Joe Biden speaking with a citizen during his first “Weekly Conversation” as President.
Franklin D. Roosevelt after giving one of his fireside chats, the predecessor to the Weekly Address.

The weekly address of the president of the United States (also known as the Weekly (Radio) Address or Your Weekly Address) is the weekly speech by the president of the United States to the nation. Franklin D. Roosevelt was the first U.S. president to deliver such radio addresses. Ronald Reagan revived the practice of delivering a weekly Saturday radio broadcast in 1982,[1] and his successors all continued the practice until Donald Trump ceased doing so seventeen months into his term.

As the Internet became mainstream during the 1990s, the weekly address was made available on other media. George W. Bush introduced an audio podcast feed and Barack Obama introduced a weekly video address during his presidential transition period. Donald Trump continued the weekly video address for the first nine months of his administration, after which he ended the practice.[2] He later released occasional "weekly" addresses before ceasing the tradition in June 2018.[3]

Joe Biden revived the practice of making a weekly address in February 2021 in the form of “Weekly Conversations”, answering prepared questions or concerns from citizens. In July 2021, he stopped doing Weekly Conversations. As vice president, Biden made weekly addresses on behalf of Barack Obama during the Obama administration.[4]

History

Franklin D. Roosevelt first used what would become known as fireside chats in 1929 as Governor of New York.[5] His third gubernatorial address—April 3, 1929, on WGY radio—is cited by Roosevelt biographer Frank Freidel as being the first fireside chat.[6] As president he continued the tradition, which he called his fireside chats. The success of these presidential addresses encouraged their continuation by future presidents.

The practice of regularly scheduled addresses began in 1982 when President Ronald Reagan started delivering a radio broadcast every Saturday.[7] Conservative journalist William A. Rusher, who publicly urged Reagan to begin the series of broadcasts, explicitly referred to the "fireside chats" and compared Reagan's communications skills to those of Roosevelt. During a sound check in preparation for his radio address of August 11, 1984, Reagan made the following comments in jest, which were later leaked to the general public: "My fellow Americans, I'm pleased to tell you today that I've signed legislation that will outlaw Russia forever. We begin bombing in five minutes."[8]

George H. W. Bush did not regularly record a weekly radio address; he recorded only a total of 18 addresses during his term in office, most toward the latter part.[9][10][11] Bill Clinton regularly recorded a weekly radio address, often going over ten minutes with some speeches early in his term. George W. Bush was the first president to deliver the weekly radio address in English and Spanish, which he continued to throughout his presidency.[12] Later, George W. Bush began to have his addresses posted as an audio podcast once that technology became popular.[13]

Barack Obama used YouTube for regular video addresses as President-elect and since his inauguration the weekly addresses have continued on the White House website,[14] the official White House YouTube channel, and networks such as C-SPAN, with the 24-hour cable news channels and network morning shows usually airing the full address only if the topic involves a breaking news event; short summaries of the address and the talking points within were otherwise edited and presented within regular news reports throughout each Saturday.

Until his final broadcast, Donald Trump continued to use the video address as his predecessor did. His weekly address also webcast on Facebook as a live stream, releasing the address on Fridays instead of Saturdays.

It has long become customary for the president's Weekly Radio Address to be followed by a response from the opposition party. When the president is a Democrat, the opposition's response is given by a Republican and vice versa. This response is not limited to only responding by the subject of the president's address, but may address other topics of political or social interest, a tribute to a figure who has died in the last week, a general patriotic message on holiday weekends (the latter two of which can also be part of the presidential address), or other concerns working through the Senate or House which have not yet been addressed by the executive branch. Despite the discontinuation of the president's weekly addresses, the Democrats still continued their weekly address through the remainder of the Trump administration.

A common complaint about the president's Weekly Radio Address pre-digital age (but remaining in the mainstream) is that only a few radio stations (mainly public radio and all-news radio outlets, a format very rare outside of major metropolitan areas) cover the very short broadcasts, they are not advertised publicly, and very few Americans are able to find address coverage on their local radio dial; Saturday mornings usually have brokered or paid programming carried on most commercial radio stations.[13]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Reagan signs off with 331st weekly radio address". Deseret News. Associated Press. January 15, 1989. p. A3. Retrieved March 12, 2010.
  2. ↑ "President Trump Goes Radio Silent". VOA News. Retrieved December 25, 2018.
  3. ↑ "Your Weekly Address". YouTube. Retrieved December 25, 2018.
  4. ↑ "Biden to Revive Weekly Address That Faded Under Trump". New York Times. February 5, 2021. Retrieved February 19, 2021.
  5. ↑ Burns, James MacGregor (1996). Roosevelt : the lion and the fox. New York, NY: Smithmark. p. 118. ISBN 978-0831756116.
  6. ↑ Storm, Geoffrey (Spring 2007). "Roosevelt and WGY: The Origins of the Fireside Chats". New York History: Quarterly Journal of the New York State Historical Association. New York State Historical Association. 88 (2): 183–85 (177–197). ISSN 0146-437X. Retrieved January 2, 2013.
  7. ↑ "Reagan signs off with 331st weekly radio address". Deseret News. Associated Press. January 15, 1989. p. A3. Retrieved January 2, 2013.
  8. ↑ "Remembering President Reagan For His Humor – A Classic Radio Gaffe". About, Inc. Archived from the original on April 3, 2013. Retrieved February 7, 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  9. ↑ "George Herbert Walker Bush/Presidential radio addresses". Wikisource. Retrieved July 22, 2018.
  10. ↑ Herman, Steve. "President Trump Goes Radio Silent". VOA News. Voice of America. Retrieved July 22, 2018.
  11. ↑ Kaid, Lynda Lee; Holtz-Bacha, Christina (2008). Encyclopedia of Political Communication, Volume 1. Los Angeles: Sage Publications. p. 698. ISBN 9781412917995.
  12. ↑ Fernandez, Maria Elena (May 6, 2001), "Bush Tries His Hand at Spanish in Radio Talk", Los Angeles Times, George W. Bush made history on Cinco de Mayo by becoming the first president to deliver a version of his weekly radio address from the Oval Office entirely in Spanish.
  13. 1 2 Viser, Matt (July 7, 2014). "Obama holds to weekly radio tradition". Boston Globe. Retrieved January 31, 2015.
  14. ↑ President Obama's Weekly Video Address from the White House website
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