Saint

Guillaume de Donjeon

O.Cist.
Archbishop of Bourges
Saint William of Bourges. Engraving by Fritz Dinger after Andreas Johann Jacob Müller
ChurchRoman Catholic Church
ArchdioceseBourges
SeeBourges
Appointed23 November 1200
Installed1201
Term ended10 January 1209
PredecessorHenri de Sully
SuccessorGirad de Cros
Orders
Consecrationc. 1201
Personal details
Born
Guillaume de Donjeon

c. 1140[1]
Nevers, Kingdom of France
Died10 January 1209 (aged 59)
Bourges, Kingdom of France
Sainthood
Feast day10 January
Venerated inRoman Catholic Church
Canonized17 May 1218
by Pope Honorius III
Attributes
  • Episcopal attire
  • Cistercian habit
Patronage

Guillaume de Donjeon (c. 1140 – 10 January 1209) was a French Roman Catholic prelate who served as the Archbishop of Bourges from 1200 until his death. He served as a canon in Soissons and Paris before he entered the Order of Grandmont. Sometime later he entered the Cistercians. He was known to practice austerities such as abstaining from meat and wearing a hair shirt.

He was also known for his deep devotion to the Blessed Sacrament and for his conversion of sinners. He oversaw the construction of the new archdiocesan cathedral that his predecessor had authorized and in which he himself would be buried. It had been claimed that he performed eighteen miracles in life and a further eighteen in death.

His canonization was celebrated under Pope Honorius III in 1218 and he was named as the patron saint for the Parisian college.

Life

Guillaume de Donjeon was born about 1140 at the castle of Arthel near Nevers, into the ancient family of the Counts of Nevers. He was one of eight children born to Baudoin de Corbeil and Eustachia de Châtillon.[2] His father planned for him to become a soldier but Guillaume chose the ecclesial path.[3] His siblings were: Baudoin, Regnault (d. 1208), Ferry (d. 1174), Baudoin (d. 1226), Pierre (d. 1222), Guy, and Eustachia.

The Soissons archdeacon Pierre - his maternal uncle - oversaw his education. He became a canon in Soissons and later in Paris. It was sometime later that he resolved to abandon the world and enter into the Order of Grandmont.[4] He was content with this decision and lived amongst them for a period of time while practicing great austerities but in 1167 once he saw the dissensions occurring amongst members of the order, decided to enter the Cistercians.[2] He assumed the habit at Pontigny Abbey in northern France, where he was soon chosen prior. In 1184 he became the abbot of Fontaine-Jean Abbey near Sens and later of Chaalis Abbey near Senlis from 1187 until 1200.[3]

He fostered a deep and special devotion to the Blessed Sacrament and loved to spend much of his time at the foot of the altar contemplating it. In 1200 the Bourges priests gathered and elected him to be the new Archbishop of Bourges.[3] The news quite overwhelmed him with grief but a stern command from his order's general could move him to accept that honor. Even Pope Innocent III prompted him to accept the appointment. He continued his austerities in his episcopal career to the point where he abstained from meat and wore a hair shirt.[2]

The bishop proved to be instrumental in the ongoing construction of the Gothic Cathedral of Saint Stephen which his predecessor had commenced earlier in 1195.[4] The lower half of the cathedral was completed and around December 1208 the choir was almost finished at which time he was able to celebrate the Christmas Mass. The poor and sick were never forgotten for the bishop visited them on frequent occasions while he also ministered to the imprisoned. He also defended clerical rights against state intervention.[3] He once incurred wrath from King Philip II when the bishop enacted an interdict from Innocent III against him for having divorced his wife.[2]

He began preparations for a mission among the Albigensians when he died just after midnight kneeling at the altar in contemplation and meditation in 1209.[4] In his last will and testament he requested to be buried with his hair shirt and on ashes. There were people who claimed he performed eighteen miracles in his life and that he had performed a further eighteen after his death.[3]

Sainthood

His canonization was celebrated under Pope Honorius III on 17 May 1218; the late bishop is considered to be the patron saint for the University of Paris.

References

  1. ↑ Merton, Thomas. "Saint William, Archbishop of Bourges, France", In the Valley of Wormwood: Cistercian Blessed and Saints of the Golden Age, Liturgical Press, 2013,ISBN 9780879077587
  2. 1 2 3 4 "William of Bourges, St". Encyclopedia.com. 2003. Retrieved 8 October 2017.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 "Saint William of Bourges". Saints SQPN. 11 January 2017. Retrieved 8 October 2017.
  4. 1 2 3 "Saint William, Archbishop of Bourges". Traditional Catholic. Retrieved 8 October 2017.
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