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All 73 elected seats in the Legislative Assembly 37 seats needed for a majority | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Registered | 1,124,598 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Turnout | 66.61% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The 2020 Sabah state election took place on 26 September 2020[1] to elect all 73 elected members of the 16th Sabah State Legislative Assembly. The previous Assembly was dissolved on 30 July 2020.[2]
The state snap election was called prematurely after a political crisis arose. Both Shafie Apdal, incumbent Chief Minister and leader of Sabah Heritage Party (WARISAN) and Pakatan Harapan (PH) coalition government and Musa Aman, leader of Perikatan Nasional (PN) and Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition opposition claimed to have the majority to form the government. However, the Governor of Sabah, Juhar Mahiruddin decided to dissolve the State Legislative Assembly on the advice of Shafie.[3]
The state election was conducted under the New Normal and special standard operating procedures (SOP) imposed by the Electoral Commission (EC) as the country is still observing the Recovery Movement Control Order (RMCO) due to COVID-19 pandemic.[4]
Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) coalition won the election with a simple majority of 38 seats. Hajiji Noor from BERSATU–PN was sworn in as Chief Minister 3 days later. The alliance of Perikatan Nasional with 17 seats, Barisan Nasional with 14 seats, and PBS with 7 seats made GRS the biggest electoral coalition in Sabah since September 2020.
This was the first Sabah state election not held on the same day as the Malaysia general election since 1999, when Sabah held its election on March that year as opposed to the general election date in November 1999.
Background
The 14th general election witnessed 29 seats from the government side and 31 seats from the non-government side filled the State Legislative Assembly. This count, however, did not include six seats from United Progressive Kinabalu Organisation (UPKO) and four from UMNO that switched allegiance from Musa to Shafie. The government side has 11 safe seats and four fairly safe seats, while the non-government side has two safe seats and fivefairly safe seats.
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Constituencies
13 new seats are added into the existing 60 state constituencies as a result of redelineation of Sabah state constituencies approved by the Dewan Rakyat on 17 July 2019.[5] The new seats are Bengkoka, Bandau, Pintasan, Pantai Dalit, Darau, Tanjung Keramat, Limbahau, Tulid, Telupid, Sungai Manila, Lamag, Segama and Kukusan.
2020 Sabah state election constituencies | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Departing incumbents
The following members of the 15th State Legislative Assembly did not participate in this election.
| No. | State Constituency | Departing MLA | Party | Date confirmed | First elected | Reason |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N03 | Pitas | Bolkiah Ismail | IND | 12 September 2020 | 2008 | Not seeking re-election |
| N10 | Usukan | Japlin Akim | PN (BERSATU) | 10 September 2020 | 2018 | No nomination by the party |
| N23 | Petagas | Uda Sulai | WARISAN | 10 September 2020[9] | 2018 | Not chosen by the party |
| N26 | Moyog | Jennifer Lasimbang | WARISAN | 10 September 2020[9] | 2018 | Not chosen by the party |
| N29 | Pantai Manis | Aidi Moktar | WARISAN | 10 September 2020[9] | 2018 | Not chosen by the party |
| N34 | Lumadan | Matbali Musah | PN (BERSATU) | 10 September 2020 | 2018 | No nomination by the party |
| N46 | Nabawan | Bobbey Ah Fang Suan | PN (BERSATU) | 10 September 2020 | 2004 | No nomination by the party |
| N52 | Sungai Sibuga | Musa Aman | BN (UMNO) | 10 September 2020 | 1994 | No nomination by the party |
| N53 | Sekong | Arifin Asgali | WARISAN | 10 September 2020[9] | 2018 | Not chosen by the party |
| N67 | Balung | Osman Jamal | IND | 12 September 2020 | 2018 | Not seeking re-election |
| N69 | Sri Tanjong | Jimmy Wong Sze Phin | PH (DAP) | 10 September 2020 | 2018 | Not chosen by the party |
| N71 | Tanjong Batu | Hamisa Samat | IND | 12 September 2020 | 2008 | Not seeking re-election |
Opinion polls
The following table shows recent opinion polling from last two weeks.
| Institute | Date | Warisan Plus (WARISAN) | Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) | Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SEEDS Sabah[10] | 25 September 2020 | 40.7% | 43.4% | 15.9% |
| Sabah state election, 2018 | 9 May 2018 | 45.93% | 46.13% | 7.94% |
Results
| Gabungan Rakyat Sabah government (41) | Warisan-led opposition (32)* | |||||||
| 17 | 7 | 14 | 3 | 8 | 23 | |||
| Perikatan Nasional | PBS | Barisan Nasional | Other | Pakatan Harapan | WARISAN | |||
| 11 | 6 | 7 | 14 | 3 | 6 | 23 | ||
| BERSATU | STAR | PBS | UMNO | DAP | WARISAN | |||
| Sabah State Legislative Assembly, 26 September 2020 (73 seats) | ||||||||
Summary
Seats that changed allegiance
Election pendulum
The 14th general election witnessed 29 seats from the government side and 31 seats from the non-government side filled the State Legislative Assembly. This count, however, did not include 6 seats from United Progressive Kinabalu Organisation (UPKO) and 4 from United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) that switched allegiance from Musa to Shafie. The government side has 11 safe seats and 4 fairly safe seats, while the non-government side has 2 safe seats and 5 fairly safe seats.
| GOVERNMENT SEATS | |||
| Marginal | |||
| Bengkoka | Harun Durabi | UMNO | 31.98 |
| Pintasan | Fairuz Renddan | BERSATU | 33.31 |
| Kundasang | Dr. Joachim Gunsalam | PBS | 43.35 |
| Tulid | Flovia Ng | STAR | 33.45 |
| Lumadan | Ruslan Muharam | PBS | 34.55 |
| Paginatan | Abidin Madingkir | STAR | 35.65 |
| Tandek | Hendrus Anding | PBS | 36.87 |
| Kemabong | Rubin Balang | IND | 38.48 |
| Matunggong | Julita Majungki | PBS | 39.09 |
| Kuamut | Masiung Banah | IND | 39.11 |
| Liawan | Annuar Ayub Aman | STAR | 39.12 |
| Pitas | Ruddy Awah | IND | 40.14 |
| Telupid | Johnnybone J. Kurum | PBS | 42.29 |
| Karambunai | Yakubah Khan | UMNO | 42.86 |
| Balung | Hamid Awang | UMNO | 44.51 |
| Tempasuk | Mohd. Arsad Bistari | UMNO | 45.35 |
| Labuk | Samad Jambri | BERSATU | 46.11 |
| Sook | Ellron Alfred Angin | STAR | 46.71 |
| Pantai Manis | Tamin @ Mohd. Tamin Zainal | UMNO | 49.56 |
| Kuala Penyu | Limus Jury | BERSATU | 49.56 |
| Tanjung Keramat | Shahelmey Yahya | UMNO | 51.75 |
| Kiulu | Joniston Lumai @ Bangkuai | PBS | 51.93 |
| Sungai Sibuga | Mohamad Hamsan Awang Supian | UMNO | 52.70 |
| Lamag | Bung Moktar Radin | UMNO | 54.06 |
| Sungai Manila | Mokran Ingkat | UMNO | 55.61 |
| Sukau | Jafry Ariffin | UMNO | 55.67 |
| Nabawan | Abdul Ghani Mohamed Yassin | BERSATU | 55.94 |
| Fairly safe | |||
| Sugut | James Ratib | UMNO | 57.88 |
| Apas | Nizam Abu Bakar Titingan | BERSATU | 58.30 |
| Tamparuli | Jahid Jahim | PBS | 59.26 |
| Klias | Isnin Aliasnih | BERSATU | 59.90 |
| Safe | |||
| Bandau | Mohd. Fikri Bahanda | BERSATU | 60.41 |
| Membakut | Mohd. Arifin Mohd. Arif | BERSATU | 60.70 |
| Tanjung Batu | Andi Muhammad Suryady Bandy | UMNO | 62.08 |
| Pantai Dalit | Jasnih Daya | UMNO | 62.73 |
| Usukan | Salleh Said Keruak | UMNO | 65.28 |
| Sulaman | Hajiji Mohd. Noor | BERSATU | 65.83 |
| Bingkor | Robert Tawik @ Nordin | STAR | 67.04 |
| Kawang | Ghulamhaidar Khan Bahadar | BERSATU | 71.24 |
| Karanaan | Masidi Manjun | BERSATU | 73.70 |
| Tambunan | Dr. Jeffrey G. Kitingan | STAR | 75.21 |
| NON-GOVERNMENT SEATS | |||
| Marginal | |||
| Gum-Gum | Arunarsin Taib | WARISAN | 39.21 |
| Bongawan | Daud Yusof | WARISAN | 42.26 |
| Kukusan | Rina Jainal | WARISAN | 42.53 |
| Sebatik | Hassan A. Gani Pg. Amir | WARISAN | 44.58 |
| Petagas | Awang Ahmad Sah Awang Sahari | WARISAN | 45.49 |
| Banggi | Mohammad Mohamarin | WARISAN | 45.89 |
| Merotai | Sarifuddin Hata | WARISAN | 47.83 |
| Kunak | Norazlinah Arif | WARISAN | 48.65 |
| Darau | Azhar Matussin | WARISAN | 48.67 |
| Sindumin | Dr. Yusof Yacob | WARISAN | 48.96 |
| Tungku | Assaffal P. Alian | WARISAN | 49.15 |
| Tanjong Kapor | Ben Chong Chen Bin | WARISAN | 49.84 |
| Melalap | Peter Anthony | WARISAN | 50.18 |
| Inanam | Peto Galim | PKR | 50.92 |
| Kadamaian | Ewon Benedick | UPKO | 51.07 |
| Segama | Mohamaddin Ketapi | WARISAN | 52.41 |
| Sekong | Alias Sani | WARISAN | 55.07 |
| Silam | Dumi Pg. Masdal | WARISAN | 55.40 |
| Fairly safe | |||
| Limbahau | Juil Nuatim | WARISAN | 57.12 |
| Karamunting | George Hiew Vun Zin | WARISAN | 58.76 |
| Safe | |||
| Tanjong Aru | Junz Wong Hong Jun | WARISAN | 60.34 |
| Moyog | Ignatius Darell Leiking | WARISAN | 62.83 |
| Api-Api | Christina Liew Chin Jin | PKR | 67.80 |
| Tanjong Papat | Frankie Poon Ming Fung | DAP | 68.00 |
| Sulabayan | Jaujan Sambakong | WARISAN | 69.04 |
| Elopura | Calvin Chong Ket Kiun | DAP | 73.61 |
| Bugaya | Manis Muka Mohd. Darah | WARISAN | 74.44 |
| Sri Tanjong | Justin Wong Yung Bin | DAP | 76.58 |
| Senallang | Mohd. Shafie Apdal | WARISAN | 77.16 |
| Kapayan | Jannie Lasimbang | DAP | 77.40 |
| Likas | Tan Lee Fatt | DAP | 86.33 |
| Luyang | Phoong Jin Zhe | DAP | 90.56 |
Aftermath
The GRS governing coalition formed in September 2020 after the victory consists of
- United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) (14) :Barisan National Party seat – Won 14 seats
- Malaysian United Indigenous Party (BERSATU) (11), Homeland Solidarity Party (STAR) (6) : Perikatan Nasional – Won 17 seats
- With support from United Sabah Party (PBS) (7).
Warisan saw a gain of 2 more seats from its previous 21 seats in the 2018 election. While its ally PKR and DAP retained their number of seats with 2 and 6 respectively. Warisan also made history by becoming the first and only single party in Sabah to not govern the state despite winning the most seats overall.
On the other side, STAR, led by Jeffrey Kitingan won 6 seats compared to 2 in the previous election, with most of the seats won hailing from the interior of Sabah which is dominated by the Kadazan-Dusun-Murut (KDM) community. UPKO, even though representing the KDM community, managed only 1 seat in this election, a loss from 6 seats in the previous election.
PPBM or Bersatu, despite being a Malay-based party from West Malaysia and contesting in Sabah for the first time, won 11 seats.
The elected assemblywoman for Bugaya, Manis Muka Mohd Darah from WARISAN later passed away in November 2020, triggering a by-election which was not held until November 2022, concurrently with the 2022 Malaysian general election. A few elected assemblymen also changed parties after the election; see List of seats that changed allegiance in Sabah after state election 2020.
COVID-19 pandemic
Following the Sabah state government's announcement on 9 August that the state election would be held on 26 September, several members of the public and democracy observers urged local authorities to consider postal voting due to the ongoing pandemic and in order to reduce virus transmissions during the election.[12][13] On 21 August, the High Court dismissed an appeal by 33 Sabah assemblymen against Governor Juhar Mahiruddin's consent for the dissolution of Sabah's legislative assembly, allowing the state election to go ahead.[14][15] On 11 September, the Federal Court dismissed Datuk Jahid Noordin Jahim's appeal to stop the election, allowing nominations to proceed the following day.[16]
The return of voters and politicians from Sabah to Peninsular Malaysia has caused a significant influx of COVID-19 cases in Malaysia. Daily reported cases increased to three digit numbers. Several of these ministers and politicians had reportedly not complied with standard procedures around COVID-19.[17][18][19] On 14 October, the Federal Government announced the implementation of a Conditional Movement Control Order in Selangor, Putrajaya and Kuala Lumpur due to the rising number of cases.[20][21]
Effects of the 2022 general election
Following the results of the Malaysian general election in November 2022, and the formation of government consisting of the alliance between Pakatan Harapan and Barisan Nasional, GRS announced their inclusion into the alliance (despite GRS members Bersatu, SAPP and STAR aligning with Perikatan Nasional at the time), and signed a cooperation agreement with other parties involved on 16 December 2022.[22] On 10 December 2022, MLAs and MPs from Bersatu Sabah announced they will quit the party and become direct member of GRS, in line of the coalition at federal level.[23][24] On 17 December 2022, GRS officially expelled Bersatu from the coalition.[25] STAR, another member party of both GRS and PN, announced its exit from PN on 5 December 2022.[26] SAPP is the only member party of both GRS and PN as of December 2022.[27]
Aside from the change above, the status quo is not changed for the government in Sabah. Even though PH and WARISAN is allied with GRS at federal level, they are still opposition to the GRS-led administration at state level.[28]
2023 political crisis
The 2023 Sabah political crisis or widely reported on local media as Langkah Kinabalu or the Kinabalu Move, began on 6 January 2023, when the state government of Sabah led by Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) collapsed when its coalition party Barisan Nasional (BN) withdrew its support.[29] The Leader of UMNO Sabah, a component party of BN, Bung Moktar Radin, Kinabatangan Member of Parliament (MP) and Lamag Assemblyman, cited a lack of confidence in the leadership of Chief Minister of Sabah Hajiji Noor in the withdrawal. UMNO Sabah want to change support from supporting GRS coalition to supporting the WARISAN Plus coalition.[30] On 9 January, both Malaysian leaders, prime minister Anwar Ibrahim and deputy prime minister Ahmad Zahid Hamidi travelled to Kota Kinabalu to meet with Sabah political leaders.[31] This crisis resulted in the approval of the Anti-Switching Parties Law in Sabah (approved in 25 May 2023).[32]
As of 6 February, there have been no changes in the status quo regarding the government of Sabah, following the decision of 5 UMNO MLAs who publicly supported Hajiji despite Bung's decision, and a reshuffle of the state cabinet on 11 January as a result.[33] As of 25 May 2023, Sabah State Legislative Assembly finally approved the Anti-Switching Parties Law (Anti-frogs habit).[34]See also
Notes
- ↑ Combined result of Barisan Nasional (excluding UPKO, which left BN and allied with Warisan between elections; Gerakan, which did not contest the election; and LDP, which also left BN and contested independently; 24 seats, 34.92%), STAR (2 seats, 4.59%) and SAPP (0 seats, 0.57%) in the last election. This was Bersatu's first election in Sabah.
- ↑ Combined result of Warisan (21 seats, 31.30%), Pakatan Harapan (8 seats, 14.63%) and UPKO (5 seats, 3.85%) in the last election. UPKO left BN and allied with Warisan in between elections.
References
- ↑ "Shafie: Fresh polls within 60 days, voters can decide between Musa and me". Malaysiakini. 30 July 2020. Retrieved 30 July 2020.
- ↑ Sabah e-Gazette
- ↑ "Snap polls called for Sabah as Shafie dissolves state assembly". Malay Mail. 30 July 2020. Retrieved 30 July 2020.
- ↑ "Sabah to face snap polls within 60 days after state assembly is dissolved". The Straits Times. 30 July 2020. Retrieved 30 July 2020.
- ↑ "Sabah dapat 13 kerusi tambahan DUN". Borneo Today (in Malay). 17 July 2019.
- ↑ Pilihan Raya Umun Dun Sabah Ke-16(Pru Dun Sabah Ke-16) (Report) (in Malay). Suruhanjaya Pilihanraya Malaysia. Retrieved 2 October 2019.
- ↑ Laporan Kajian Semula Persempadanan Mengenai Syor-Syor Yang Dicadangkan bagi Bahagian-Bahagian Pilihan Raya Persekutuan dan Negeri Di Dalam Negeri Sabah Kali Keenam Tahun 2017 (PDF) (Report) (in Malay). Suruhanjaya Pilihanraya Malaysia. Retrieved 2 October 2019.
- ↑ "Sabah COVID-19 Outbreak". Google My Maps. Retrieved 28 November 2022.
- 1 2 3 4 Tong, Geraldine (10 September 2020). "Lima wakil rakyat Warisan digugurkan untuk beri laluan muka baru". Malaysiakini. Retrieved 26 September 2020.
- ↑ "Society Empowerment and Economic Development of Sabah – SEEDS on Facebook". Facebook. Archived from the original on 27 April 2022.
- ↑ "Dashboard SPR – Pilihan Raya Umum DUN Sabah ke-16". Suruhanjaya Pilihan Raya Malaysia (in Malay). Archived from the original on 23 November 2021. Retrieved 25 September 2020.
- ↑ Sukumaran, Tashny (9 August 2020). "Malaysia's Sabah state urged to consider postal voting for election due to coronavirus". South China Morning Post. Archived from the original on 16 September 2020. Retrieved 16 September 2020.
- ↑ "Sabah State Election on Sept 26". New Sarawak Tribune. Bernama. 17 August 2020. Archived from the original on 16 September 2020. Retrieved 16 September 2020.
- ↑ Fong, Durie (21 August 2020). "Court dismisses reps' bid to stop Sabah election". Free Malaysia Today. Archived from the original on 17 October 2020. Retrieved 17 October 2020.
- ↑ "Election is on: Court dismisses appeal over Sabah state assembly dissolution". New Straits Times. Bernama. 9 September 2020. Archived from the original on 9 September 2020. Retrieved 17 October 2020.
- ↑ "Apex court dismisses bid to stop Sabah election (updated)". The Star. 11 September 2020. Archived from the original on 17 October 2020. Retrieved 17 October 2020.
- ↑ "Mitigating a Covid-19 spike during the Sabah state election". The Star. 25 September 2020. Archived from the original on 27 September 2020. Retrieved 17 October 2020.
- ↑ "Coronavirus Malaysia: PM blames Sabah election as among causes of huge infection surge". South China Morning Post. 6 October 2020. Archived from the original on 13 October 2020. Retrieved 17 October 2020.
- ↑ Walden, Max (14 January 2021). "Malaysia, once praised by the WHO as "united" against COVID, has gone back into lockdown". ABC News. Archived from the original on 14 January 2021. Retrieved 14 January 2021.
- ↑ Mahpar, Nora (14 October 2020). "96 roadblocks set up across Klang Valley as CMCO takes effect". Free Malaysia Today. Archived from the original on 14 October 2020. Retrieved 14 October 2020.
- ↑ Zahid, Syed; Aizat, Shahrin; Adam, Ashman (14 October 2020). "CMCO brings lull to Klang Valley roads as public heeds call to limit travel". Malay Mail. Archived from the original on 14 October 2020. Retrieved 14 October 2020.
- ↑ Bernama (16 December 2022). "Parties in Unity Govt seal cooperation agreement to ensure political stability". The Edge Markets. Retrieved 29 December 2022.
- ↑ Bernama (10 December 2022). "Bersatu Sabah leaders to leave party, remain under GRS, says Hajiji". The Edge Markets. Retrieved 29 December 2022.
- ↑ Tracy Bui (18 December 2022). "GRS stronger now as a fully-local party, says analyst". Free Malaysia Today. Retrieved 29 December 2022.
- ↑ Olivia Miwil (17 December 2022). "GRS dumps Bersatu". nst.com.my. New Straits Times. Retrieved 29 December 2022.
- ↑ Stephanie Lee (5 December 2022). "Sabah STAR quits Perikatan". The Star (Malaysia). Retrieved 29 December 2022.
- ↑ FMT Reporters (26 November 2022). "SAPP sticks with PN, endorses support for unity govt". Free Malaysia Today. Retrieved 29 December 2022.
- ↑ Olivia Miwil (25 November 2022). "Sabah PH will support GRS-BN govt until term ends in 2025". New Straits Times. Retrieved 29 December 2022.
- ↑ Kamil, Asyraf (9 January 2023). "CNA Explains: What the Sabah political impasse means for federal politics". CNA. Retrieved 10 January 2023.
- ↑ "New political crisis in Malaysia as Sabah government falls after Umno exits". South China Morning Post. 7 January 2023. Retrieved 10 January 2023.
- ↑ Fong, Durie Rainer; Vanar, Muguntan; Lee, Stephanie (9 January 2023). "Anwar arrives in KK to resolve Sabah's political crisis". The Star. Retrieved 10 January 2023.
- ↑ "Sabah's history of party hopping has ended, says Hajiji". The Star News. 25 May 2023. Retrieved 25 May 2023.
- ↑ "Sabah chief minister Hajiji reshuffles Cabinet, drops UMNO state chief Bung Moktar". CNA. 11 January 2023. Retrieved 6 February 2023.
- ↑ "Sabah's history of party hopping has ended, says Hajiji". The Star News. 25 May 2023. Retrieved 25 May 2023.
| Overall results | |
|---|---|
| Johor | |
| Kedah | |
| Kelantan | |
| Malacca | |
| Negeri Sembilan | |
| Pahang | |
| Penang | |
| Perak | |
| Perlis | |
| Sabah | |
| Sarawak | |
| Selangor | |
| Terengganu | |
| Singapore | |
| Federal | |
|---|---|
| State | |
| Local | |
| |