Taplejung
ताप्लेजुङ जिल्ला
Dudh Kunda at Yamtari Glacier, Lelep village, view from Pathibhara temple, Gunsa village (clockwise from top)
Location of Taplejing (dark yellow) in Koshi Province
Location of Taplejing (dark yellow) in Koshi Province
Coordinates: 27°21′0″N 87°40′0″E / 27.35000°N 87.66667°E / 27.35000; 87.66667
CountryNepal
ProvinceKoshi Province
Established1962
Admin HQ.Phungling Municipality
Government
  TypeCoordination committee
  BodyDCC, Taplejung
  HeadMr. Ghanendra Maden
  Deputy-HeadMrs. Debimaya Nepali
Area
  Total3,646 km2 (1,408 sq mi)
  Rank3rd
Highest elevation
8,586 m (28,169 ft)
Lowest elevation
670 m (2,200 ft)
Population
 (2011)[1]
  Total127,461
  Density35/km2 (91/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+05:45 (NPT)
Websiteddctaplejung.gov.np

Taplejung District (Nepali: ताप्लेजुङ जिल्ला Listen) is one[2] of 77 districts of Nepal and one of the 14 districts of Koshi Province. It is located deep in the Himalayas in Eastern Nepal with Tibet to the north across the Himalayas. Taplejung is the third largest district (by area) of Nepal.

The district covers an area of 3,646 square kilometres (1,408 sq mi) and has a total population (2011 Nepal census) of 127,461. The district is surrounded by Tibet in the north, Sankhuwasabha District in the west, Tehrathum District and Panchthar District in the south and Sikkim (India) in the east. Geographically, the district is located at a latitude of 27º 06' to 27º 55'N and a longitude of 87º57' to 87º40' E.[3]

Etymology

In Limbu language, Taplejung means "a fort of King Taple". In medieval times, a fort built by King Taple stood in the area.[4]

History

Map of Eastern Nepal in 1942 showing Taplejung, a part of large Dhankuta District

Before the unification of Nepal, the area of Taplejung and its surrounds were called Pallo Kirat Limbuwan which means "far region" and was ruled by the Limbu kings of Limbuwan.[5]

After the unification of Nepal, the area of Taplejung became a part of the large Dhankuta District.

In 1962 when the traditional old 32 districts divided into 75, the three thums (counties) of the large Dhankuta district separately established a new district named "Taplejung".

Geography and climate

Geographically Taplejung is a mountainous district where the world's third highest peak Kanchenjunga (8586 m) is located.[6] It is situated at elevation ranging from 670 metres (2,200 ft) to 8,586 metres (28,169 ft) from sea level.[7]

The Tamor River is a main river in the district, which flows through the middle in the district dividing district in east and west Taplejung. Gunsa river, Simbuwa river and the many tributaries of Tamur are important sources of freshwater. There are more than 60 rivers and streams in the district. Some glacial lakes are: Sinjenma Pokhari, Samdo Pokhari, Tin Pokhari, Kali Pokhari etc.[8][9]

The district includes many highest peaks e.g. Gimmigela (7350 m), talung (7349 m), Kabru (7276 m), Nepal peak (7177 m), Kumbhkarna (7025 m) etc.[10] Kanchenjunga Conservation Area is a protected area in the district which covers an area of 2,035 square kilometres (786 sq mi).

Climate Zone[11] Elevation Range  % of Area
Upper Tropical 300 to 1,000 meters
1,000 to 3,300 ft.
2.4%
Subtropical 1,000 to 2,000 meters
3,300 to 6,600 ft.
14.8%
Temperate 2,000 to 3,000 meters
6,400 to 9,800 ft.
19.5%
Subalpine 3,000 to 4,000 meters
9,800 to 13,100 ft.
16.8%
Alpine 4,000 to 5,000 meters
13,100 to 16,400 ft.
38.8%
Nival above 5,000 meters 7.7%

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1981 120,780    
1991 120,053−0.06%
2001 134,698+1.16%
2011 127,461−0.55%
2021 120,359−0.57%
Sources:[12]

At the time of the 2011 Nepal census, Taplejung District had a population of 127,461.

Languages in Taplejung District (2011)

  Limbu (37.80%)
  Nepali (37.39%)
  Sherpa (10.65%)
  Tamang (4.03%)
  Gurung (3.07%)
  Rai (2.02%)
  Others (5.02%)

[13]

As their first language, 38.0% spoke Limbu, 37.2% Nepali, 10.7% Sherpa, 4.0% Tamang, 3.1% Gurung, 2.0% Rai, 0.9% Walung, 0.7% Magar, 0.7% Newar, 0.7% Sunuwar, 0.4% Bantawa, 0.2% Yakkha, 0.1% Chamling, 0.1% Maithili, 0.1% Sampang, 0.1% Sign language and 0.5% other languages.[14]

Ethnicity/caste: 41.6% were Limbu, 11.9% Chhetri, 9.5% Sherpa, 7.8% Hill Brahmin, 5.1% Rai, 4.7% Kami, 4.6% Gurung, 4.4% Tamang, 1.6% Newar, 1.5% Damai/Dholi, 1.1% Sunuwar, 1.1% Topkegola, 1.0% Magar, 0.9% Sarki, 0.9% Walung, 0.7% Sanyasi/Dasnami, 0.4% Bhote, 0.4% Gharti/Bhujel, 0.2% other Dalit, 0.2% Yakkha, 0.1% Khawas, 0.1% Teli, 0.1% Tharu and 0.2% others.[15]

Religion in Taplejung District (2011)[16]
Religion Percent
Kirat Mundhum
41.37%
Hinduism
35.90%
Buddhism
20.52%
Christianity
1.47%
Others
0.74%

Religion: 41.4% were Kirati, 35.9% Hindu, 20.5% Buddhist, 1.5% Christian, 0.5% Bon and 0.2% others.[17]

Literacy: 71.0% could read and write, 2.8% could only read and 26.1% could neither read nor write.[18]

Administration

Taplejung District is administered by Taplejung District Coordination Committee (Taplejung DCC). The Taplejung DCC is elected by Taplejung District Assembly. The head of Taplejung DCC is Mr. Ghanendra Maden and Mrs. Devimaya Nepali is deputy head of Taplejung DCC.

Taplejung District Administration Office under Ministry of Home Affairs co-operate with Taplejung DCC to maintain peace, order and security in the district. The officer of District Administration office called CDO and current CDO of Taplejung DAO is Dorendra Niraula.

Taplejung District Court is a Judicial court to see the cases of people on district level.

AdministrationNameHead
LegislativeDistrict Coordination CommitteeGhanendra Maden
ExecutiveDistrict Administration OfficeDorendra Niraula
JudicialDistrict CourtPrakash Raut

Division

Taplejung is divided in total 9 local level bodies, in which only Phungling is an urban municipality otherwise all other local level bodies are rural municipality.

SNLocal level unitTypePopulationAreaNo. of wards
1Phunglingurban26406125.5711
2Aathrai Tribenirural1378488.835
3Sidingwarural120992067
4Phaktanglungrural120171858.517
5Mikkwakholarural9160442.965
6Meringdenrural12548210.336
7Maiwakholarural110371386
8Pathibhara Yangwarakrural1359193.766
9Sirijangharural15806481.098

Former administrative divisions

Formerly, Taplejung had one municipality and many VDCs. VDCs were the local level administrative units for villages.

Fulfilling the requirement of the new constitution of Nepal 2015, on 10 March 2017 all VDCs were nullified and formed new units after grouping VDCs.

Constituencies

Taplejung District consists 1 Parliamentary constituency and 2 Provincial constituencies[19]

ConstituenciesTypeAreaMP/MLAParty
Taplejung 1 Parliamentarywhole Taplejung districtYogesh BhattaraiNCP
Taplejung 1(A)ProvincialPhungling, Yangwarak, Sidingba, Sirijangha and the ward no. 3 of PhaktanglungBal Bahadur SamsohangNCP
Taplejung 1(B)ProvincialAathrai Tribeni, Maiwakhola, Meringden, Mikwakhola and Phaktanglung (excluding ward no. 3)Tanka Angbuhang LimbuNCP
Taplejung constituency

Transportation

Taplejung (headquarters) is connected to the rest of Nepal by the Mechi Highway which meets the east–west or Mahendra Highway at Charali (Mechinagar). The distance from Mechinagar to Taplejung is 227 kilometres (141 mi).[20] A person can travel from Kathmandu to Taplejung by public bus, jeep or by flight. Taplejung Airport is a nearest airport.

Tourism

Taplejung is a best destination for trekkers. Kanchenjunga Conservation Area comprises cultivated lands, forests, pastures, rivers, high altitude lakes and glaciers. snow leopard, Asian black bear, red panda, golden-breasted fulvetta, snow cock, blood pheasant and red-billed chough can be seen in the area.[21] Pathibhara Devi Temple or Mukkumlung Manghim at Taplejung hill is considered as the home to Yuma Sammang, the deity of Limbu people and thus worshipped. A 16th century Diki Chhyoling monastery lies in Olangchung-gola.

See also

References

  1. Household and population by districts, Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS) Nepal Archived 2013-07-31 at the Wayback Machine
  2. "Taplejung District in Nepal". Retrieved 28 March 2020.
  3. "Introduction DCC Taplejung". Retrieved 28 March 2020.
  4. "Top 5 Places to Visit in Taplejung". 20 July 2019. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
  5. "Indigenous voice Limbu". Retrieved 28 March 2020.
  6. "Taplejung". Retrieved 29 March 2020.
  7. "Taplejung Geography". Retrieved 29 March 2020.
  8. "Inventory of Sinjema-Syamdo and Timbung Pokhari". Retrieved 29 March 2020.
  9. "a complete guide to Nepal's rivers". Sun Koshi river trip. . Retrieved 2010-05-14.
  10. "Taplejung". Retrieved 29 March 2020.
  11. The Map of Potential Vegetation of Nepal - a forestry/agroecological/biodiversity classification system (PDF), . Forest & Landscape Development and Environment Series 2-2005 and CFC-TIS Document Series No.110., 2005, ISBN 87-7903-210-9, retrieved Nov 22, 2013
  12. "Nepal: Provinces and Districts". www.citypopulation.de.
  13. "NepalMap profile: Taplejung". NepalMap. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
  14. NepalMap Language
  15. NepalMap Caste
  16. "NepalMap profile: Taplejung". NepalMap. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
  17. NepalMap Religion
  18. NepalMap Literacy
  19. "Constituency map of Taplejung District" (PDF). Election Commission of Nepal. Retrieved 29 March 2020.
  20. "Taplejung". Retrieved 29 March 2020.
  21. Bhuju, U. R.; Shakya, P. R.; Basnet, T. B.; Shrestha, S. (2007). Nepal Biodiversity Resource Book. Protected Areas, Ramsar Sites, and World Heritage Sites (PDF). Kathmandu: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development, Ministry of Environment, Science and Technology, in cooperation with United Nations Environment Programme, Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific. ISBN 978-92-9115-033-5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-26. Retrieved 2018-12-14.
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