Ruatoki
Ruatoki
Coordinates: 38°8′28.2″S 177°0′22.2″E / 38.141167°S 177.006167°E / -38.141167; 177.006167
Country	New Zealand
Region	Bay of Plenty
Territorial authority	Whakatāne District
Ward	Tāneatua-Waimana

Ruatoki North is a town in the eastern Bay of Plenty^[1] of New Zealand, just south of the small town of Tāneatua and approximately 20 km south of the city of Whakatāne. The Whakatāne River runs northwards through the Ruatoki Valley and has formed broad alluvial flats.^[1][2] The main settlement of Ruatoki North is on the eastern side of the river.

The population of approximately 600 people are predominantly Māori of the Tūhoe iwi.^[1][3] The main economic activities in the Ruatoki Valley are dairy farming and cropping.^[2]

History

Tūhoe people started dairy farming at Ruatoki from at least the 1890s.^[1] The first school – Ruatoki Native School – and the first post office opened at the same site on the eastern side of the Whakatāne River in 1896. In 1908 two telegraph offices opened, one at the school and known as Ruatoki, and the other a little to the north at the store in the township and known as Ruatoki North.^[4]

A cheese factory opened in the township in 1908. The factory burned down in the late 1920s and a new concrete factory replaced it in 1928. The factory closed in 1964 and has since been demolished.^[5]

Ruatoki was one of the main sites involved in the 2007 New Zealand police raids, conducted under the Terrorism Suppression Act 2002.^[3][6]

Culture

Education

Local Tuhoe leaders requested a school in 1891 and the Ruatoki Native School opened on the eastern side of the Whakatāne River on 4 June 1896.^[10] It became a district high school from 1946–47 until the secondary section closed in the 1970s. In 1978 it became New Zealand's first bilingual primary school. It then became a Māori language immersion school for children up to standard two, remaining bilingual for standards three and four. On 1 September 1992 it became an area school for children up to form seven and the first official kura kaupapa school.^[11] It is now Te Wharekura o Ruatoki, a co-educational state area school that teaches Year 1 to 13 students in the Māori language.^[12] It has a roll of 219 as of April 2023.^[13]

Children from west of the river attended Ruatoki Native School in the early decades. As there was no bridge, they waded the river, and missed school when the river was in flood. Consequently, Tawera Native School opened on the western side of the river on 29 July 1931.^[14] It is now Tawera Bilingual School, a co-educational state primary school for Year 1 to 8 students that teaches in Māori and English language.^[15] It has a roll of 46.^[16]

Notable people

• Stacey Fluhler, rugby player
• Tāme Iti (born 1952), Tūhoe activist and artist
• Kōhine Pōnika (1920–1990), Ngāti Porou and Tūhoe composer
• Hikawera Te Kurapa (1907–1985), Tūhoe tribal tohunga, horse-breaker, farmer and ringatu leader
• Te Ngahuru (died around 1823), Tūhoe leader and warrior
• Arnold Manaaki Wilson (1928–2012), Tūhoe and Te Arawa artist and educator

References