Sarmatia or Sarmatian may refer to:
- Sarmatia, the land of the Sarmatians in eastern Europe, ancient Iranian peoples closely related to the Scythians
- Sarmatia Asiatica and Sarmatia Europea, geographical differentiation of the above
- Sarmatian language, an Eastern Iranian language
- Sarmatia (moth), a genus of moths in the family Erebidae
- Sarmatian (age), an age in the geologic timescale of Central Europe and Central Asia
- Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
- Sarmatism, the lifestyle of the aristocracy of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
- Sarmatism (pseudohistory), claims of Lithuanian descent from eastern Europe
- Sarmatian Review, a peer reviewed academic journal
- Sarmatian Craton, in geology the southern segment/region of the East European Craton
See also
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