| Leucosolenida | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Grantia compressa (Grantiidae) | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Porifera |
| Class: | Calcarea |
| Subclass: | Calcaronea |
| Order: | Leucosolenida Hartman, 1958 |
| Families | |
|
See text. | |
Leucosolenida is an order of sponges in the class Calcarea and the subclass Calcaronea.[1] Species in the order Leucosolenida are calcareous, with a skeleton composed exclusively of free spicules without calcified non-spicular reinforcements.[2][3]
According to Systema Porifera (2002), Lucosolenida contains 9 families, ranging from fully asconoid forms (Leucosoleniidae) to fully leuconoid forms. These body plans are on a continuum based on an increasingly complex skeletal system and compartmentalized choanocytes.[3] A few sources (such as the Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, 2004) place non-asconoid families into a separate order, Sycettida.[4] Leucosolenids have a poor fossil record, with only a few ambiguous grantiid fossils reported from the Jurassic and Carboniferous.[4]
Families
- Achramorphidae Borojevic et al., 2002 (formerly known as Staurorrhaphidae)[2]
- Amphoriscidae Dendy, 1892
- Grantiidae Dendy, 1892
- Heteropiidae Dendy, 1892
- Jenkinidae Borojevic et al., 2000
- Lelapiidae? Dendy & Row, 1913
- Leucosoleniidae Minchin, 1900
- Sycanthidae Lendenfeld, 1891
- Sycettidae Dendy, 1892 (sometimes known as Syconidae)[1]
References
- 1 2 "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Leucosolenida". www.marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2019-03-17.
- 1 2 Borojevic, Radovan; Boury-Esnault, Nicole; Vacelet, Jean (2000). "A revision of the supraspecific classification of the subclass Calcaronea (Porifera, class Calcarea)" (PDF). Zoosystematica. 22 (2): 203–263.
- 1 2 Borojevic, Radovan; Boury-Esnault, Nicole; Manuel, Michaël; Vacelet, Jean (2002), Hooper, John N. A.; Van Soest, Rob W. M.; Willenz, Philippe (eds.), "Order Leucosolenida Hartman, 1958", Systema Porifera: A Guide to the Classification of Sponges, Boston, MA: Springer US, pp. 1157–1184, doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-0747-5_120, ISBN 978-1-4615-0747-5, retrieved 2023-04-28
- 1 2 Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology Part E, Revised. Porifera, Volume 3: Classes Demospongea, Hexactinellida, Heteractinida & Calcarea, xxxi + 872 p., 506 fig., 1 table, 2004, available here. ISBN 0-8137-3131-3.