Twelve Spanish ships of the Spanish Navy have borne the name Castilla, after the region of Castilla:

• Castilla (1628), patache in the Royal Navy of Flanders
• Castilla (1728), corvette, 12 guns
• Castilla (1730), ship of the line, 62 guns, launched in 1729 in Guarnizo, commissioned on 11 January 1730, scrapped in 1736 in Havana
• Castilla (1738), ship of the line, 60 guns, launched in 1737 in Havana, sunk in Veracruz by a storm in 1751
• Castilla (1751), ship of the line, 64 guns, constructed in Guarnizo, sunk on 30 September 1769 by a storm near Veracruz
• Castilla (1780), ship of the line, 58 guns, constructed in Ferrol, prison ship for French in 1808, burned by French in 1810 in Cádiz
• Reino de Castilla, first steam ship in the Spanish Navy, built at Ditchburn & Mare (London) in 1846
• Castilla (1842), ex Moctezuma, constructed at Green & Wigram (London) in 1842, first steamer to cross the Atlantic West–East in 1848
• Spanish cruiser Castilla, Aragon-class unprotected cruiser of the Spanish Navy that fought in the Battle of Manila Bay on 1 May 1898 during the Spanish–American War
• Castilla (TA-21), ex USS Achernar (AKA-53)
• Castilla (L-21), ex USS Paul Revere (APA-248)
• Spanish ship Castilla (L52), Galicia-class LPD