Tiruvallur Thiru evvul
Town
Tiruevvulur
Veeraraghava Swami Temple View From Lake
Nickname(s):  Evvulur, Tiruevvulur, Tiruevvulkidanthan
Tiruvallur Tiruvallur (Tamil Nadu)
Coordinates: 13°07′23″N 79°54′43″E / 13.123100°N 79.912000°E / 13.123100; 79.912000
Country	India
State	Tamil Nadu
District	Tiruvallur district
Named for	Veeraragava temple
Government
• Type	First grade municipality
• Body	Tiruvallur Municipality
• District Collector	Thiru P.Ponnaiah, I.A.S.
Area
• Total	33.27 km2 (12.85 sq mi)
Elevation	72 m (236 ft)
Population  (2011)[1]
• Total	56,074
Languages
• Official	Tamil, English, Telugu
Time zone	UTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN	602001-602003
Telephone code	91-44
Vehicle registration	TN-20
Website	municipality.tn.gov.in/Tiruvallur/

Tiruvallur is a Grade I municipality^[2] in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is located on the banks of Coovum river about 46 km (29 mi) from downtown Chennai (Madras) and just 5 km from megacity border, in the western part of the Chennai Metropolitan Area (CMA). It is a satellite town of Chennai and is the administrative headquarters of Tiruvallur district. The town is known for the Veeraraghava Swamy Temple, one of the 108 sacred shrines of Vaishnavites. The tank festival is held at a pond near this temple. A Shiva temple near this shrine which is popular among the locals. There is also a 40-foot (12 m) tall Viswaroopa Panchamukha Hanuman temple, where the murti is made of a single green granite stone.

Poondi reservoir, from which drinking water is drawn to Chennai city, is about 9 km (5.6 mi) from Tiruvallur. The neighborhood is served by Tiruvallur railway station of the Chennai Suburban Railway Network. As of 2011, the city had a population of 56,074. It is one of the fast-developing suburbs of Chennai.

Etymology

Gopuram of the Veeraraghava Swamy Temple, Tiruvallur

The name Tiruvallur is supposedly derived from the Tamil sentence tiru evvull? – Tiru meaning god, a common prefix in South India for temple towns, and evvull meaning where do I sleep?. Tiruvallur is said to mean a place or town where the god Veera Raghavaswamy asked a saint for a place to sleep for a night..^[3][4]

The incident is recited in the Markandeya Purana where, Once a Rishi (sage) named Saalihothirar came down from Badrinath, now in Uttaranchal State, and settled in this place in order to reach Paramapadam (the abode of Lord Mahavisnu). He bathed in Hiruthaapanasana Theertham and started the vow of silence (mouna viratham) for one year. Daily he collected rice and after a year of fasting, he purified and cooked the rice, offering some to God (Naivedhyam) and duly kept the rest for himself. He waited for a guest, probably a muni or Rishi, so that he could invite him to eat and end his fasting. At that time Lord Narayana, intending to test the devotion of the Rishi, came there as an old muni looking very hungry and thirsty. On seeing him, Saalihothirar greeted him and offered a portion of the rice he had kept for himself, but Narayana wanted the entire quantity of rice. Saalihothirar was very happy to give all of the food to his guest, starving himself. After eating the food, Narayana asked, "where do I sleep?" (Tamil: Ev-uL-uRangalAm). Saalihothirar asked him to sleep in his own hut.^[5]

History

In the far past, this region was under a chain of regimes commencing from the Pallavas during the 7th century. In 1687, the Golkonda rulers were defeated and the region came under the Moghul emperors of Delhi. The towns and villages of this region were the scene of Carnatic wars. Battles are said to have been fought in this region during the struggle for supremacy between the English and French. The town of Pulicat was the earliest Dutch possession in India, founded in 1609; it was ceded to the British in 1825. British rule continued until India's independence in 1947.

Demographics

According to the 2011, Thiruvallur had a population of 56,074 with a sex-ratio of 999 females for every 1,000 males, above the national average of 929.^[6] Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 19% and 0.6% of the population, respectively. The literacy rate of the city was 79.77%, compared to the national average of 72.99%.^[6][7] As per the religious census of 2011, Thiruvallur had 86.45% Hindus, 5.88% Muslims, 6.17% Christians, 0.02% Sikhs, 0.02% Buddhists, 0.35% Jains, 1.12% following other religions and 0.0% following no religion or with no religious preference.^[8]

Politics

Tiruvallur assembly constituency is part of Tiruvallur (Lok Sabha constituency). Tiruvallur Lok Sabha seat is represented by K. Jayakumar of INC (DMK, part of the UPA Alliance)^[9]

Thiruvallur (state assembly constituency) is represented in the TN Assembly by V.G. Rajendran of Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK)

Tiruvallur Municipality Chairman Mrs. Udhayamalar Pon Pandiyan of Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) also the Party’s District Deputy Secretary .^[10]

Landmarks

Temple and Tank at Trivaloor, South India (1848)^[11]

• Veera Raghavar temple – a place of worship for Lord Vishnu as Veera Raghavar
• Hanuman Temple at Kakkalur – 3 km (2 mi) from Tiruvallur, this village temple has a 12-metre (40 ft) green monolithic granite murti of Lord Viswaroopa Panchamukha Hanuman (a.k.a. Panchamukhi Hanuman).
• Temple for Sri Viswaroopa Panchamukha Hanuman – at Periakuppam, Thiruvallur, this 10-metre-tall (32 ft) statue is made of a single piece of green granite which was brought from Hassan in Karnataka.

Economy

The city attained district-headquarters status in 1997. Tiruvallur houses many industries including manufacturing facilities of Hindustan Motors, Caterpillar earth-moving equipment, Hanil Lear, Delphi TVS, India Japan Lighting, Kingfisher's brewery division, Style SPA furniture, TI India, TCL, and Mitsubishi.^[12] Tiruvallur is also home to the Pandurangan family of pen makers operating under the brand name Ranga.

Tiruvallur is surrounded by industrial hubs in and around Chennai, such as Ambattur Industrial Estate and Sriperumbudur Industrial Estate, which connect to Tiruvallur by suburban train and buses.

Transport

Tiruvallur is situated on the Chennai–Tirupati trunk road. Other major roads connecting Chennai and Tiruvallur include a route through Kakalur, Putlur, Sevvapet, Veppampattu, Tiruninravur, Avadi, Tirumullaivayil, Ambattur and Villivakkam, and another route through Poonamallee and Koyambedu.

Chennai International Airport is 42 km (26 mi) southeast of the city.

Tiruvallur lies on the Chennai–Bangalore broad gauge railway line and is a stop for some of the WestNorth trains. There are two suburban railway lines: the West line from Chennai Central to Arakkonam and the WestNorth line from Chennai Central to Tiruttani. These two lines have many frequent suburban trains.

The Metropolitan Transport Corporation (MTC) runs an extensive city bus system, with service from Tiruvallur to most of the important places in Chennai and its metropolitan area.

Education

There are a large number of educational institutions in Tiruvallur. Many professional institutions, particularly the veterinary university, add to education in this district. Tiruvallur has many higher secondary schools including private and government schools. There are a few engineering, medical, and arts and science colleges around Tiruvallur.

References

External links

• Media related to Tiruvallur at Wikimedia Commons