Xanthium orientale
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Genus: Xanthium
Species:
X. orientale
Binomial name
Xanthium orientale
Synonyms[1]
List
    • Xanthium acerosum Greene
    • Xanthium acutilobum Millsp. & Sherff
    • Xanthium acutum Greene
    • Xanthium affine Greene
    • Xanthium albinum (Widder) Scholz & Sukopp
    • Xanthium americanum Walter
    • Xanthium aridum H.St.John
    • Xanthium australe Millsp. & Sherff
    • Xanthium barcinonense Sennen
    • Xanthium brevirostre Hochst. ex A.Rich.
    • Xanthium brevirostre Wallr.
    • Xanthium bubalocarpon Bush
    • Xanthium californicum Greene
    • Xanthium calvum Millsp. & Sherff
    • Xanthium campestre Greene
    • Xanthium canadense Mill.
    • Xanthium cavanillesii Schouw
    • Xanthium cenchroides Millsp. & Sherff
    • Xanthium chinense var. globuliforme C.Shull
    • Xanthium chsei Fernald
    • Xanthium cloessplateaum D.Z.Ma
    • Xanthium commune Britton
    • Xanthium cordifolium Stokes
    • Xanthium crassifolium Millsp. & Sherff
    • Xanthium cuneatum Moench
    • Xanthium curvescens Millsp. & Sherff
    • Xanthium discolor Wallr.
    • Xanthium echinatum Murray
    • Xanthium fuscescens Jord. & Fourr.
    • Xanthium glabratum Britton
    • Xanthium glanduliferum Greene
    • Xanthium hispanicum Sennen
    • Xanthium homothalamum Spreng.
    • Xanthium italicum Moretti
    • Xanthium leptocarpum Millsp. & Sherff
    • Xanthium longirostre Wallr.
    • Xanthium macounii Britton
    • Xanthium macrocarpum var. italicum (Moretti) Nyman
    • Xanthium maculatum Raf.
    • Xanthium monoicum Gilib.
    • Xanthium nigri Ces., Pass. & Gibelli
    • Xanthium oligacanthum Piper
    • Xanthium oviforme Wallr.
    • Xanthium palustre Greene
    • Xanthium pensylvanicum Wallr.
    • Xanthium pungens var. denudatum Widder
    • Xanthium riparium Itzigs. & Hertzsch
    • Xanthium riparium Lasch
    • Xanthium ripicola Holub
    • Xanthium roxburghii Wallr.
    • Xanthium saccharatum Wallr.
    • Xanthium silphiifolium Greene
    • Xanthium speciosum Kearney
    • Xanthium sphaerocephalum Salzm. ex Ball
    • Xanthium strumarium var. canadense (Mill.) Torr. & A.Gray
    • Xanthium strumarium var. echinatum (Murray) A.Gray
    • Xanthium strumarium subsp. italicum (Moretti) D.Löve
    • Xanthium strumarium f. purpurascens Priszter
    • Xanthium strumarium var. wootonii (Cockerell) W.C.Martin & C.R.Hutchins
    • Xanthium varians Greene
    • Xanthium wootonii Cockerell

Xanthium orientale is a species of annual plant of the daisy family Asteraceae.[1]

Use by Native Americans

The Zuni people use the plant for multiple purposes. The chewed seeds are rubbed onto the body before the cactus ceremony to protect it from spines. A compound poultice of seeds is applied to wounds or used to remove splinters.[2] The seeds are also ground, mixed with cornmeal, made into cakes, and steamed for food.[3][4]

References

  1. 1 2 "Xanthium orientale L. | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 2022-07-01.
  2. ↑ Stevenson, Matilda Coxe (1915). "Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians". SI-BAE Annual Report. 30: 62–63.
  3. ↑ Stevenson (1915), p. 71.
  4. ↑ Castetter, Edward F. (1935). "Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food". University of New Mexico Bulletin. 4 (1): 1–44, 54.
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