Triple-axis spectrometry (TAS, three axis spectroscopy) is a technique used in conjunction with inelastic neutron scattering. The instrument is referred to as triple-axis spectrometer (also called TAS). It allows measurement of the scattering function at any point in energy and momentum space physically accessible by the spectrometer.

History

The triple-axis spectrometry method was first developed by Bertram Brockhouse at the National Research Experimental NRX reactor at the Chalk River Laboratories in Canada. The first results from the prototype triple-axis spectrometer were published in January 1955 and the first true triple-axis spectrometer was built in 1956. Bertram Brockhouse shared the 1994 Nobel Prize for Physics for this development, which allowed elementary excitations, such as phonons and magnons, to be observed directly. The Nobel citation was "for pioneering contributions to the development of neutron scattering techniques for studies of condensed matter" and "for the development of neutron spectroscopy".

TAS instruments in current use

FRM-II Forschungsneutronenquelle Heinz Maier-Leibnitz

  • PANDA – a cold neutron triple-axis spectrometer.
  • PUMA – a thermal neutron triple-axis spectrometer with multianalyser-detector option.
  • TRISP – a thermal neutron triple-axis spin echo spectrometer.
  • KOMPASS – a cold triple-axis spectrometer with polarization analysis
  • MIRA – a cold triple-axis spectrometer

Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie

  • FLEX – a cold neutron triple-axis spectrometer with optional Neutron Resonance Spin Echo mode.[1]
  • E1 – a thermal neutron triple-axis spectrometer with polarization analysis.[2]

Paul Scherrer Institut

  • RITA-II – a cold-neutron triple-axis spectrometer.[3]
  • TASP – a cold-neutron triple-axis spectrometer with polarization analysis and neutron spherical polarimetry.[4]
  • EIGER – a thermal-neutron triple-axis spectrometer.[5]

Institut Laue-Langevin

  • IN1 – a hot-neutron triple-axis spectrometer.[6]
  • IN3 – a thermal-neutron triple-axis spectrometer for tests.[7]
  • IN8 – a high-flux thermal-neutron triple-axis spectrometer.[8]
  • IN12 – a cold neutron triple-axis spectrometer.[9]
  • IN14 – a cold-neutron triple-axis spectrometer with polarized neutron capability.[10]
  • IN20 – a thermal-neutron triple-axis spectrometer with polarized neutron capability.[11]
  • IN22 – a thermal-neutron triple-axis spectrometer with polarized neutron capability.[12]
  • D10 – a thermal-neutron four-circle diffractometer with a triple-axis energy analysis option.[13]

CEA/Saclay Laboratoire Léon Brillouin

  • 1T-1 – a double-focusing thermal neutron triple-axis spectrometer.[14]
  • 2T-1 – a thermal-neutron triple-axis spectrometer.[15]
  • 4F-1 – a cold-neutron triple-axis spectrometer.[16]
  • 4F-2 – a cold-neutron triple-axis spectrometer.[17]

NIST Center for Neutron Research

  • SPINS – a cold-neutron triple-axis spectrometer with polarized neutron capability.[18]
  • BT-7 – a thermal-neutron triple-axis spectrometer with polarized neutron capability.[19]
  • MACS – a high-flux cold-neutron multi-axis spectrometer.[20]

ORNL HFIR

  • CTAX – a cold-neutron triple-axis spectrometer.[21]
  • PTAX(HB1) – a thermal-neutron triple-axis spectrometer specifically designed for polarized neutron measurements.[22]
  • FIETAX (HB1A) – a fixed incident energy thermal-neutron triple-axis spectrometer.[23]
  • TAX (HB3) – a high-flux thermal-neutron triple-axis spectrometer.[24]

ANSTO Bragg Institute

  • TAIPAN – a thermal-neutron triple-axis spectrometer with polarized neutron capability and beryllium-filter option.[25][26]
  • SIKA – a cold-neutron triple-axis spectrometer with polarized neutron capability.[27]

MURR University of Missouri Research Reactor

  • Triax – a thermal-neutron triple-axis spectrometer.[28]

References

  1. ↑ "Cold Neutron 3-Axis Spectrometer (FLEXX)". Archived from the original on 2016-01-16.
  2. ↑ "Thermal Neutron 3-Axis Spectrometer". Archived from the original on 2016-03-04.
  3. ↑ "RITA II". Archived from the original on 2007-02-19.
  4. ↑ "TASP | TASP | Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI)". www.psi.ch.
  5. ↑ "EIGER | EIGER | Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI)". www.psi.ch.
  6. ↑ "Hot-neutron triple-axis spectrometer". Archived from the original on November 24, 2006.
  7. ↑ "IN3 - thermal neutron three-axis spectrometer". Archived from the original on 2000-09-02.
  8. ↑ "IN8 thermal neutron three-axis spectrometer". Archived from the original on 2001-07-14.
  9. ↑ "CRG - cold neutron three-axis spectrometer". Archived from the original on 2001-05-14.
  10. ↑ "IN14 cold neutron three-axis spectrometer". Archived from the original on 2000-12-18.
  11. ↑ "IN20 thermal neutron three-axis spectrometer with polarization analysis". Archived from the original on 2001-05-14.
  12. ↑ "IN22 thermal neutron three-axis spectrometer with polarization analysis". Archived from the original on 2001-05-14.
  13. ↑ "D10 four-circle diffractometer with three-axis energy analysis". Archived from the original on 2001-04-30.
  14. ↑ "1 T1 Double Focusing Thermal Triple Axis Spectrometer" (PDF). 2003. pp. 67–68.
  15. ↑ "2 T1 Thermal Neutron Triple Axis Spectrometer" (PDF). 2003. pp. 69–70.
  16. ↑ "4 F 1 Cold Neutron Three Axis Spectrometer" (PDF). 2003. pp. 71–72.
  17. ↑ "4 F 2 Cold Neutron Three Axis Spectrometer" (PDF). 2003. pp. 73–74.
  18. ↑ "Spin Polarized Inelastic Neutron Spectrometer (SPINS)". www.ncnr.nist.gov.
  19. ↑ "BT-7 Double Focusing Triple-Axis Spectrometer". NIST. December 19, 2018 – via www.nist.gov.
  20. ↑ "CHRNS MACS - The Multi-Axis Crystal Spectrometer". NIST. April 2, 2019 – via www.nist.gov.
  21. ↑ "Cold Neutron Triple-Axis Spectrometer | Neutron Science at ORNL". neutrons.ornl.gov.
  22. ↑ "Polarized Triple-Axis Spectrometer | Neutron Science at ORNL". neutrons.ornl.gov.
  23. ↑ "Versatile Intense Triple-Axis Spectrometer | Neutron Science at ORNL". neutrons.ornl.gov.
  24. ↑ "Triple-Axis Spectrometer | Neutron Science at ORNL". neutrons.ornl.gov.
  25. ↑ "ANSTO | Taipan". Archived from the original on May 14, 2009.
  26. ↑ "Beryllium Filter Option". Archived from the original on 2013-05-12.
  27. ↑ "ANSTO | Sika". Archived from the original on May 14, 2009.
  28. ↑ "MU Research Reactor - Material Sciences".
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