Ulick Burke
Marquess of Clanricarde
Painted portrait of the 1st Marquess of Clanricarde
Tenure1646–1657
PredecessorRichard, 4th Earl of Clanricarde
SuccessorRichard, 6th Earl of Clanricarde
Born1604
London (?)
DiedJuly 1657
Kent, England
BuriedWestminster Abbey
Spouse(s)Anne Compton
IssueMargaret Burke
FatherRichard, 4th Earl of Clanricarde
MotherFrances Walsingham

Ulick MacRichard Burke, 1st Marquess of Clanricarde, 5th Earl of Clanricarde, 2nd Earl of St Albans (English: /ˈjuːlɪk/; English: /klænˈrɪkɑːrd/; YOO-lik; klan-RIK-ard; 1604, in London – July 1657, in Kent), was an Anglo-Irish nobleman who was involved in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms. A Catholic Royalist who had overall command of the Irish forces during the later stages of the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland, he was created Marquess of Clanricarde (1646).

Birth and origins

Family tree
Ulick Burke with wife, parents, and selected relatives.[lower-alpha 1]
Ulick
3rd Earl
d. 1601		Honora
Burke
b. c. 1535
Richard
4th Earl
1572–1635		Frances
Walsingham
1567–1633		William
Burke
d. 1626		Joan
O'Shaugh-
nessy
Ulick
1st Marquess
1604–1657		Anne
Compton		Richard
6th Earl
d. 1666		William
7th Earl
d. 1687		Lettice
Shirley
c. 1617 – 1655
Richard
8th Earl
d. aft. 1708		John
9th Earl
1642–1722		Mary
Talbot
d. 1711
Michael
10th Earl
1686–1726		Anne
Smith
d. 1733
Legend
XXXSubject of
the article		XXXEarls & Marquesses
of Clanricarde		XXXEarls of
Clancarty

Ulick was the son of Richard Burke, 4th Earl of Clanricarde by his wife Frances Walsingham.[1] Ulick's father was from an Anglo-Norman family who had been long settled in the west of Ireland. Although during the early sixteenth century the family had rebelled against the Crown on several occasions, Ulick's father had been a strong supporter of Queen Elizabeth. He fought on the Queen's side during Tyrone's Rebellion, notably at the victorious Battle of Kinsale, where he was wounded. After the war, he married the widow of Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex, a recent commander in Ireland, who was the daughter of the English Secretary of State and spymaster Sir Francis Walsingham.

The Marquess's English residence, Somerhill House
Portumna Castle: The Marquess's Irish residence

Marriage

In 1622, Ulick married Anne Compton, daughter of William Compton, 1st Earl of Northampton, and his wife, Elizabeth Spencer.[1]

Ulick and Anne had an only child, Margaret (died 1698), who married:

Early career

Ulick was summoned to the House of Lords as Lord Burgh in 1628, and succeeded his father as 5th Earl of Clanricarde in 1635.[1] In 1636, he inherited Somerhill House on the death of his father.[2] He was a staunch opponent of the policies of the Lord Deputy of Ireland, Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford, who had attempted to seize much of the great Burke inheritance in Connacht for the Crown; there was also personal ill-feeling between the two men since the dispute was thought by many to have hastened the death of Ulick's elderly father. He sat in the Short Parliament of 1640 and attended King Charles I on the Scottish expedition.[1] Charles, unlike Strafford, liked and trusted Lord Clanricarde.

Wars of the Three Kingdoms

Somerhill was sequestered by Parliament in 1645, following the Battle of Naseby.[2] During the Irish Confederate Wars, Lord Clanricarde supported the Royalist leader Ormonde in defending Ireland for Charles I against the Parliamentarians by uniting Catholic and Protestant nobles (he being Catholic). He did not join the Catholic Confederate Ireland, but instead helped to broker a military alliance between the Confederates and English Royalists. He commanded the forces of this alliance during the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland, after Lord Ormonde fled the country, and soldiers of his Connaught army helped to win a minor victory at the Battle of Tecroghan. Only a few months later, however, his army was wiped out during the Battle of Meelick Island. Clanricarde was a skilful diplomat but not a great soldier. Like Ormonde, Clanricarde was distrusted by most Catholics in Ireland (he was widely considered to be a friend of the notorious Charles Coote) and thus was thus not capable of halting the Parliamentarian conquest of the country. He was also widely regarded as a man whose actions were governed almost entirely by self-interest.

Later life

In 1652, Lord Clanricarde made peace with the victorious Oliver Cromwell. He lost his lands in the Act of Settlement 1652 but his heirs regained them after the Restoration of Charles II in the Act of Settlement 1662. On his death, the marquessate became extinct; the earldom passed to his cousin Richard.[3][4]

Arms

Coat of arms of Ulick Burke, 1st Marquess of Clanricarde
Crest
A Cat-a-Mountain sejant guardant proper, collared and chained Or.
Escutcheon
Or, a cross gules in the first quarter a lion rampant sable.
Supporters
Two Cats-a-Mountain sejant guardant proper, collared and chained Or.[5][6]
Motto
UNG ROY, UNG FOY, UNG LOY (One king, one faith, one law)

Notes and references

Notes

  1. ↑ Also see the mention of his daughter in the text.

Citations

  1. 1 2 3 4 One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Yorke, Philip Chesney (1911). "Clanricarde, Ulick de Burgh, Marquess of". In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 421–422.
  2. 1 2 Colbran, John (1840). Colbran's New Guide for Tunbridge Wells. Cornhill, London: A H Bailey & Co. pp. 332–33. (p 332, p 333)
  3. ↑ "Burke [de Burgh], Ulick, marquess of Clanricarde (1604–1658), landowner and politician". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/3996. ISBN 978-0-19-861412-8. Retrieved 21 December 2021. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  4. ↑ "Burke, Ulick | Dictionary of Irish Biography". www.dib.ie. Retrieved 21 December 2021.
  5. ↑ Burke, John; Burke, Bernard (1844). Encyclopædia of Heraldry: Or General Armory of England, Scotland, and Ireland, Comprising a Registry of All Armorial Bearings from the Earliest to the Present Time, Including the Late Grants by the College of Arms. H. G. Bohn.
  6. ↑ Burke, Bernard (1884). The general armory of England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales; comprising a registry of armorial bearings from the earliest to the present time. University of California Libraries. London : Harrison & sons.

Sources

Further reading

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