Yamane (written: 山根) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

• Ayano Yamane (山根 綾乃), Japanese manga artist
• Erina Yamane (山根 恵里奈, born 1990), Japanese women's footballer
• Hidehiko Yamane (山根 英彦), Japanese clothing designer
• Hoshiko Yamane (山根 星子, born 1981), Japanese violinist and composer
• Iwao Yamane (山根 巌, born 1976), Japanese footballer
• Kenji Yamane (山根 謙二, born 1967), Japanese basketball coach
• Kimitoshi Yamane (山根 公利, born 1966), Japanese mechanical designer
• Mai Yamane (山根 麻以, born 1958), Japanese singer
• Michiru Yamane (山根 ミチル, born 1963), Japanese video game composer and pianist
• Miki Yamane (山根 視来, born 1993), Japanese footballer
• Mitsuo Yamane (山根 三雄, born 1924), Japanese sport shooter
• Ryan Yamane (born 1969), American politician
• Ryuji Yamane (山根 隆治, born 1948), Japanese politician
• Seigan Yamane (山根 清玩, born 1952), Japanese Hagi Pottery Artisan
• Tomoe Yamane (山根 朋恵, born 1986), Japanese women's ice hockey player
• Toshio Yamane (山根 敏郎, born 1953), Japanese photographer
• Towa Yamane (山根 永遠, born 1999), Japanese footballer
• Yui Yamane (山根 優衣, born 1994), Japanese swimmer

Fictional characters

• Tasuku Yamane (山根 たすく), a character in the anime series Trickster
• Yoshitaka Yamane (山根 義隆), a character in the manga series Major