The Watal are a community found in Jammu and Kashmir, India. The term 'Watal' also means cobbler in Kashmiri language. The community is known by many names such as Batal, Battal, and Batul, and have been granted Scheduled Caste status.

The Watal are a Kashmiri-speaking community, confined entirely to the Kashmir Valley. They are broadly divided into three sub-groups, the Seraj who are cobblers by profession, the Schupriya Watal who are manufacturers of the schup or winnowing fans and the Khumb Watal, who occupy the lowest status as they work as scavengers as well as tanners, occupations that are traditionally seen as polluting by other Kashmiri Muslim tribes.

The Shupir Watals, who claim to have been also known as Harmādānī Sheikh, are of uncertain origin. They are found mainly in the areas of Srinagar, Tangmarg, Baramulla and Sopore. They speak an Indo-Aryan language known as Sheikha gal or Watali.[1]

Present circumstances

According to 2001 Census of India, the Watal numbered 169, although their total numbers are probably underreported, as the name Watal carries a stigma.[2] This is seen by the fact that their entrance to temples and shrines was restricted, although this is no longer practiced, there are still occasionally prevented from entering places of worship. They are strictly endogamous, and prefer marrying close relatives. In general, their customs are similar to other Kashmiri Muslims, and the Watal are Sunni.

Watals in Hindu Community

Watal (or Wattal) is a surname in the Kashmiri Brahmin community as well. It is not clear whether this surname is associated with the profession of scavenging or not. Some people claim that the ancestor of these people was a saint called Wattalnath. However, there is no documented proof for that. Jawahar Wattal a music composer of our times, is one of the prominent Kashmiri Hindu Watals.[3]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Safdar, Rahila (2014). "Sheikha Gal". In Devy, G. N.; Koul, Omkar N. (eds.). The languages of Jammu & Kashmir. People's Linguistic Survey of India. New Delhi: Orient Blackswan. pp. 279–83. ISBN 978-81-250-5516-7.
  2. ↑ "A-10 STATE PRIMARY CENSUS ABSTRACT FOR INDIVIDUAL SCHEDULED CASTE - 2001" (PDF). Retrieved 7 November 2023.
  3. ↑ "SHEHJAR - Web Magazine for Kashmir :: Jawahar Wattal".
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