Ulmus minor 'Coritana'
Ulmus minor 'Coritana', drawing by Melville, 1949 of a tree (ref 46.31), 1⁄4 mile west of Ermine Street on the Tadlow Road, Cambridgeshire.[1]
SpeciesUlmus minor
Cultivar'Coritana'
OriginEngland

The Field Elm cultivar Ulmus minor 'Coritana' was originally claimed by Melville, while he was searching in the neighbourhood of Leicestershire in 1936 for U. elegantissima, as a new species, which he called U. coritana. He later recorded its distribution in the counties of Bedfordshire, Berkshire, Buckinghamshire, Cambridgeshire, Essex, Hertfordshire, Leicestershire, Nottinghamshire, Norfolk, Oxfordshire, Suffolk and Warwickshire.[1] Richens, however, dismissed U. coritana as 'an artificial aggregate' of local forms of Field Elm.[2][3] Bean noted (1988) that Melville's U. coritana was not recognised in the Flora of the British Isles as a species distinct from U. carpinifolia [:U. minor].[4][5]

By the proposed rule that known or suspected clones of U. minor, once cultivated and named, should be treated as cultivars, the tree would be designated U. minor 'Coritana'.[6]

Description

Described as a rather spreading tree less than 20 m (66 ft) high, with ascending branches and rather open crown. Melville identified three varieties of U. coritana: var. rotundifolia,[7][8] var. media[9] and var. angustifolia,[10] the three being connected by intermediate forms whose leaves decreased in breadth and increased in asymmetry from south to north. "The species was distinctive," summarized Gerald Wilkinson, "not by its spreading, open crown, but by the bright green, leathery texture and marked asymmetry of its leaves."[11] Melville described the leaves as "the most asymmetrical of any British elm" and included a drawing of them in his 1946 paper, 'The British Elms', in The New Naturalist.[12]

A 2007 study of the elms of County Cork, Ireland, identified a number of introduced field elms there (aside from the known Cornish elms) as closest to Melville's 'Coritana',[13] on account of the leaf's curved midrib and petiole and other diagnostic features.[14]

Etymology

Melville named U. coritana after the ancient British tribe, the Coritani, who had occupied part of the territory in which he found the elm.[15]

Pests and diseases

Like other members of the U. minor group, Melville's 'Coritana' are susceptible to Dutch elm disease, but as they produce abundant root-suckers immature specimens probably survive in their areas of origin.

Cultivation

Specimens held by the Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew and Wakehurst Place were listed under the species name U. coritana.

Hybrids

Melville considered that both 'Hunnybunii' and 'Sowerbyi' were hybrids of 'Coritana'.[1] He also believed that an elm he called Ulmus × diversifolia had 'Coritana' in its parentage.[16] Kew and Wakehurst Place lists include putative hybrids between 'Coritana' and other forms of U. minor, and between 'Coritana' and Ulmus glabra.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Melville, Ronald (1949). "The Coritanian Elm". Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Botany. 53 (352): 263–271. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1949.tb00418.x.
  2. ↑ Richens, R. H., Elm (Cambridge 1983)
  3. ↑ Bean, W. J. (1988) Trees and shrubs hardy in Great Britain, 8th edition, Murray, London
  4. ↑ Clapham, A. R. (1968). Excursion flora of the British Isles (2 ed.). Cambridge, London: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521046565.
  5. ↑ "Ulmus coritana Melville". Bean's Trees and Shrubs. International Dendrology Society.
  6. ↑ Coleman, Max (2002). "British elms". British Wildlife. 13 (6): 390–395.
  7. ↑ Herbarium specimens at Kew described as Ulmus coritana var. rotundifolia Melville : K000852658 to K000852660.
  8. ↑ "Herbarium specimen - L.1586680". Botany catalogues. Naturalis Biodiversity Center. Sheet labelled U. coritana var. rotundifolia (Melville specimen), Billericay, Essex (1938)
  9. ↑ Herbarium specimens at Kew described as Ulmus coritana var. media Melville : K000852664 to K000852667.
  10. ↑ Herbarium specimens at Kew described as Ulmus coritana var. angustifolia Melville : K000852661 to K000852663
  11. ↑ Wilkinson, Gerald, Epitaph for the Elm, London 1978,  p.76
  12. ↑ Melville, Ronald, 'The British Elms', The New Naturalist, 1946,  p.41
  13. ↑ Photo of conjectured Ulmus minor var. coritana, Lissagriffin, Co. Cork, ulmen-handbuch.de
  14. ↑ Mackenthun, G. L. (2007) 'The elms of Co. Cork - a survey of species, varieties and forms'. Irish Forestry, Vol 64, (1 & 2) 2007; p.50, p.56
  15. ↑ Melville, Ronald, 'The British Elms', The New Naturalist, 1946
  16. ↑ "U. × diversifolia Melville". Bean's Trees and Shrubs. International Dendrology Society.
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