Winternitz is a surname of Jewish pedigree originated from Vintířov. Notable people with the surname include:

• Adolfo Winternitz, also Adolf Gustav Winternitz (1906–1993), Austrian-Peruvian Jewish painter
• Artur Winternitz (1893–1961), British mathematician
• Emanuel Winternitz (1898–1983) curator emeritus of the Department of Musical Instruments of the New York City Metropolitan Museum of Art; musicologist, "father of the field of musical iconography"
• Friderike von Winternitz (1882–1971), Austrian author, first wife of Stefan Zweig
• Helen Winternitz, contemporary writer
• Hugo Winternitz (1868–1934), Austrian and German physician
• Jill Winternitz (born 1986/1987), American actress based in England
• Joseph Winternitz (1896–1952), Marxist politician, economist
• Judith Winternitz, Australian writer
• Martha Winternitz-Dorda (1880–1958), Austrian female singer
• Moriz Winternitz (1863–1937), Austrian Jewish indologist
• Moshe Dovid Winternitz (1855–1944), Head of the Beth din Rabbinical Court in Satmar, Hungary; killed in Auschwitz concentration camp
• Pavel Winternitz (born 1936), Czechoslovakian and Canadian mathematical physicist
• Richard Winternitz (1861–1929), German painter
• Roland Winters, born Roland Winternitz (1904–1989), American actor
• Wilhelm Winternitz, (1834–1917), Austrian balneologist