The congresses of the federal entities of Mexico are the depositary bodies of the legislative power in the thirty-one states and Mexico City. Conformed as unicameral assemblies, they are composed of deputies elected under the principles of relative majority and by proportional representation, in accordance with the specific regulations of local laws, but following the general bases of the federal constitution. All states, including Mexico City, use the presidential system form of government.
Its members are elected by universal vote under the two principles already mentioned; the former directly and the others according to the multi-member list system established by federal law. The term of office is three years with the option of immediate reelection, as long as it is representing the party or coalition that originally nominated the deputy.
For each titular deputy, an alternate is elected; This being the one who will make up for the temporary or permanent absences of his running mate. Its characteristics and general bases are supported by section II of article 116 of the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States.
The legislative powers and capacities of these institutions are framed in those policies in which the states are autonomous (internal regime, budget, income, social development, public security, prosecution and administration of justice) that are not contemplated in the federal order and that are not exclusively awarded to the Congress of the Union, so that each state has their own legislature whereby laws affecting the state are made.[1]
List of congresses
| Congress | Deputies | Creation date | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plurality | P. r. | Total | |||
 |
Congress of Aguascalientes | 18 (67%) | 9 (33%) | 27 | November 8, 1846 |
 |
Congress of Baja California | 17 (68%) | 8 (32%) | 25 | November 30, 1953 |
 |
Congress of Baja California Sur | 16 (76%) | 5 (24%) | 21 | November 25, 1974 |
 |
Congress of Campeche | 21 (60%) | 14 (40%) | 35 | March 2, 1861 |
 |
Congress of Chiapas | 24 (60%) | 16 (40%) | 40 | January 5, 1865 |
 |
Congress of Chihuahua | 22 (67%) | 11 (33%) | 33 | September 4, 1823 |
 |
Congress of Mexico City | 33 (50%) | 33 (50%) | 66 | September 17, 2018 |
 |
Congress of Coahuila | 16 (64%) | 9 (36%) | 25 | August 15, 1824 |
 |
Congress of Colima | 16 (64%) | 9 (36%) | 25 | July 19, 1857 |
 |
Congress of Durango | 15 (60%) | 10 (40%) | 25 | July 20, 1857 |
 |
Congress of Guanajuato | 22 (61%) | 14 (39%) | 36 | March 25, 1824 |
 |
Congress of Guerrero | 28 (61%) | 18 (39%) | 46 | January 30, 1850 |
 |
Congress of Hidalgo | 18 (60%) | 12 (40%) | 30 | May 16, 1869 |
 |
Congress of Jalisco | 20 (53%) | 18 (47%) | 38 | September 8, 1823 |
 |
Congress of the State of Mexico | 45 (60%) | 30 (40%) | 75 | March 2, 1824 |
 |
Congress of Michoacán | 24 (60%) | 16 (40%) | 40 | April 6, 1824 |
 |
Congress of Morelos | 12 (60%) | 8 (40%) | 20 | July 28, 1869 |
 |
Congress of Nayarit | 18 (60%) | 12 (40%) | 30 | December 25, 1917 |
 |
Congress of Nuevo León | 26 (62%) | 16 (38%) | 42 | August 1, 1824 |
 |
Congress of Oaxaca | 25 (60%) | 17 (40%) | 42 | July 1, 1823 |
 |
Congress of Puebla | 26 (63%) | 15 (37%) | 41 | March 19, 1824 |
 |
Legislature of Querétaro | 15 (60%) | 10 (40%) | 25 | February 12, 1824 |
 |
Congress of Quintana Roo | 15 (60%) | 10 (40%) | 25 | November 25, 1974 |
 |
Congress of San Luis Potosí | 15 (56%) | 12 (44%) | 27 | April 21, 1824 |
 |
Congress of Sinaloa | 24 (60%) | 16 (40%) | 40 | March 13, 1831 |
 |
Congress of Sonora | 21 (64%) | 12 (36%) | 33 | September 19, 1824 |
 |
Congress of Tabasco | 21 (60%) | 14 (40%) | 35 | May 3, 1824 |
 |
Congress of Tamaulipas | 22 (61%) | 14 (39%) | 36 | May 7, 1824 |
 |
Congress of Tlaxcala | 15 (60%) | 10 (40%) | 25 | Juny 1, 1857 |
 |
Congress of Veracruz | 30 (40%) | 20 (40%) | 50 | May 9, 1824 |
 |
Congress of Yucatán | 15 (60%) | 10 (40%) | 25 | August 20, 1823 |
 |
Congress of Zacatecas | 18 (60%) | 12 (40%) | 30 | October 19, 1823 |
| Total | 673 | 440 | 1308 | - | |
Composition by political parties
| State | Legislative term | Local parties |
Total | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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No party | ||||
| Aguascalientes | 2018−2021 | 5 | 13 | 4 | – | 1 | 1 | – | 2 | 1 | – | – | 27 |
| Baja California | 2019−2021 | 13 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | – | – | 2 | 2 | 25 |
| Baja California Sur | 2018−2021 | 8 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | – | – | 2 | – | 4 | 2 | 21 |
| Campeche | 2018−2021 | 11 | 6 | 12 | 2 | – | 1 | – | – | 2 | 1 | – | 35 |
| Chiapas | 2018−2021 | 12 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 1 | 7 | – | 4 | – | – | 6 | 40 |
| Chihuahua | 2018−2021 | 8 | 11 | 5 | 2 | – | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | – | 33 |
| Coahuila | 2021−2023 | 4 | 3 | 16 | – | – | 1 | – | – | – | – | 1 | 25 |
| Colima | 2018−2021 | 8 | 3 | 3 | 3 | – | 2 | 1 | – | 1 | 2 | 2 | 25 |
| Durango | 2018−2021 | 10 | 5 | 5 | 4 | – | 1 | – | – | – | – | – | 25 |
| Guanajuato | 2018−2021 | 4 | 19 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | – | 1 | 2 | – | 36 |
| Guerrero | 2018−2021 | 19 | 1 | 10 | 2 | 8 | 2 | 1 | 2 | – | 1 | – | 46 |
| Hidalgo | 2018−2021 | 17 | 3 | 5 | 1 | – | – | – | 2 | 1 | 1 | – | 30 |
| Jalisco | 2018−2021 | 4 | 9 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 18 | – | – | 1 | – | 38 |
| Mexico | 2018−2021 | 37 | 9 | 12 | 7 | 3 | 2 | – | 2 | – | 3 | – | 75 |
| Mexico City | 2018−2021 | 34 | 11 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 1 | – | 1 | – | 6 | 1 | 66 |
| Michoacan | 2018−2021 | 12 | 8 | 5 | 4 | 8 | 2 | 1 | – | – | – | – | 40 |
| Morelos | 2018−2021 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | – | 1 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 20 |
| Nayarit | 2017−2021 | 4 | 6 | 7 | 2 | 1 | – | 1 | – | 9 | – | – | 30 |
| Nuevo León | 2018−2021 | 7 | 15 | 9 | 2 | – | 1 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | – | 42 |
| Oaxaca | 2018−2021 | 26 | 1 | 6 | 3 | – | 2 | – | – | – | 2 | 2 | 42 |
| Puebla | 2018−2021 | 13 | 4 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | – | 5 | 1 | 41 |
| Querétaro | 2018−2021 | 6 | 11 | 4 | – | – | 1 | – | – | – | 2 | 1 | 25 |
| Quintana Roo | 2019−2022 | 9 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 1 | – | – | 1 | 1 | 25 |
| San Luis Potosí | 2018−2021 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 27 |
| Sinaloa | 2018−2021 | 23 | 2 | 8 | 3 | 1 | – | – | 1 | – | 1 | 1 | 40 |
| Sonora | 2018−2021 | 12 | 3 | 5 | 4 | – | 1 | 1 | 5 | 2 | – | – | 33 |
| Tabasco | 2018−2021 | 21 | – | 5 | – | 6 | 2 | – | – | – | 1 | – | 35 |
| Tamaulipas | 2019−2022 | 10 | 22 | 3 | – | – | – | 1 | – | – | – | – | 36 |
| Tlaxcala | 2018−2021 | 12 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | – | – | 25 |
| Veracruz | 2018−2021 | 28 | 13 | 3 | – | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | – | – | – | 50 |
| Yucatán | 2018−2021 | 4 | 6 | 10 | – | 1 | 1 | 2 | – | 1 | – | – | 25 |
| Zacatecas | 2018−2021 | 9 | 4 | 6 | 2 | 3 | 2 | – | 2 | 2 | – | – | 30 |
| Total | – | 402 | 206 | 174 | 69 | 52 | 43 | 43 | 37 | 25 | 40 | 22 | 1,113 |
| Party | Number of state legislators | |
|---|---|---|
| MORENA | 413 | |
| PAN | 231 | |
| PRI | 188 | |
| MC | 63 | |
| PT | 60 | |
| PVEM | 57 | |
| Local parties | 57 | |
| PRD | 45 | |
| Independent | 16 | |
See also
References
- ↑ "Article 116 of the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States" (PDF). Retrieved September 9, 2018.
- ↑ "Finanzas Públicas". imco.org.mx.