Royal Noble Consort Su of the Bannam Park clan
수빈 박씨
Royal Noble Consort of the First Senior Rank
Tenure1787 – 1823
Born21 May 1770
Kingdom of Joseon
Died31 January 1823 (1823-02-01) (aged 52)
Bogyeongdang Hall, Changdeok Palace, Hanseong, Kingdom of Joseon
Burial
Hwigyeongwon Tomb, Namyangju, Gyeonggi Province, South Korea
SpouseYi San, King Jeongjo (m.1787–d.1800)
IssueSunjo of Joseon
Princess Sukseon
HouseBannam Park (by birth)
Jeonju Yi (by marriage)
FatherPark Jun-won
MotherLady Won of the Wonju Won clan
ReligionKorean Buddhism
Korean name
Hangul
Hanja
Revised RomanizationSubin Bakssi
McCune–ReischauerSupin Pakssi
Posthumous name
Hangul
Hanja
Revised RomanizationHyeonmok Subi
McCune–ReischauerHyŏnmok Supi

Royal Noble Consort Su of the Bannam Park clan (Hangul: 수빈 반남 박씨, Hanja: 綏嬪 潘南 朴氏; 21 May 1770 – 31 January 1823[1]) was a concubine of Jeongjo of Joseon and the mother of King Sunjo. She was also given an alternative royal title, Royal Noble Consort Yu (유빈, 綏嬪).

Biography

Early life

The future Royal Consort was born on May 21, 1770, into the Bannam Park clan, as the fourth child and second daughter of Park Jun-won, the Minister of Justice, and Lady Won of the Wonju Won clan.[2][3]

Life as Royal Concubine

In 1787, because King Jeongjo was once again heirless,[4] Queen Dowager Yesun decided to choose a new concubine for her step-grandson, and Lady Park was selected on February 8, when she was 16 years old.

Three days later, on February 11, Lady Park was invested as a concubine of the Bin rank, with the prefix Su (綏), meaning "upright/pacifist". The following day, the new Royal Noble Consort Su entered the palace.

On July 27, 1790, she gave birth to a son, Yi Gong (이공), who was appointed as Crown Prince in 1800, at the age of 10.

On March 1, 1793,[5] Lady Park gave birth to Princess Sukseon (숙선옹주).

Su-bin was described as gentle, well-behaved and courteous. She was also usually taciturn and lived simply. As a result, she was greatly admired as "a benevolent concubine" (賢嬪).[6]

She is the only concubine in Joseon's history who lived long enough to see her son ascend the throne.

Death and burial

On January 31, 1823, Royal Noble Consort Su died at Bogyeongdang Hall in Changdeok Palace.

Originally, she was buried in Dongdaemun District, Seoul, but in 1855 (the 6th year of King Cheoljong's reign), when Illeung, the tomb of King Sunjo, was moved to another location, her tomb was also moved to Sungangwon.[7] In the 14th year of King Cheoljong's reign, it was moved again to its current place (in Namyangju, Gyeonggi Province), because the location of the Sungangwon was reportedly not good, according to Feng Shui. The tomb is known as Hwigyeongwon.

Her ancestral tablet is enshrined in Chilgung (or the "Palace of Seven Royal Concubines"). Because of this, she is also known as Lady Gasun (가순궁, 嘉順宮)[8] or Lady Gyeongwoo (경우궁, 景祐宮).[9]

Posthumously, Lady Park was firstly honoured as Hyeonmok Subin (현목수빈), but in 1901, during the 5th year of Emperor Gwangmu's reign, her title was changed to Hyeonmok Subi (현목수비).

Family

  • Father: Park Jun-won (1739 – 1807) (박준원)[10]
    • Grandfather: Park Sa-seok (1713 – 1774) (박사석)
    • Grandmother: Lady Yu of the Gigye Yu clan (기계 유씨)
  • Mother: Lady Won of the Wonju Won clan (1740 – 1783) (원주 원씨)
    • Grandfather: Won Gyeong-yu (원경유)[11][12][13]
    • Grandmother: Lady Yun of the Haepyeong Yun clan (해평 윤씨)
  • Siblings
    • Older brother: Park Jong-bo (박종보, 朴宗輔) (1760 - 1807)
      • Sister-in-law: Lady Seo; daughter of Seo Gwang-su (서광수, 徐廣修)
        • Nephew: Park Ju-su (박주수, 朴周壽)
        • Nephew: Park Ho-su (박호수, 朴鎬壽); became the adoptive son of Park Jong-ik (박종익)
    • Older brother: Park Jong-gyeong (박종경, 朴宗慶) (1765 - 1817)
      • Sister-in-law: Lady Yi; daughter of Yi Sul-mo (이술모, 李述模)
        • Nephew: Park Gi-su (박기수, 朴岐壽); became the adoptive son of Park Jong-bo (박종보)
    • Older sister: Lady Park of the Bannam Park clan (정부인 반남 박씨, 貞夫人 潘南 朴氏)
      • Brother-in-law: Yi Yo-heon (이요헌, 李堯憲) of the Jeonju Yi clan (1766 - 1815)[14]
        • Nephew: Yi Jeong-shin (이정신, 李鼎臣)
        • Nephew: Yi Jeong-min (이정민, 李鼎民)
        • Nephew: Yi Jeong-hyeon (이정현, 李鼎賢)
    • Younger brother: Park Jong-ik (박종익, 朴宗翊) (1773 - 1791)
    • Younger brother: Park Jong-hui (박종희, 朴宗喜) (1775 - 1849)
    • Younger sister: Lady Park of the Bannam Park clan (반남 박씨)
    • Younger sister: Lady Park of the Bannam Park clan (반남 박씨)
      • Brother-in-law: Hong Ok-ju (홍욱주, 洪郁周) of the Pungsan Hong clan
    • Younger sister: Lady Park of the Bannam Park clan (반남 박씨)
    • Younger half-brother: Park Jong-yeom (박종염, 朴宗琰) (1797 - 1857)
      • Sister-in-law: Lady Yi of the Jeonju Yi clan (전주 이씨)[15]
    • Younger half-brother: Park Jong-yeong (박종영, 朴宗永) (1804 - ?)
  • Husband: Yi San, King Jeongjo of Joseon (28 October 1752 – 18 August 1800) (이산 조선 정조)
  • Issue

References

  1. ↑ In lunar calendar, the Royal Consort was born on 8 May 1770 and died on 26 December 1822
  2. ↑ Hwigyeongwon http://www.nyj.go.kr/english/culture/02_02_05.jsp
  3. ↑ Lady Won's grandfather, Won Myeong-gu, was the adoptive son of Princess Sukgyeong, the sixth (seventh) daughter King Hyojong and Queen Inseon.
  4. ↑ His only son, Crown Prince Munhyo, died at the age of 4, the previous year.
  5. ↑ Lunar calendar date.
  6. ↑ Cultural Heritage http://jikimi.cha.go.kr/english/royal_palaces_new/Gwangneung.jsp?mc=EN_05_02_01
  7. ↑ Sungangwon is the tomb of Lady In-bin of the Suwon Kim clan, a concubine of King Seonjo and the paternal grandmother of King Injo.
  8. ↑ Or Gasungung, literally "Gasun Palace".
  9. ↑ Or Gyeongugung, literally translates to "Gyeongu Palace".
  10. ↑ His older brother became the great-great-grandfather of Park Jeong-yang
  11. ↑ He was great-great-grandson of Song Jun-gil, and the adoptive son of Won Mong-rin and Princess Sukgyeong (Queen Inseon and King Hyojong’s daughter).
  12. ↑ His father, Won Myeong-gu (원명구, 元命龜) was the adoptive grandson of Princess Sukgyeong as well as a first cousin once removed of Queen Inhyeon.
  13. ↑ He was a 6th cousin of Queen Jeongsun’s mother
  14. ↑ Son of Yi Kang, Prince Haeheung (해흥군 이강) and Lady Kang of the Jinju Kang clan. Prince Haeheung was the great-great-grandson of King Seonjo through Prince Yeongseong.
  15. ↑ She was the second daughter of Yi Eon-Sik, Prince Jinan (진안군 이언식; 1752 - 1819). He was the 6th great-grandson of King Seonjo through his son, Prince Haewon.
  16. ↑ Who created kkakdugi.
  17. ↑ He was the son of Seo Yeongsuhap and was a sixth cousin of Lady Hyegyeong.
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