Tani (written: 谷 lit. "valley") is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

• Atsuki Tani (谷 昌樹, born 1959), Japanese voice actor and actor
• Daniel M. Tani (born 1961), American astronaut
• Hayato Tani (谷 隼人, born 1946), Japanese actor
• Ikuko Tani (谷 育子, born 1939), Japanese actress and voice actress
• Kanon Tani (谷 花音, born 2004), Japanese child actress
• Kei Tani (谷啓, 1932–2010), Japanese comedian, actor and musician
• Kimuchi Tani (谷 公市, born 1948), Japanese sport wrestler
• Koichi Tani (谷 公一, born 1952), Japanese politician
• Naomi Tani (谷ナオミ, born 1948), Japanese actress
• Marika Tani (谷 真理佳, born 1996), Japanese idol, a member of SKE48 and a former member of HKT48
• Ryoko Tani (谷 亮子, born 1975), Japanese judoka
• Tani Tateki (谷 干城, 1837–1911), Japanese general
• Yoshitomo Tani (谷 佳知, born 1973), Japanese baseball player
• Yukio Tani (谷 幸雄, 1881–1950), Japanese martial arts instructor and professional challenge wrestler in England

Fictional characters

• Akiko Tani, a character in the manga series Detective Conan
• Chiaki Tani, a character in the Samurai Sentai Shinkenger

See also

• Ōtani (surname)