Dapagliflozin/metformin
Combination of
DapagliflozinSGLT2 inhibitor
MetforminAnti-diabetic biguanide
Clinical data
Trade namesXigduo, Xigduo XR, Ebymect
AHFS/Drugs.comProfessional Drug Facts
License data
Routes of
administration		By mouth
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
  • AU: S4 (Prescription only)
  • UK: POM (Prescription only)[1]
  • US: ℞-only
  • EU: Rx-only[2]
  • In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem CID
KEGG
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC25H37Cl2N5O6
Molar mass574.50 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
  • CCOC1=CC=C(C=C1)CC2=C(C=CC(=C2)C3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)Cl.CN(C)C(=N)N=C(N)N.Cl
  • InChI=1S/C21H25ClO6.C4H11N5.ClH/c1-2-27-15-6-3-12(4-7-15)9-14-10-13(5-8-16(14)22)21-20(26)19(25)18(24)17(11-23)28-21;1-9(2)4(7)8-3(5)6;/h3-8,10,17-21,23-26H,2,9,11H2,1H3;1-2H3,(H5,5,6,7,8);1H/t17-,18-,19+,20-,21?;;/m1../s1
  • Key:IPQABJMJAWNGON-RFSZPCNPSA-N

Dapagliflozin/metformin, sold under the brand name Xigduo XR amongst others, is a fixed-dose combination anti-diabetic medication used as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes.[3][4] It is a combination of dapagliflozin and metformin[3] and is taken by mouth..[3] Dapagliflozin/metformin was approved for use in the European Union in January 2014,[2] in the United States in February 2014,[4][5] and in Australia in July 2014.

Adverse effects

To lessen the risk of developing ketoacidosis (a serious condition in which the body produces high levels of blood acids called ketones) after surgery, the FDA has approved changes to the prescribing information for SGLT2 inhibitor diabetes medicines to recommend they be stopped temporarily before scheduled surgery. Canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, and empagliflozin should each be stopped at least three days before, and ertugliflozin should be stopped at least four days before scheduled surgery.[6]

Symptoms of ketoacidosis include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, tiredness, and trouble breathing.[6]

A potential interaction between dapagliflozin and lithium concomitant causing lto a reduction in serum lithium levels was bulletined in 2022 [7] [8]

References

  1. ↑ "Xigduo Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)". (emc). 2 January 2020. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  2. 1 2 "Xigduo EPAR". European Medicines Agency (EMA). 17 September 2018. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  3. 1 2 3 "Xigduo XR- dapagliflozin and metformin hydrochloride tablet, film coated, extended release". DailyMed. 3 February 2020. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  4. 1 2 "Xigduo XR (dapagliflozin and metformin HCl) Extended-Release Tablets". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 7 April 2015. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  5. ↑ "Xigduo XR: FDA-Approved Drugs". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  6. 1 2 "FDA revises labels of SGLT2 inhibitors for diabetes to include warning". U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 19 March 2020. Retrieved 6 June 2020. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  7. ↑ Research, Center for Drug Evaluation and (8 July 2022). "January - March 2022 | Potential Signals of Serious Risks/New Safety Information Identified by the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS)". FDA.
  8. ↑ "Product Information safety updates - November 2022". Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). November 2022. Retrieved 27 June 2023.


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