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Elections in Kansas |
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The 2012 United States presidential election in Kansas took place on November 6, 2012, as part of the 2012 United States presidential election in which all 50 states plus the District of Columbia participated. Kansas voters chose six electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting incumbent Democratic President Barack Obama and his running mate, Vice President Joe Biden, against Republican challenger and former Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney and his running mate, Congressman Paul Ryan. Romney and Ryan carried the state with 59.59 percent of the popular vote to Obama's and Biden's 38.00 percent, thus winning the state's six electoral votes.[1]
Obama carried only two counties: Douglas, home to Lawrence and the University of Kansas; and Wyandotte, home to Kansas City and the state's largest concentration of nonwhite voters. He lost Crawford County, home to Pittsburg State University, which he won in 2008, thereby making him the first Democrat to win the White House without carrying this county since John F. Kennedy in 1960.
Caucuses
Democratic caucuses
No major Democratic candidate challenged President Obama for the Democratic nomination in 2012. Obama thus won all 517 votes at the State Convention on June 9 and all 53 delegates.
Republican caucuses
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Kansas results by county
Rick Santorum
Mitt Romney
No votes |
2012 U.S. presidential election | |
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Democratic Party | |
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The Republican caucuses were held on Saturday, March 10, 2012.[2][3] Kansas has 40 delegates to the 2012 Republican National Convention. 25 of these delegates are allocated proportionally to candidates who exceed a 20% threshold in the statewide vote tally. The 15 remaining delegates are 'winner-take-all' delegates. 12 delegates are given (3 each) to the candidates with most votes in each of Kansas's 4 congressional districts. 3 delegates are awarded to the candidate with most votes statewide.[4]
Rick Santorum won the caucus and will receive 33 delegates. He won the state with 51% of the statewide vote and received most votes in all of the congressional districts, thus winning 15 delegates. As only Santorum and Mitt Romney exceeded the 20% threshold, 18 of the 25 proportionally allocated delegates were allocated to Santorum and 7 to Romney.
2012 Kansas Republican caucuses | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Candidate | Votes | Percentage | Delegates | |
Rick Santorum | 15,290 | 51.2% | 33 | |
Mitt Romney | 6,250 | 20.9% | 7 | |
Newt Gingrich | 4,298 | 14.4% | 0 | |
Ron Paul | 3,767 | 12.6% | 0 | |
Uncommitted | 122 | 0.4% | 0 | |
Herman Cain | 39 | 0.1% | 0 | |
Jon Huntsman | 38 | 0.1% | 0 | |
Rick Perry | 37 | 0.1% | 0 | |
Michele Bachmann | 16 | 0.1% | 0 | |
Totals | 29,857 | 100% | 0 |
Key: | Withdrew prior to contest |
General election results
2012 United States presidential election in Kansas | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Running mate | Votes | Percentage | Electoral votes | |
Republican | Mitt Romney | Paul Ryan | 689,809 | 59.59% | 6 | |
Democratic | Barack Obama | Joe Biden | 439,908 | 38.00% | 0 | |
Libertarian | Gary Johnson | Jim Gray | 20,409 | 1.77% | 0 | |
Reform | Chuck Baldwin | Joseph Martin | 4,990 | 0.43% | 0 | |
Green (Write-In) | Jill Stein | Cheri Honkala | 714 | 0.06% | 0 | |
Constitution (Write-In) | Virgil Goode | Jim Clymer | 187 | 0.02% | 0 | |
Justice (Write-In) | Rocky Anderson | Luis J. Rodriguez | 95 | 0.01% | 0 | |
Peace & Freedom (Write-In) | Roseanne Barr | Cindy Sheehan | 58 | 0.01% | 0 | |
Other Write-Ins | Other Write-Ins | 84 | 0.01% | 0 | ||
Totals | 1,156,254 | 100.00% | 6 |
Results by county
County[5] | Mitt Romney Republican |
Barack Obama Democratic |
Gary Johnson Libertarian |
Charles Baldwin Reform |
Various candidates Other parties |
Margin | Total votes cast | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
# | % | # | % | # | % | # | % | # | % | # | % | ||
Allen | 3,316 | 62.45% | 1,869 | 35.20% | 75 | 1.41% | 43 | 0.81% | 7 | 0.13% | 1,447 | 27.25% | 5,310 |
Anderson | 2,276 | 68.66% | 944 | 28.48% | 74 | 2.23% | 18 | 0.54% | 3 | 0.09% | 1,332 | 40.18% | 3,315 |
Atchison | 3,917 | 58.69% | 2,567 | 38.46% | 148 | 2.22% | 35 | 0.52% | 7 | 0.10% | 1,350 | 20.23% | 6,674 |
Barber | 1,772 | 76.58% | 482 | 20.83% | 42 | 1.82% | 16 | 0.69% | 2 | 0.09% | 1,290 | 55.75% | 2,314 |
Barton | 7,874 | 76.14% | 2,297 | 22.21% | 123 | 1.19% | 46 | 0.44% | 1 | 0.01% | 5,577 | 53.93% | 10,341 |
Bourbon | 4,102 | 65.59% | 1,996 | 31.92% | 110 | 1.76% | 40 | 0.64% | 6 | 0.10% | 2,106 | 33.67% | 6,254 |
Brown | 2,829 | 70.85% | 1,076 | 26.95% | 64 | 1.60% | 24 | 0.60% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,753 | 43.90% | 3,993 |
Butler | 18,157 | 69.61% | 7,282 | 27.92% | 459 | 1.76% | 119 | 0.46% | 68 | 0.26% | 10,875 | 41.69% | 26,085 |
Chase | 875 | 68.84% | 358 | 28.17% | 27 | 2.12% | 8 | 0.63% | 3 | 0.24% | 517 | 40.67% | 1,271 |
Chautauqua | 1,304 | 80.00% | 280 | 17.18% | 34 | 2.09% | 12 | 0.74% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,024 | 62.82% | 1,630 |
Cherokee | 5,456 | 63.66% | 2,930 | 34.19% | 145 | 1.69% | 40 | 0.47% | 0 | 0.00% | 2,526 | 29.47% | 8,571 |
Cheyenne | 1,159 | 81.28% | 233 | 16.34% | 25 | 1.75% | 9 | 0.63% | 0 | 0.00% | 926 | 64.94% | 1,426 |
Clark | 805 | 79.15% | 174 | 17.11% | 24 | 2.36% | 14 | 1.38% | 0 | 0.00% | 631 | 62.04% | 1,017 |
Clay | 2,788 | 75.64% | 834 | 22.63% | 45 | 1.22% | 19 | 0.52% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,954 | 53.01% | 3,686 |
Cloud | 2,954 | 72.79% | 974 | 24.00% | 106 | 2.61% | 20 | 0.49% | 4 | 0.10% | 1,980 | 48.79% | 4,058 |
Coffey | 2,903 | 74.32% | 898 | 22.99% | 81 | 2.07% | 20 | 0.51% | 4 | 0.10% | 2,005 | 51.33% | 3,906 |
Comanche | 767 | 82.65% | 143 | 15.41% | 16 | 1.72% | 2 | 0.22% | 0 | 0.00% | 624 | 67.24% | 928 |
Cowley | 8,081 | 63.58% | 4,319 | 33.98% | 225 | 1.77% | 80 | 0.63% | 5 | 0.04% | 3,762 | 29.60% | 12,710 |
Crawford | 7,708 | 51.25% | 6,826 | 45.39% | 320 | 2.13% | 71 | 0.47% | 115 | 0.76% | 882 | 5.96% | 15,040 |
Decatur | 1,218 | 79.50% | 266 | 17.36% | 42 | 2.74% | 6 | 0.39% | 0 | 0.00% | 952 | 62.14% | 1,532 |
Dickinson | 5,832 | 72.52% | 2,020 | 25.12% | 149 | 1.85% | 38 | 0.47% | 3 | 0.04% | 3,812 | 47.40% | 8,042 |
Doniphan | 2,414 | 70.94% | 902 | 26.51% | 63 | 1.85% | 24 | 0.71% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,512 | 44.43% | 3,403 |
Douglas | 17,401 | 35.91% | 29,267 | 60.39% | 1,131 | 2.33% | 162 | 0.33% | 503 | 1.04% | -11,866 | -24.48% | 48,464 |
Edwards | 1,059 | 76.46% | 298 | 21.52% | 20 | 1.44% | 8 | 0.58% | 0 | 0.00% | 761 | 54.94% | 1,385 |
Elk | 1,049 | 76.63% | 281 | 20.53% | 32 | 2.34% | 7 | 0.51% | 0 | 0.00% | 768 | 56.10% | 1,369 |
Ellis | 8,399 | 71.70% | 3,057 | 26.10% | 201 | 1.72% | 48 | 0.41% | 9 | 0.08% | 5,342 | 45.60% | 11,714 |
Ellsworth | 1,930 | 71.17% | 702 | 25.88% | 60 | 2.21% | 18 | 0.66% | 2 | 0.07% | 1,228 | 45.29% | 2,712 |
Finney | 6,219 | 68.46% | 2,682 | 29.52% | 138 | 1.52% | 44 | 0.48% | 1 | 0.01% | 3,537 | 38.94% | 9,084 |
Ford | 5,602 | 66.99% | 2,600 | 31.09% | 117 | 1.40% | 43 | 0.51% | 0 | 0.00% | 3,002 | 35.90% | 8,362 |
Franklin | 6,984 | 63.55% | 3,694 | 33.61% | 221 | 2.01% | 85 | 0.77% | 6 | 0.05% | 3,290 | 29.94% | 10,990 |
Geary | 4,372 | 55.73% | 3,332 | 42.47% | 105 | 1.34% | 29 | 0.37% | 7 | 0.09% | 1,040 | 13.26% | 7,845 |
Gove | 1,168 | 84.45% | 176 | 12.73% | 23 | 1.66% | 16 | 1.16% | 0 | 0.00% | 992 | 71.72% | 1,383 |
Graham | 1,056 | 78.81% | 256 | 19.10% | 17 | 1.27% | 10 | 0.75% | 1 | 0.07% | 800 | 59.71% | 1,340 |
Grant | 1,811 | 78.53% | 456 | 19.77% | 25 | 1.08% | 12 | 0.52% | 2 | 0.09% | 1,355 | 58.76% | 2,306 |
Gray | 1,603 | 81.87% | 324 | 16.55% | 23 | 1.17% | 6 | 0.31% | 2 | 0.10% | 1,279 | 65.32% | 1,958 |
Greeley | 543 | 81.04% | 113 | 16.87% | 12 | 1.79% | 2 | 0.30% | 0 | 0.00% | 430 | 64.17% | 670 |
Greenwood | 1,590 | 74.89% | 478 | 22.52% | 43 | 2.03% | 12 | 0.57% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,112 | 52.37% | 2,123 |
Hamilton | 693 | 79.02% | 163 | 18.59% | 17 | 1.94% | 4 | 0.46% | 0 | 0.00% | 530 | 60.43% | 877 |
Harper | 1,759 | 73.63% | 550 | 23.02% | 59 | 2.47% | 17 | 0.71% | 4 | 0.17% | 1,209 | 50.61% | 2,389 |
Harvey | 8,588 | 60.08% | 5,373 | 37.59% | 235 | 1.64% | 68 | 0.48% | 30 | 0.21% | 3,215 | 22.49% | 14,294 |
Haskell | 1,159 | 83.02% | 215 | 15.40% | 18 | 1.29% | 4 | 0.29% | 0 | 0.00% | 944 | 67.62% | 1,396 |
Hodgeman | 868 | 81.89% | 179 | 16.89% | 7 | 0.66% | 6 | 0.57% | 0 | 0.00% | 689 | 65.00% | 1,060 |
Jackson | 3,527 | 63.42% | 1,901 | 34.18% | 106 | 1.91% | 27 | 0.49% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,626 | 29.24% | 5,561 |
Jefferson | 4,827 | 60.24% | 2,977 | 37.15% | 167 | 2.08% | 38 | 0.47% | 4 | 0.05% | 1,850 | 23.09% | 8,013 |
Jewell | 1,235 | 82.50% | 229 | 15.30% | 21 | 1.40% | 12 | 0.80% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,006 | 67.20% | 1,497 |
Johnson | 158,401 | 57.58% | 110,526 | 40.18% | 4,590 | 1.67% | 611 | 0.22% | 946 | 0.35% | 47,875 | 17.40% | 275,074 |
Kearny | 1,097 | 79.15% | 268 | 19.34% | 16 | 1.15% | 5 | 0.36% | 0 | 0.00% | 829 | 59.81% | 1,386 |
Kingman | 2,397 | 74.19% | 733 | 22.69% | 70 | 2.17% | 27 | 0.84% | 4 | 0.12% | 1,664 | 51.50% | 3,231 |
Kiowa | 976 | 85.31% | 163 | 14.25% | 1 | 0.09% | 2 | 0.17% | 2 | 0.17% | 813 | 71.06% | 1,144 |
Labette | 4,742 | 59.00% | 3,117 | 38.78% | 121 | 1.51% | 47 | 0.58% | 10 | 0.12% | 1,625 | 20.22% | 8,037 |
Lane | 739 | 79.63% | 172 | 18.53% | 10 | 1.08% | 7 | 0.75% | 0 | 0.00% | 567 | 61.10% | 928 |
Leavenworth | 17,059 | 58.65% | 11,357 | 39.05% | 494 | 1.70% | 156 | 0.54% | 19 | 0.07% | 5,702 | 19.60% | 29,085 |
Lincoln | 1,165 | 78.56% | 289 | 19.49% | 18 | 1.21% | 11 | 0.74% | 0 | 0.00% | 876 | 59.07% | 1,483 |
Linn | 3,177 | 71.12% | 1,170 | 26.19% | 77 | 1.72% | 40 | 0.90% | 3 | 0.07% | 2,007 | 44.93% | 4,467 |
Logan | 1,126 | 83.41% | 197 | 14.59% | 15 | 1.11% | 12 | 0.89% | 0 | 0.00% | 929 | 68.82% | 1,350 |
Lyon | 6,470 | 54.48% | 5,111 | 43.04% | 226 | 1.90% | 65 | 0.55% | 3 | 0.03% | 1,359 | 11.44% | 11,875 |
Marion | 3,889 | 71.90% | 1,385 | 25.61% | 80 | 1.48% | 52 | 0.96% | 3 | 0.06% | 2,504 | 46.29% | 5,409 |
Marshall | 3,195 | 66.94% | 1,469 | 30.78% | 80 | 1.68% | 29 | 0.61% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,726 | 36.16% | 4,773 |
McPherson | 8,545 | 69.49% | 3,449 | 28.05% | 212 | 1.72% | 72 | 0.59% | 19 | 0.15% | 5,096 | 41.44% | 12,297 |
Meade | 1,428 | 83.56% | 258 | 15.10% | 18 | 1.05% | 5 | 0.29% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,170 | 68.46% | 1,709 |
Miami | 9,858 | 66.36% | 4,712 | 31.72% | 213 | 1.43% | 69 | 0.46% | 4 | 0.03% | 5,146 | 34.64% | 14,856 |
Mitchell | 2,327 | 78.48% | 584 | 19.70% | 16 | 0.54% | 38 | 1.28% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,743 | 58.78% | 2,965 |
Montgomery | 8,630 | 69.50% | 3,501 | 28.20% | 200 | 1.61% | 81 | 0.65% | 5 | 0.04% | 5,129 | 41.30% | 12,417 |
Morris | 1,773 | 69.20% | 718 | 28.02% | 51 | 1.99% | 20 | 0.78% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,055 | 41.18% | 2,562 |
Morton | 1,072 | 83.88% | 189 | 14.79% | 10 | 0.78% | 7 | 0.55% | 0 | 0.00% | 883 | 69.09% | 1,278 |
Nemaha | 3,930 | 78.19% | 1,000 | 19.90% | 54 | 1.07% | 41 | 0.82% | 1 | 0.02% | 2,930 | 58.29% | 5,026 |
Neosho | 4,272 | 65.93% | 2,050 | 31.64% | 102 | 1.57% | 55 | 0.85% | 1 | 0.02% | 2,222 | 34.29% | 6,480 |
Ness | 1,209 | 83.73% | 218 | 15.10% | 12 | 0.83% | 5 | 0.35% | 0 | 0.00% | 991 | 68.63% | 1,444 |
Norton | 1,878 | 80.77% | 398 | 17.12% | 35 | 1.51% | 13 | 0.56% | 1 | 0.04% | 1,480 | 63.65% | 2,325 |
Osage | 4,427 | 64.10% | 2,268 | 32.84% | 167 | 2.42% | 44 | 0.64% | 0 | 0.00% | 2,159 | 31.26% | 6,906 |
Osborne County | 1,479 | 80.47% | 324 | 17.63% | 21 | 1.14% | 14 | 0.76% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,155 | 62.84% | 1,838 |
Ottawa | 2,295 | 78.25% | 558 | 19.02% | 65 | 2.22% | 15 | 0.51% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,737 | 59.23% | 2,933 |
Pawnee | 1,836 | 70.40% | 718 | 27.53% | 40 | 1.53% | 13 | 0.50% | 1 | 0.04% | 1,118 | 42.87% | 2,608 |
Phillips | 2,135 | 83.24% | 382 | 14.89% | 36 | 1.40% | 11 | 0.43% | 1 | 0.04% | 1,753 | 68.35% | 2,565 |
Pottawatomie | 6,804 | 71.78% | 2,335 | 24.63% | 193 | 2.04% | 135 | 1.42% | 12 | 0.13% | 4,469 | 47.15% | 9,479 |
Pratt | 2,771 | 72.90% | 980 | 25.78% | 42 | 1.10% | 7 | 0.18% | 1 | 0.03% | 1,791 | 47.12% | 3,801 |
Rawlins | 1,223 | 84.70% | 190 | 13.16% | 27 | 1.87% | 4 | 0.28% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,033 | 71.54% | 1,444 |
Reno | 15,718 | 64.36% | 8,085 | 33.11% | 440 | 1.80% | 156 | 0.64% | 23 | 0.09% | 7,633 | 31.25% | 24,422 |
Republic | 2,134 | 79.45% | 477 | 17.76% | 50 | 1.86% | 25 | 0.93% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,657 | 61.69% | 2,686 |
Rice | 2,676 | 72.70% | 911 | 24.75% | 65 | 1.77% | 29 | 0.79% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,765 | 47.95% | 3,681 |
Riley | 11,507 | 54.53% | 8,977 | 42.54% | 488 | 2.31% | 73 | 0.35% | 56 | 0.27% | 2,530 | 11.99% | 21,101 |
Rooks | 2,038 | 82.85% | 361 | 14.67% | 45 | 1.83% | 15 | 0.61% | 1 | 0.04% | 1,677 | 68.18% | 2,460 |
Rush | 1,166 | 74.27% | 367 | 23.38% | 31 | 1.97% | 6 | 0.38% | 0 | 0.00% | 799 | 50.89% | 1,570 |
Russell | 2,553 | 79.78% | 593 | 18.53% | 33 | 1.03% | 21 | 0.66% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,960 | 61.25% | 3,200 |
Saline | 13,840 | 64.38% | 7,040 | 32.75% | 505 | 2.35% | 96 | 0.45% | 15 | 0.07% | 6,800 | 31.63% | 21,496 |
Scott | 1,728 | 84.21% | 277 | 13.50% | 37 | 1.80% | 10 | 0.49% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,451 | 70.71% | 2,052 |
Sedgwick | 106,506 | 58.23% | 71,977 | 39.35% | 3,521 | 1.93% | 683 | 0.37% | 208 | 0.11% | 34,529 | 18.88% | 182,895 |
Seward | 3,617 | 69.88% | 1,490 | 28.79% | 55 | 1.06% | 14 | 0.27% | 0 | 0.00% | 2,127 | 41.09% | 5,176 |
Shawnee | 37,782 | 49.38% | 36,975 | 48.33% | 1,369 | 1.79% | 321 | 0.42% | 61 | 0.08% | 807 | 1.05% | 76,508 |
Sheridan | 1,154 | 85.99% | 168 | 12.52% | 17 | 1.27% | 3 | 0.22% | 0 | 0.00% | 986 | 73.47% | 1,342 |
Sherman | 1,976 | 75.33% | 577 | 22.00% | 49 | 1.87% | 17 | 0.65% | 4 | 0.15% | 1,399 | 53.33% | 2,623 |
Smith | 1,624 | 80.28% | 358 | 17.70% | 26 | 1.29% | 15 | 0.74% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,266 | 62.58% | 2,023 |
Stafford | 1,385 | 75.31% | 404 | 21.97% | 31 | 1.69% | 17 | 0.92% | 2 | 0.11% | 981 | 53.34% | 1,839 |
Stanton | 605 | 79.71% | 143 | 18.84% | 6 | 0.79% | 5 | 0.66% | 0 | 0.00% | 462 | 60.87% | 759 |
Stevens | 1,749 | 85.99% | 252 | 12.39% | 23 | 1.13% | 10 | 0.49% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,497 | 73.60% | 2,034 |
Sumner | 6,260 | 68.48% | 2,658 | 29.08% | 156 | 1.71% | 59 | 0.65% | 8 | 0.09% | 3,602 | 39.40% | 9,141 |
Thomas | 2,788 | 80.25% | 598 | 17.21% | 68 | 1.96% | 20 | 0.58% | 0 | 0.00% | 2,190 | 63.04% | 3,474 |
Trego | 1,261 | 79.86% | 291 | 18.43% | 19 | 1.20% | 7 | 0.44% | 1 | 0.06% | 970 | 61.43% | 1,579 |
Wabaunsee | 2,256 | 69.05% | 918 | 28.10% | 58 | 1.78% | 35 | 1.07% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,338 | 40.95% | 3,267 |
Wallace | 719 | 90.10% | 68 | 8.52% | 8 | 1.00% | 3 | 0.38% | 0 | 0.00% | 651 | 81.58% | 798 |
Washington | 2,316 | 80.17% | 524 | 18.14% | 38 | 1.32% | 11 | 0.38% | 0 | 0.00% | 1,792 | 62.03% | 2,889 |
Wichita | 821 | 83.18% | 157 | 15.91% | 4 | 0.41% | 5 | 0.51% | 0 | 0.00% | 664 | 67.27% | 987 |
Wilson | 2,825 | 76.00% | 818 | 22.01% | 47 | 1.26% | 27 | 0.73% | 0 | 0.00% | 2,007 | 53.99% | 3,717 |
Woodson | 1,035 | 71.53% | 380 | 26.26% | 21 | 1.45% | 7 | 0.48% | 4 | 0.28% | 655 | 45.27% | 1,447 |
Wyandotte | 15,496 | 30.45% | 34,302 | 67.40% | 692 | 1.36% | 205 | 0.40% | 198 | 0.38% | -18,806 | -36.95% | 50,893 |
Totals | 689,809 | 59.59% | 439,908 | 38.00% | 20,409 | 1.76% | 4,990 | 0.43% | 2,416 | 0.21% | 249,901 | 21.59% | 1,157,532 |
Counties that flipped from Democratic to Republican
Results by congressional district
Romney won all four congressional districts.[6]
District | Romney | Obama | Representative |
---|---|---|---|
1st | 70.1% | 27.64% | Tim Huelskamp |
2nd | 55.4% | 42.23% | Lynn Jenkins |
3rd | 53.8% | 44.3% | Kevin Yoder |
4th | 61.6% | 36.1% | Mike Pompeo |
See also
References
- ↑ "2012 Presidential General Election Results — Kansas". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Retrieved January 4, 2013.
- ↑ "Primary and Caucus Printable Calendar". CNN. Retrieved January 12, 2012.
- ↑ "Presidential Primary Dates" (PDF). Federal Election Commission. Retrieved January 23, 2012.
- ↑ Nate Silver (March 9, 2012). "Kansas Offers Santorum Chance for Big Delegate Grab". FiveThirtyEight. Retrieved March 11, 2012.
- ↑ "KS US President, November 06, 2012". Our Campaigns.
- ↑ "Daily Kos Elections' statewide election results by congressional and legislative districts". Daily Kos. Retrieved August 11, 2020.
External links
- The Green Papers: for Kansas
- The Green Papers: Major state elections in chronological order