Transition matrix may refer to:

• The matrix associated with a change of basis for a vector space.
• Stochastic matrix, a square matrix used to describe the transitions of a Markov chain.
• State-transition matrix, a matrix whose product with the state vector ${\displaystyle x}$ at an initial time ${\displaystyle t_{0}}$ gives ${\displaystyle x}$ at a later time ${\displaystyle t}$.