince of Wales and the Duchess of Cornwall Prince Edward Island Nova Scotia Manitoba Centennial of the start of the First World War, the 150th anniversary of the Charlottetown and Quebec City Conferences.
5 June[45] The Duke of York Ontario Present new battle honours to the Queen's York Rangers.
12–20 September[46][47] The Earl and Countess of Wessex British Columbia Saskatchewan Ontario Duke of Edinburgh Awards events, walk a portion of the Trans-Canada Trail, open a new library on the Ditidaht First Nation, community events on 'Namgis First Nation, reception with regional forest fire first responders, barbeque and regimental dinner with the Saskatchewan Dragoons Regiment, lunch with the Saskatchewan Consular Corps, inspect cadets at the Royal Canadian Mounted Police Depot, reception for community leaders.[48][49]
10–11 November[50] The Princess Royal and Sir Timothy Laurence Ontario Events marking 150th anniversary of Canadian Confederation.
2015 19–20 February The Princess Royal Quebec Present Duke of Edinburgh Awards to students,[51] visit McGill University in relation to role as President of the Emerging Leaders' Dialogue,[52] visit Santropol Roulant, visit the Royal Canadian Hussars as Colonel-in-Chief.[53]
26 October–3 November The Earl of Wessex Ontario Prince Edward Island Nova Scotia Newfoundland and Labrador 100th anniversary of Toronto Scottish Regiment, the Duke of Edinburgh's International Award, tour IWK Health Centre; event for community leaders and volunteers at Government House, Halifax.[54]
12–14 November The Countess of Wessex Ontario Tour First Nations services and cultural centre, tour Toronto General Hospital and Toronto Western Hospital, attend Royal Agricultural Winter Fair, meet with Lincoln and Welland Regiment,[55]
2016 2 May[56] Prince Harry Ontario Invictus Games
28 June–1 July[57] The Princess Royal Newfoundland and Labrador Mark Memorial Day and 100th anniversary of the Battle of the Somme,[57] visit Rainbow Riders therapeutic riding facility.[58]
24 September–1 October The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge, Prince George, and Princess Charlotte British Columbia Yukon
2017 29 June–1 July[59] The Prince of Wales and the Duchess of Cornwall Nunavut Ontario Canada's sesquicentennial celebration
22–30 September Prince Harry Ontario Invictus Games
2018 28 June The Princess Royal Ontario Spoke at Rotary International's international convention[60]
5–8 November Alberta
2019 23–28 May The Duke of York Nova Scotia Ontario Following a reception at the residence of Lieutenant Governor Arthur LeBlanc, the Duke took part in a military ceremony which involved the Princess Louise Fusiliers. He later met with entrepreneurs at the inaugural Canadian Pitch@Palace, an initiative founded by the Duke to support entrepreneurs.[61][62]
14–15 November The Countess of Wessex Ontario Attend events for the 100 Women in Finance Next Generation Initiative, The Duke of Edinburgh's Award, Awareness Foundation, and Toronto General and Western Hospitals.[63]

2020–

YearDatesPersonsLocationsReasons
2022 17–19 May[64] The Prince of Wales and the Duchess of Cornwall Newfoundland and Labrador Ontario Northwest Territories Platinum Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II
2023 24–27 April The Duke of Edinburgh Ontario British Columbia To attend The Duke of Edinburgh's International Award, events organized by the Office of the Lieutenant Governor of Ontario, Odd Squad Productions Society, Vancouver Club, and the York House School, as well as meetings and receptions with indigenous and youth representatives, as well as local council members from BC.[65]
13–14 May Prince Michael Ontario To present new regimental colours to the Essex and Kent Scottish.[66]
18–21 May The Princess Royal New Brunswick To mark the 125th anniversary of the founding of the 8th Canadian Hussars (Princess Louise's).[67]
3–4 June Alberta To attend the opening plenary session for The Duke of Edinburgh's Commonwealth Study Conference.[68]
3–8 November The Duchess of Edinburgh Ontario To attend the Duchess of Edinburgh military competition hosted by the Lincoln and Welland Regiment, a dinner in support of the Lincoln and Welland Regimental Foundation, a Remembrance Day service, and to visit three University Health Network sites.[69]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Department of Canadian Heritage. "Ceremonial and Canadian Symbols Promotion > Canadian Monarchy > Royal visits to Canada > Royal visits from 1786 to 1951". Queen's Printer for Canada. Retrieved 3 October 2009.
  2. ↑ Office of the Premier of Alberta. "Premier Ralph Klein > Royal Visit > The Visit > Theme". Queen's Printer for Alberta. Archived from the original on 7 October 2008. Retrieved 3 October 2009.
  3. ↑ "Prince Andrew honoured by Queen's York Rangers". CBC. 10 November 2000. Retrieved 9 October 2009.
  4. ↑ Royal Household. "Latest News and Diary > Past events (Court Circular) > Search the Court Circular > 3rd October 2000, The Duke of York". Queen's Printer. Retrieved 3 October 2009.
  5. ↑ "Prince Charles to tour Yukon's rustic beauty". CTV. 22 April 2001. Archived from the original on 5 March 2008. Retrieved 3 October 2009.
  6. ↑ "2001 Royal Visit". Canadian Heritage. Archived from the original on 19 April 2003.
  7. ↑ The Canadian Press (14 June 2003). "Prince Andrew delights Toronto monarchists". CTV. Archived from the original on 22 October 2003. Retrieved 3 October 2009.
  8. ↑ "2005 Royal Visit". Canadian Heritage. Archived from the original on 29 April 2006.
  9. ↑ Boland, Jack (12 May 2006). "Paddling into history". Canoe.
  10. ↑ "Court Circular: 22 November 2006". Queen's Printer. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
  11. ↑ "Prince Andrew to meet Halifax reservists". CBC. 30 April 2007. Retrieved 3 October 2009.
  12. ↑ Hurst, Jeff (1 May 2007). "Princely plans for Andrew". Cambridge Times. Archived from the original on 16 October 2007. Retrieved 3 October 2009.
  13. ↑ Dalton, Melinda (10 April 2007). "Cambridge set to host Royal visit in May" (PDF). The Record. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 September 2007. Retrieved 3 October 2009.
  14. ↑ "Princess Anne helps mark regimental centennial". CTV. 2 June 2007. Retrieved 3 October 2009.
  15. ↑ The Canadian Press (2 June 2007). "Prince Harry may be training in Alberta: reports". CTV. Retrieved 3 October 2009.
  16. ↑ Kennedy, Sarah; Fernandez, Pablo; Gilchrist, Emma (2 June 2007). "Prince Harry training in Alberta". Sun Media. Retrieved 3 October 2009.
  17. ↑ Government of Canada (24 March 2016). "Past Royal Tours". Archived from the original on 16 February 2017. Retrieved 2 May 2016.
  18. ↑ "TIFF Photo Galleries > The Young Victoria > Sarah Ferguson and Princess Eugenie of York". tribute.ca. 19 September 2009. Retrieved 16 September 2012.
  19. ↑ Department of Canadian Heritage, 2009 Royal Visit, archived from the original on 25 October 2009, retrieved 17 December 2009
  20. ↑ Prince Edward to attend Games
  21. ↑ "Princess Anne visit delayed by a day". Archived from the original on 4 February 2013. Retrieved 21 April 2010.
  22. ↑ Department of Canadian Heritage. "Topics > Monarchy in Canada > Royal Visits to Canada > The Earl and Countess of Wessex". Queen's Printer for Canada. Retrieved 15 December 2011.
  23. ↑ The Rifleman Online Archived 31 August 2010 at the Wayback Machine
  24. ↑ "Her Majesty The Queen and His Royal Highness The Duke of Edinburgh to Visit Canada in 2010". Governor General of Canada. 27 November 2009. Retrieved 6 December 2020.
  25. ↑ 2010 Royal Tour Official Website Archived 2 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine
  26. ↑ Royal tour to hit five Canadian cities
  27. ↑ Legacy Trail unveiled
  28. ↑ His Royal Highness Prince William and Miss Catherine Middleton to Undertake a Royal Tour of Canada
  29. ↑ "Prince Andrew marks 5th visit to N.W.T." CBC. 25 July 2011. Retrieved 25 July 2011.
  30. ↑ Rayner, Gordon (22 July 2011), "Prince Andrew gives up trade role", The Vancouver Sun, retrieved 25 July 2011
  31. ↑ "The Duke of Edinburgh's Award and TD Waterhouse Invest in Youth", Canadian News Wire, 27 July 2011, retrieved 22 May 2012
  32. ↑ Tobin, Anne-Marie (24 November 2011), "Centre announced to integrate research, education for kids with autism", Winnipeg Free Press, retrieved 15 December 2011
  33. ↑ Talaga, Tanya (24 November 2011), "Royal visit to Queen's Park sparks curtsying conundrum", Toronto Star, retrieved 15 December 2011
  34. ↑ "Charles, Camilla return to Canada for Queen's jubilee, William and Kate head to Tuvalu". National Post. 14 December 2011. Retrieved 15 December 2011.
  35. ↑ "Royals to visit Ontario, Iqaluit". CBC. 5 September 2012. Archived from the original on 4 January 2013. Retrieved 7 September 2012.
  36. ↑ Office of the Lieutenant Governor of Ontario (11 September 2012). "Lieutenant Governor of Ontario announces Ontario portion of working visit of Their Royal Highnesses, the Earl and Countess of Wessex". Canada Newswire. Retrieved 16 September 2012.
  37. ↑ "Royals commend RCMP officers in Iqaluit". CBC. 13 September 2012. Retrieved 16 September 2012.
  38. ↑ "Queen's cousin graces regiment's centennial bash", Times Colonist, 7 September 2012, retrieved 7 September 2012
  39. ↑ Canadian Press (27 February 2013), "Prince Philip to make private military visit to Toronto", National Post, retrieved 1 March 2013
  40. ↑ O'Neil, Peter (28 February 2013), "Prince Andrew adds royal glitz as B.C. opens trade and investment office in London", The Vancouver Sun, retrieved 1 March 2013
  41. ↑ Blizzard, Christina (27 September 2013), "Princess Anne to visit Toronto on regiments tour", The Toronto Sun, retrieved 20 October 2013
  42. ↑ "A Royal Gala". The Duke of Edinburgh's Award. Archived from the original on 3 November 2013. Retrieved 31 October 2013.
  43. ↑ Office of the Lieutenant Governor of Ontario. "Lieutenant Governor to present accessibility symbol redesign awards in company of The Countess of Wessex". Scribd. Retrieved 1 November 2013.
  44. ↑ Office of the Prime Minister (16 January 2014). "PM Welcomes 2014 Royal Tour by Their Royal Highnesses the Prince of Wales and the Duchess of Cornwall". Queen's Printer for Canada. Archived from the original on 27 February 2014. Retrieved 20 February 2014.
  45. ↑ "Queen's York Rangers Celebrate New Battle Honours". Global Newswire. 15 May 2014. Retrieved 20 May 2014.
  46. ↑ "Prince Edward and Sophie, countess of Wessex, begin B.C. tour". CBC. 12 September 2014. Retrieved 14 September 2014.
  47. ↑ McCulloch, Sandra (7 August 2014). "Prince Edward coming to Victoria to honour B.C. youth". Times Colonist. Retrieved 14 September 2014.
  48. ↑ Royal Household. "Court Circular". Queen's Printer. Retrieved 17 September 2014.
  49. ↑ "Royal Okanagan visit". The Daily Courier. Retrieved 17 September 2014.
  50. ↑ "Princess Anne to visit Canada in November". CTV News. 9 September 2014. Retrieved 14 September 2014.
  51. ↑ Sutherland, Anne (19 February 2015). "Princess Anne bestows Duke of Edinburgh Awards at LCC". Montreal Gazette. Retrieved 21 February 2015.
  52. ↑ Thurston, Meaghan (19 February 2015). "HRH The Princess Royal visits McGill". McGill Reporter. Retrieved 21 February 2015.
  53. ↑ "Princess Anne visits Montreal to celebrate Canadian leadership initiatives". Canada Newswire. 20 February 2015. Retrieved 21 February 2015.
  54. ↑ Office of the Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia (13 October 2015), Prince Edward to Visit Nova Scotia in November, Queen's Printer for Nova Scotia, retrieved 26 October 2015
  55. ↑ Office of the Lieutenant Governor of Ontario (11 November 2015). "Lieutenant Governor to accompany The Countess of Wessex during working visit to Ontario". Queen's Printer for Ontario. Retrieved 11 November 2015.
  56. ↑ Office of the Prime Minister (16 January 2014). "PM Welcomes 2014 Royal Tour by Their Royal Highnesses the Prince of Wales and the Duchess of Cornwall". Queen's Printer for Canada. Archived from the original on 27 February 2014. Retrieved 20 February 2014.
  57. 1 2 "Princess Anne to Tour Province in Lead Up to Beaumont Hamel". VOCM. 27 June 2016. Archived from the original on 2 July 2016. Retrieved 13 July 2016.
  58. ↑ "Princess Anne visits Rainbow Riders in St. John's". CBC. 30 June 2016. Retrieved 13 July 2016.
  59. ↑ Office of the Governor General of Canada (18 April 2017). "Royal Tour 2017". Queen's Printer for Canada. Retrieved 18 April 2017.
  60. ↑ Ward, Fiona (25 June 2018). "Queen of official duties! Princess Anne just flew to Toronto and was back on the same day". Hello! Canada. Retrieved 29 May 2019.
  61. ↑ "Prince Andrew arrives in Halifax for brief, private working visit". CTV News. 23 May 2019. Retrieved 29 May 2019.
  62. ↑ "Budding Canadian entrepreneurs to pitch ideas to the Duke of York". CTV News. 25 May 2019. Retrieved 29 May 2019.
  63. ↑ "Court Circular". Queen's Printer. 15 November 2019. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
  64. ↑ Aiello, Rachel (26 April 2022). "Royal tour of Canada: Prince Charles and Camilla's itinerary revealed". CTV News. Retrieved 12 May 2022.
  65. ↑ "The Royal Week 22-28 April 2023". The Royal Household. 28 April 2023. Retrieved 29 April 2023.
  66. ↑ MacLeod, Brian (14 May 2023). "Essex and Kent Scottish receives new regimental colours". Windsor Star. Retrieved 17 May 2023.
  67. ↑ MacIsaac, Alex (25 April 2023), Princess Anne to visit New Brunswick in celebration of 175th military anniversary, CTV News, retrieved 29 April 2023
  68. ↑ "The Royal Week 3-9 June 2023". www.royal.uk. The Royal Household. 9 June 2023. Retrieved 9 June 2023.
  69. ↑ "The Duchess of Edinburgh visits Canada". www.royal.uk. The Royal Household. 30 October 2023. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
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