Muhammad ibn Yūsuf al-Warrāq
Personal
Born904
Died973 or 974
ReligionIslam
EraCaliphate of Córdoba
RegionAl-Andalus
Main interest(s)Islamic history, geography

Muhammad ibn Yūsuf al-Warrāq (Arabic: محمد بن يوسف الورّاق) (* 904 in Guadalajara; † 973 or 974 in Córdoba) (in present-day Spain) was an Andalusían historian and geographer.[1]

Life

He spent many years in Kairouan and returned to Cordoba during the reign of Caliph al-Hakam II.

Works

Al-Warrāq wrote for al-Hakam II a series of historical and geographical works on North Africa, none of which have survived whole, although many fragments of his extensive production are preserved in al-Bakri's Book of Roads and Kingdoms from one century later.[2] From the extracts transcribed in al-Bakri's work relying on al-Warrāq, one can conclude that the latter was the first to mix geography and history. Any geographical subject is accompanied by its historical context and a detailed description.[3] Ibn Hazm mentioned that his roots lay in the Berber tribal confederation of the Zenata.[4]

Notes

  1. About the geographer Muhammad ibn Yusuf al-Warraq
  2. Corpus of early Arabic sources for West African history By J. F. P. Hopkins, Nehemia Levtzion; p. 62.
  3. Science and Scholarship in al-Andalus
  4. Corradini, Richard; Diesenberger, Maximilian; Reimitz, Helmut, eds. (2003). The Construction of Communities in the Early Middle Ages: Texts, Resources and Artefacts. Koninklijke Brill NV. ISBN 900-4-118-624. This was stated by Yusuf al-Warraq and he is [from the tribe of] Zenata.
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