This is a list of physical RF and video connectors and related video signal standards.
Common display interfaces, to scale
By signal standard
| Signal standard name | Introduction year | Connector | Type | Max. resolution | Used for | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Composite video | 1956[1] | 1 RCA, BNC, TV Aerial Plug, Mini-VGA, DIN 5-pin,[2] SCART 21-pin | Analog | 576 lines tv compatible
625 lines tv compatible |
Consumer electronics, including VCR and LaserDisc, 1970–1980s home computers like the VIC-20, 1980s–1990s video game consoles, some laptops, some single-board computers like the Raspberry Pi | Used with PAL, NTSC or SECAM color. |
| RGBS | 1977 | SCART 21-pin (a.ka. Peritel), JP-21 | Consumer electronics, Early home computers such as Commodore Amiga, Acorn Archimedes and various gaming consoles such as the Mega Drive and Super NES | SCART is a European "unified" A/V interface for bi-directional stereo audio, composite video and s-video, and unidirectional RGBS and data. YPBPR is also available in some non-standard set-ups via the RGB pins. | ||
| S-Video (a.k.a. separate video, split video, super-video, and Y/C) | 1979 | 1 Mini-DIN 4-pin, 1 Mini-DIN 7-pin, 1 Mini-VGA, 2 BNC, 2 RCA connectors, 8-pin DIN,[2] SCART 21-pin | S-VHS, some laptop computers, analog broadcast video, 1980-1990s home computers including the Commodore 64, C128 and Atari 8-bit | The 4-pin mini-DIN that is most common in consumer products today debuted in JVC's 1987 S-VHS. The 7-pin mini-DIN is commonly used on laptops. Used with PAL, NTSC or SECAM color. Where two connectors are used, they are labeled Chroma and Luma. | ||
| MDA | 1981 | DE-9 | Digital | 720 × 350 @ 50, Text only | IBM PC, PC/XT, PC/AT and compatibles | |
| RGBI | 640 × 200 @ 60 | |||||
| CGA DE-9 | ||||||
| HGC | 1982 | DE-9[3] | 720 × 348 @ 50 | |||
| EGA | 1984 | DE-9 | 640 × 350 @ 60 | |||
| Amiga video | 1985 | DB23 | Both, GenLock | 1280 × 400/512 @ 30/25 | Commodore Amiga | Similar to SCART, but also includes a digital RGBI signal, Genlock clock, composite sync and +12/+5VDC power [4] |
| RGBHV | 1987 | VGA connector (DE-15/HD-15), DE-9, separate BNC connectors, Mini-VGA, DVI/Mini-DVI/Micro-DVI. | Analog | 2048 × 1536 @ 85[5] | The VGA connector was Introduced with IBM x86 machines, but became a universal analog display interface. Display Data Channel was later added to allow monitors to identify themselves to graphic cards, and graphic cards to modify monitor settings. | Successor analog protocols include SVGA, XGA, etc. DVI is a more modern digital alternative. Where BNC is used, available as 3 connectors with Sync on Green, or 5 connector Red / Green / Blue / Horizontal Sync / Vertical sync. |
| Mac-II/Quadra DA15F | 1152 × 870 @ 75[6] | Macintosh | Mac-DA15F and Sun-13W3 were similar in capability to VGA. Some Sun machines used 4 or 5 BNC connectors to transfer video signal. | |||
| 1990 | 13W3 DB13W3 | 1152 × 900 @ 76 | Workstations. Sun, SGI et al. | |||
| Gigabit Video Interface (GVIF) | 1996 | Digital | Automotive | Sony proprietary | ||
| OpenLDI | 1998 | MDR36 | LVDS Digital | |||
| YPBPR (a.k.a. component video) | 1990s | 3 RCA or BNC connectors, Apple-AAUI, D-Terminal, SCART 21-pin | Analog | 1920 × 1080 @ 60[7] | Consumer electronics | Also referred to as Component video and YUV
D-Terminal uses voltage levels to signal resolution. |
| Digital Visual Interface (DVI) | 1999 | DVI, Mini-DVI, Micro-DVI | Both | 2560 × 1600 @ 60 3840 × 2400 @ 33 | Video cards | Almost a ubiquitous computer display link. Uncompressed video only. High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection (HDCP) encryption is optional. |
| 2000 | Apple Display Connector (ADC) | 2560 × 1600 @ 60 | Apple Inc. Macintoshes and monitors | Proprietary connector designed to combine DVI-I, USB, and monitor power | ||
| Serial digital interface (SDI) | 2003 | BNC | Digital | From 143 Mbit/s to 12 Gbit/s, depending on variant. 480i, 576i, 480p, 576p, 720p, 1080i, 1080p, UHDTV1, UHDTV2 | Broadcast video. Variants include SD-SDI, HD-SDI, Dual Link HD-SDI, 3G-SDI, 6G-SDI, 12G-SDI.[8] | |
| High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) | 2003 | 19 pin HDMI Type A/C | 10240 x 4320 @ 120
(version 2.1) [9] |
Many A/V systems and video cards (including motherboards with IGP) | High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection (HDCP) encryption is mandatory. | |
| DisplayPort | 2007 | 20-pin (external) 32-pin (internal) |
LVDS
Digital |
10240 × 4320 @ 60 15360 × 8640 @ 60 (version 2.0) | Apple Inc. Lenovo, HP, and Dell systems and monitors ATI RV670 based graphics cards and NVIDIA G92 graphics cards (both as OEM optional implementations) | DisplayPort introduced the 128-bit AES to replace HDCP. DisplayPort version 1.1 added support for HDCP. |
| DiiVA | 2008 | 13-pin | Digital | 2560 × 1600 @ 75 4096 × 2160 @ 24 | A/V systems | High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection (HDCP). |
| HDBaseT | 2010 | 8P8C | 4096 × 2160 @ 24 | A/V systems, data at 10.2 Gbit/s, power up to 100 watts | ||
| CoaXPress | BNC connector, DIN 1.0/2.3 | Machine vision and industrial cameras | Supports 20.83 Mbit/s uplink channel and power over the same coaxial cable | |||
| Mobile High-Definition Link (MHL) | 5 pin | 1920 × 1080 @ 60 3840 × 2160 @ 30 (version 3.0) 7680 × 4320 @ 120 (superMHL) |
Connecting mobile devices to TVs | Supports High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection (HDCP) |
Physical connectors
| Image | Class or connector name | Used for | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| RF connectors (radio frequency signals). Generally use coaxial cable types such as RG-6 and RG-59 (except for twin-lead). | |||
 Belling-Lee/IEC 169-2 connector |
TV aerial plug (a.k.a. antenna plug) | Television antenna connection for most video devices outside North America. Used by early home computers and game consoles to connect them to TVs because of the lack of any other connector. | Generally not used in North America. |
 |
BNC | Alternative to RCA for professional video electronics.
Protocols:
|
75 Ω for video signal (SDI and CoaXPress) on, for example, RG59 and RG6. 50 Ω for data link, like Ethernet on RG58. 93 Ω on RG62. |
 50 Ω (white/bottom row) and 75 Ω C connectors (red/top row) |
C connector (Concelman connector) | ||
 General Radio 874 connectors |
GR connector (General Radio connector) | Mostly seen on the company's test equipment. | Uniquely "hermaphrodite" connector, i.e. no male/female pairing. cf. Anderson connector |
 |
F connector | Used for most North American TV antenna connections, as well as satellite and cable systems worldwide. Also common in North America for early home computers and game consoles, older VCRs, RF modulators, and even CECBs due to lack of other connectors. | Once not used outside North America for TV antennas (except for satellite reception), but gaining acceptance elsewhere with advent of digital TV. |
 |
N connector (Neill connector) | Mostly seen on professional quality VHF and UHF cables and equipment. | Generally 50 Ω but has been manufactured as 75 Ω; difference being thinner centre connectors; not reliably interconnected. |
 TNC connector (left), compared with BNC (right) |
Threaded Neill-Concelman connector (TNC) | ||
 |
Twin-lead | Used for older TV antenna installations in the US and various other countries worldwide. Current use generally limited to baluns to adapt 300 Ω twin-lead to/from 75 Ω F connector. | Replaced by F connector in North America and Belling-Lee Connector in other countries outside North America. |
 |
UHF connector (e.g. PL-259/SO-239) | Despite its name, now most commonly seen on higher-power HF radio equipment, e.g. SSB transceivers. A popular choice for amateur radio enthusiasts. | 50 Ω |
D-subminiature family
| Image | Class or connector name | Used for | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
CGA, MDA, EGA connector
(DE-9) |
The historical connector used by MDA, EGA and CGA graphic cards is a female nine-pin D-subminiature (DE-9). The signal standard and pinout are backward-compatible with CGA, allowing EGA monitors to be used on CGA cards and vice versa. | Early VGA cards also used this connector. | |
 |
VGA connector (DE-15) | Became a nearly ubiquitous analog computer display connector after first being introduced with IBM x86 machines. Older VGA connectors were DE-9 (9-pin). The modern DE-15 connector can carry Display Data Channel to allow the monitor to communicate with the graphics card, and optionally vice versa.[10] | Being replaced by DVI from 1999 onward. | |
 |
DB13W3 | Analog computer video, color and monochrome. Sun Microsystems, Silicon Graphics, IBM RISC, Intergraph and some Apple Computer computer workstations. | Obsolete; replaced by VGA and DVI. Same connector was used by 3Com for a redundant PSU on the 3300 switch family. | |
DVI-related
| Image | Class or connector name | Used for | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
 Single-link DVI-D male plug.
|
Digital Visual Interface (DVI). Five variants are: DVI-I single link, DVI-I dual link, DVI-D single link, DVI-D dual link, and DVI-A. | ||
 Male Mini-DVI plug on top of a 12-inch PowerBook G4; female port is second from left. |
Mini-DVI | VGA, DVI, television. Apple Computer alternative to Mini-VGA. | Often now replaced by Mini DisplayPort. |
 Female Micro-DVI port (rightmost) on MacBook Air |
Micro-DVI | DVI-D dual link | Replaced with Mini DisplayPort. |
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DMS-59 | twin DVI (for two monitors via an adapter cable) | |
 |
Apple Display Connector | Combines DVI, USB, and power. | |
 HDMI connector plugs (male): Type D (Micro), Type C (Mini), and Type A. |
High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) | High definition digital video devices (HDMI protocol) | Electrically compatible with DVI-D and DVI-I, but not DVI-A, using a simple adapter. |
DIN/Mini-DIN
| Image | Class or connector name | Used for | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
 |
DIN-style 10-pin | CCJ connector | |
 |
Mini-DIN 4-pin | S-Video (separate video, split video, super-video, or Y/C) | |
|
|
Various Mini-DIN configurations | Various systems and protocols - see Mini-DIN for details |
Others
| Image | Class or connector name | Used for | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
 Three RCA connectors - yellow for composite video, and white and red for stereo audio |
RCA connector | Widely used in consumer electronics for audio and video. | A single connector must be used for each signal. |
 |
SCART | Consumer electronics, mostly in Europe. Carries analog stereo sound, along with composite video and/or RGB video. Some devices also support S-Video, which shares the same pins as composite video and RGB. YPBPR is also sometimes supported as a non-standard extension via the RGB pins. | |
 D4 video connector |
D-Terminal | Popular in Japan for analog high definition video. Available sizes are D1 through D5. | |
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PDMI | 30 pin receptacle including the following electrical interfaces: 2-lane DisplayPort v1.1a, USB 3.0, USB On-The-Go, Analog stereo line-out, HDMI CEC for remote control, high output power line from both host and portable device | |
 Male Mini-VGA plug on top of an Apple laptop, female port is second from right. |
Mini-VGA (used for laptops) | Used for laptops, especially from Apple Computer and some from Sony. | |
.jpg.webp) _(cropped).jpg.webp) AV Multi (gold-plated male plug) |
AV Multi | Sony proprietary. Combines composite video, S-Video, RGsB/YPBPR (both use same pins) and stereophonic sound (two analog channels). | Used for all analog audio and video out on for the PlayStation, PlayStation 2 and PlayStation 3 video game consoles. (A few early original PlayStation models featured RCA outs for composite video and stereo analog audio in addition to the AV Multi connector.) |
 |
35-pin MicroCross Molex connector | VESA Enhanced Video Connector and VESA Plug and Display (a.k.a. M1-DA) both used this connector with slightly different pin assignments. These schemes combined VGA or digital video, audio, FireWire, and USB signals into a single connector. | Deprecated. Made obsolete by DFP and later DVI. |
 |
HDI-45 | Apple proprietary. Combines Analog VGA out, stereo analog audio out, analog microphone in, S-video capture in, Apple desktop bus interface. | Proprietary connector used on Apple Macintosh Centris computers, and the Apple AudioVision 14 Display. An attempt by Apple to deal with cable clutter, by combining five separate cables from computer to monitor. |
 Female port (20-pin) |
Digital Flat Panel (DFP) | Used with the PanelLink digital video protocol. | Deprecated. Made obsolete by DVI. |
3D model of a UDI connector |
Unified Display Interface | Proposed to replace both DVI and HDMI. Deprecated by Intel in favor of DisplayPort. | |
 3.5 mm TRRS connector (male) |
3.5 mm (1⁄8 in) TRRS and TRS connector | Analog camcorders commonly use a 3.5 mm four-contact TRRS connector to carry composite video and stereo audio. | Jack appears identical to more common three-contact stereo audio-only (Walkman) 3.5 mm TRS connector. |
 |
DisplayPort | DisplayPort (DP) was designed to replace VGA, DVI, and FPD-Link and standardized by VESA.[11] It is primarily used to connect a video source to a display device such as a computer monitor. It can also carry audio, USB, and other forms of data. DisplayPort is backward compatible with other interfaces such as HDMI and DVI through the use of active or passive adapters. | |
 Male Mini DisplayPort plug |
Mini DisplayPort | Proposed alternative to HDMI, used with computer displays: (VGA, DVI) Apple Inc.'s successor to their own Mini-DVI. | The same connector is used for Intel's Thunderbolt connector, developed in cooperation with Apple. |
 |
HDBaseT (8P8C modular connector) | Used for transmission of uncompressed high-definition video, audio, Ethernet, high-power over cable and various controls, via a 100 m Cat5e/Cat6 cable with 8P8C modular connectors of the type commonly used for telephone and Ethernet LAN connections. |
See also
References
- ↑ "What is CVBS video format". Google Groups. Archived from the original on February 20, 2022. Retrieved February 19, 2022.
- 1 2 settorezero.com - Cavo di collegamento video Commodore 64 / S-Video / Scart, 2008-01-29
- ↑ "The PC video acronyms". 070820 philipstorr.id.au
- ↑ "Amiga video pinout". pinouts.ru
- ↑ 2560 × 1600 @ 60 Hz in theory, although few existing WQXGA device offers analog inputs (certain Barco projectors do)
- ↑ Capable of higher on later Macintosh models if used with the right equipment, i.e. a DA15F to VGA converter coupled with a sufficiently capable analog display
- ↑ Although YPBPR connections are theoretically capable of higher resolutions, resolutions above 1080p (1920 × 1080 @ 60p) are uncommon. Additionally, many devices limit YPBPR connections to 1080i (1920 × 1080 @ 60i) due to lack of encryption, allowing higher resolutions only via encrypted digital connections.
- ↑ "Think 12G-SDI over Coax Isn't Possible? Think Again!". www.belden.com. Archived from the original on December 29, 2016. Retrieved June 6, 2022.
- ↑ "HDMI". www.hdmi.org. Retrieved December 21, 2017.
- ↑ VGA pinout and signals @ pinouts.ru
- ↑ "DisplayPort Technical Overview" (PDF). VESA.org. 10 January 2011. Retrieved 23 January 2012
External links
- Monitor Ports Pinouts and other technical information; lacks more recent interfaces such as HDMI
- PC Graphics standard overview Simple table of PC video standards thru XGA with DB9 pinouts
- Summary of Video Standards up to XGA
- Standard and device-specific video interfaces pinouts Numerous standards described and categorized, including such recent ones as DVI and HDMI
- List of computer video standards and connectors pinouts Wiki format (including community updates and free redistribution); broad coverage including HDMI
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