Western College for Women
Clawson Hall on the Western Campus of Miami University.
TypeWomen's College
Active1855–1974
Location
Oxford
,
Ohio
,
United States

39°30′14″N 84°43′40″W / 39.5038889°N 84.7277778°W / 39.5038889; -84.7277778
Western Female Seminary
Western College for Women is located in Ohio
Western College for Women
LocationUS 27 and OH 73, Western College, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio
Area107 acres (43 ha)
Built1861 (1861) to 1972 (1972)
Architectural styleRomanesque, Colonial Revival
NRHP reference No.09000083[1]
Added to NRHPSeptember 17, 1979

Western College for Women, known at other times as Western Female Seminary, The Western and simply Western College, was a women's and later coed liberal arts college in Oxford, Ohio, between 1855 and 1974. Initially a seminary, it was the host of orientation sessions for the Freedom Summer in 1964. It was absorbed by Miami University in 1974 after dwindling finances. Now known as the Western Campus of Miami University, it was designated a U.S. Historic district known as the Western Female Seminary Historic District in 1979.

History

Alumnae Hall was the central building on Western College's campus from 1892 until it was torn down in 1977.

Western College was founded in 1853 as Western Female Seminary.[2][3] It was a daughter school of Mount Holyoke College in South Hadley, Massachusetts, and its first principal, Helen Peabody, was a Holyoke graduate.[4] The college changed its name three times, in 1894 to The Western: A College and Seminary for Women, in 1904 to Western College for Women, and in 1971 to The Western College when the institution became coeducational.[4]

Western remained an independent women's college until 1970 when it formed a "committee of cooperation" with the adjacent Miami University, which opened enrollment between the colleges on a limited basis. This allowed Western students to take classes at Miami and use Miami's computer and hospital facilities, for example, while allowing Miami students access to intramural fields, library space, and cross-country runways on Western grounds. Before the 1973–74 school years, both presidents signed an agreement for an affiliation between the two schools. In 1974, Western became part of Miami due to financial difficulties.[4]

On September 17, 1979, 15 buildings and 11 structures from the former Western College were designated the Western Female Seminary Historic District.

Civil Rights Movement

In June 1964, an orientation and training in nonviolence techniques was held on the campus of Western College for Women for volunteers heading south to Mississippi for Freedom Summer. While training at Western was still on-going, Mickey Schwerner, a veteran civil rights worker who had come to Oxford to help train the new recruits, received word that one of the churches that had agreed to host Freedom Summer activities had been attacked and burned. Schwerner and Andrew Goodman, a new volunteer, left Oxford immediately to head back to Mississippi. Schwerner's wife, Rita, remained behind at Western College to finish the training. Within days, Schwerner and Goodman, along with James Chaney, a native Mississippian and voting rights activist, were reported missing in Philadelphia, Mississippi. Their bodies were found months later, buried in an earthen dam. Public uproar over these murders helped pass the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act a few months later. A memorial tribute to the Freedom Summer activists was recently dedicated on the Western College campus.[5]

Western today

In 1974, the Western College for Women merged with Miami University and became the Western College Program (School of Interdisciplinary Studies). In 2007, the Western College Program was integrated into the College of Arts and Sciences and is now known as the Western Program for Individualized Studies at Miami University.[6]

Of the original Western College buildings, Boyd Hall, Clawson Hall, Hoyt Library, Kumler Chapel, McKee Hall, Thomson Hall, and Peabody Hall were retained as either academic building or dormitories. Since the merger, four new dormitories and a dining hall were also added to the Western Campus.

Notable alumnae

Lilian Wyckoff Johnson, the first woman to receive a doctorate from Cornell University, served as President of Western College 1904—1906.

See also

References

  1. ↑ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. November 2, 2013.
  2. ↑ "Western College for Women - Ohio History Central". www.ohiohistorycentral.org. Retrieved February 11, 2018.
  3. ↑ "Western College". The Independent. July 6, 1914. Retrieved August 1, 2012.
  4. 1 2 3 "Western College Memorial Archives | Miami University Libraries Steward & Sustain Department". spec.lib.miamioh.edu. Retrieved February 12, 2018.
  5. ↑ Michael D. Pitman, Staff Writer. "5 things to know about Miami University's unique role in the Civil Rights movement". journal-news. Retrieved March 13, 2020.
  6. ↑ "The Western Program at Miami University". Oxford, Ohio: Miami University. 2010. Retrieved July 25, 2010.
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