His Excellency, Jonkheer
Alidius Tjarda van Starkenborgh Stachouwer
Tjarda van Starkenborgh Stachouwer in 1935
Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies
In office
16 September 1936 – 8 March 1942
Preceded byBonifacius Cornelis de Jonge
Succeeded byHubertus van Mook (in exile)
Queen's Commissioner in Groningen
In office
1925–1933
MonarchWilhelmina of the Netherlands
Preceded byEdzard Tjarda van Starkenborgh Stachouwer
Succeeded byJoachimus Pieter Fockema Andreae
Personal details
Born(1888-03-07)7 March 1888
Groningen, Netherlands
Died16 August 1978(1978-08-16) (aged 90)
Wassenaar, Netherlands

Jonkheer Alidius Warmoldus Lambertus Tjarda van Starkenborgh Stachouwer (7 March 1888 – 16 August 1978) was a Dutch nobleman and statesman, primarily noted for being the last colonial Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies, now Indonesia.[1] He was taken captive after accepting Japan's demands for an unconditional surrender of the islands on 9 March 1942.[2]

Early life

In November 1915 he married Christine Marburg, the daughter of the American Ambassador to Belgium, Theodore Marburg.[3]

He joined the Dutch diplomatic service in 1915. Prior to World War II, he was Queen's Commissioner in Groningen (1925–33) and envoy to Brussels (1933–36).[4]

On 16 September 1936, he became Governor-General of the Netherlands East Indies.[4]

Second World War

Portrait of Tjarda van Starkenborgh Stachouwer as Governor-General.

When the Netherlands surrendered to Germany on 14 May 1940, Jhr. van Starkenborgh declared martial law in the Dutch East Indies, ordering 19 German cargo ships to be seized and all German nationals to be interned pending the liberation of the Netherlands.[5]

In December 1941, when Japan began operations in the Pacific, there were 93,000 Dutch troops and 5,000 American, British and Australian soldiers to defend against an invasion of the Netherlands East Indies.

By 15 February, Japanese bombers were attacking the capital at Batavia (now Jakarta) and government operations were removed to Bandoeng. On Sunday, 8 March, Lt. Gen. Hitoshi Imamura met with van Starkenborgh and set a deadline for an unconditional surrender. Jhr. van Starkenborgh ordered the Dutch and Allied troops to cease fire in a broadcast the next day, and the Allied forces surrendered at 1:00 p.m.[6]

Tjarda van Starkenborgh, his family, and other Dutch government and military personnel were taken prisoner. While the Japanese offered him to let him stay at his home under house arrest and receive special treatment he refused. He was separated from his wife, Christine,[7] and daughters, who were interned in a different POW camp.

Later, he was transferred to the Manchurian camp at Hsien (now Liaoyuan), where he was held along with other prominent prisoners, including General Jonathan M. Wainwright, until the camp was liberated on 16 August 1945.[8]

Post-war life

Jhr. van Starkenborgh returned to the Netherlands with his family, but declined a request from Queen Wilhelmina to serve as Governor-General, in that the Queen had pledged self-government to Indonesia in 1942. He resigned effective 16 October 1945. Instead, he became the Dutch Ambassador to France (1945–48) and was then the Dutch Representative to NATO (1950–56).[1]

After his retirement he settled a long-standing argument on canal links with Belgium in negotiations during 1963–66. With Gerbrandy and Beel, he formed an advisory committee on the Greet Hofmans affair.

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Alidius Warmoldus Lambertus Tjarda van Starkenborgh Stachouwer.
  1. 1 2 "Alidius Warmoldus Lambertus Tjarda Van Starkenborgh Stachouwer". Biografisch Portaal. Archived from the original on 3 March 2020. Retrieved 8 September 2021.
  2. ↑ "Dutch at Java Pledge to 'Fight on to the Death'", The Lowell Sun, 9 March 1942, p. 1
  3. ↑ McNeil, Virginia Yerby, The Baltimore Sun Magazine, (Baltimore, Maryland). 10 February 1946, page 1 and 15, accessed 10 November 1946, at https://www.newspapers.com/clip/14929884/ and https://www.newspapers.com/clip/14929888/
  4. 1 2 "Tjarda Van Starkenborgh Stachouwer, jhr. Alidius Warmoldus Lambertus (1888-1978)". Biografisch Woordenboek van Nederland (in Dutch). Den Haag (published 2015). 12 November 2013. Archived from the original on 26 July 2020. Retrieved 8 September 2021.
  5. ↑ "Dutch Indies on War Basis," Oakland Tribune, 10 May 1940, p. D-15
  6. ↑ "Americans Surrender", The Lowell Sun, 9 March 1942, p. 1
  7. ↑ "TJARDA OF STARKENBORGH STACHOUWER, jhr" (in Dutch). www.inghist.nl. Retrieved 7 July 2009.
  8. ↑ "Parachutists Rescue Wainwright From Enemy Prison Camp," Fresno Bee Republican, 20 August 1945, p1

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