1898

February 15: The American warship USS Maine is destroyed in Spanish-controlled Havana Harbor, killing 266 men and leading to the Spanish-American War
1898 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar1898
MDCCCXCVIII
Ab urbe condita2651
Armenian calendar1347
ԹՎ ՌՅԽԷ
Assyrian calendar6648
Baháʼí calendar54–55
Balinese saka calendar1819–1820
Bengali calendar1304–1305
Berber calendar2848
British Regnal year61 Vict. 1 – 62 Vict. 1
Buddhist calendar2442
Burmese calendar1260
Byzantine calendar7406–7407
Chinese calendar丁酉年 (Fire Rooster)
4595 or 4388
    — to —
戊戌年 (Earth Dog)
4596 or 4389
Coptic calendar1614–1615
Discordian calendar3064
Ethiopian calendar1890–1891
Hebrew calendar5658–5659
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat1954–1955
 - Shaka Samvat1819–1820
 - Kali Yuga4998–4999
Holocene calendar11898
Igbo calendar898–899
Iranian calendar1276–1277
Islamic calendar1315–1316
Japanese calendarMeiji 31
(明治３１年)
Javanese calendar1827–1828
Julian calendarGregorian minus 12 days
Korean calendar4231
Minguo calendar14 before ROC
民前14年
Nanakshahi calendar430
Thai solar calendar2440–2441
Tibetan calendarམེ་མོ་བྱ་ལོ་
(female Fire-Bird)
2024 or 1643 or 871
    — to —
ས་ཕོ་ཁྱི་ལོ་
(male Earth-Dog)
2025 or 1644 or 872

1898 (MDCCCXCVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar, the 1898th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 898th year of the 2nd millennium, the 98th year of the 19th century, and the 9th year of the 1890s decade. As of the start of 1898, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

Events

1898 world map

January

February

USS Maine before its sinking
  • February 12 – The automobile belonging to Henry Lindfield of Brighton rolls out of control down a hill in Purley, London, England, and hits a tree; thus he becomes the world's first fatality from an automobile accident on a public highway.[1]
  • February 15 – Spanish–American War: The USS Maine explodes and sinks in Havana Harbor, Cuba, for reasons never fully established, killing 266 men. The event precipitates the United States' declaration of war on Spain, two months later.
  • February 23 – Émile Zola is imprisoned in France, after writing J'Accuse…!.

March

April

May

  • May 1 – Spanish–American War: Battle of Manila Bay – Commodore Dewey destroys the Spanish squadron, in the first battle of the war, as well as the first battle in the Philippines Campaign.
  • May 2 – Thousands of Chinese scholars and Beijing citizens seeking reforms protest in front of the capital control yuan.
  • May 7–9 – Bava Beccaris massacre: Hundreds of demonstrators are killed, when General Fiorenzo Bava Beccaris orders troops to fire on a rally in Milan, Italy.
  • May 8 – The first games of the Italian Football Federation are played, in which Genoa play against Torino.
  • May 12 – Spanish–American War: The Puerto Rican Campaign begins with the Bombardment of San Juan.
  • May 22 – The German Federation football club SV Darmstadt 98 is formed.
  • May 27 – The territory of Guangzhouwan is leased by China to France, according to the Treaty of 12 April 1892, as the Territoire de Kouang-Tchéou-Wan, forming part of French Indochina.[8]
  • May 28 – Secondo Pia takes the first photographs of the Shroud of Turin and discovers that the image on the Shroud itself appears to be a photographic negative.

June

The original flag of the Philippines as conceived by General Emilio Aguinaldo. The blue is of a lighter shade than the later mandated royal blue; the sun has eight points as in modern times but many more rays and it has a mythical face

July

August

August 28: Caleb Bradham names his soft drink Pepsi-Cola

September

  • September 2 – Battle of Omdurman (Mahdist War): British and Egyptian troops led by Horatio Kitchener defeat Sudanese tribesmen led by Khalifa Abdullah al-Taashi, thus establishing British dominance in the Sudan. 11,000 Sudanese are killed and 1,600 wounded in the battle.[14]
  • September 10 – Italian anarchist Luigi Lucheni assassinates Empress Elisabeth of Austria in Geneva, as an act of propaganda of the deed.
  • September 18 – Fashoda Incident: A powerful flotilla of British gunboats arrives at the French-occupied fort of Fashoda on the White Nile, leading to a diplomatic stalemate, until French troops are ordered to withdraw on November 3.
  • September 21
    • Empress Dowager Cixi of China engineers a coup d'état, marking the end of the Hundred Days' Reform; the Guangxu Emperor is arrested.
    • Geert Adriaans Boomgaard of Groningen in the Netherlands becomes the world's first validated supercentenarian.

October

  • October 1 – The Vienna University of Economics and Business is founded, under the name K.u.K. Exportakademie.
  • October 3 – U.S. Senator Matthew Quay of Pennsylvania is arrested for conspiracy to defraud the People's Bank of Philadelphia.[15]
  • October 4 – The American steam boat Walkatomica, which has made regular runs for travelers along the Gulf Coast of Florida since 1885, is destroyed by fire while in port in Tallahassee.[16]
  • October 5 – At the Battle of Sugar Point in the Indian Wars, a group of Pillager Band of Chippewa Indians 19 Ojibwe (referred to at the time as Chippewa Indians) warriors, led by Bugonaygeshig, defeat a U.S. Army Infantry troops in northern Minnesota, with seven U.S. troops killed and 19 wounded. Bugonayegeshig, whom the American soldiers were sent to capture, escapes and is never apprehended.[17]
  • October 6 – The Sinfonia Club, later to become the Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia fraternity, is founded at the New England Conservatory of Music in Boston by Ossian Everett Mills.
  • October 7 –
    • In the downsizing of the U.S. Army by 50 percent after the end of the Spanish-American War, 29 generals are honorably discharged.[18]
    • Civil courts in the U.S. Territory of the Philippines, closed since the United States had captured the territory from Spain and started its occupation on August 13, are reopened under the supervision of the U.S. Military Governor.
  • October 9 – Ignatius Ephrem II Rahmani is elected as the new Patriarch of Antioch, leader of the Syriac Catholic Church, subject to the approval of Pope Leo XIII, which is made on November 28.[19]
  • October 10 – A military expedition departs from France toward the French Equatorial Africa colony of Chad. Commanded by the Lieutenant de vaisseau Henri Bretonnet and the Lt. Solomon Braun, the force is sent to liberate areas dominated by the Muslim warlord Rabih az-Zubayr, with the help of troops sent by the envoys of the Muslim rulers Mohammed al-Senoussi and Gaourang II, sultan of Bagirmi[20]
  • October 11 – The Kubok Obschestva Velosipednoy Ezdy (Bicycle Riders Society Cup) first Grand Prix in Russia is staged with seven cars near Saint Petersburg, on a route from Alexandrovskaya to Strelna and back again for a total distance of 25 miles (40 km),[21] and is won by Pavel Belyaev.[22]
  • October 12 –
    • The "Battle of Virden" takes place in the coal mining town of Virden, Illinois, when strikebreakers of the Thiel Detective Service Company exchange gunfire with armed members of the United Mine Workers of America. Thirteen people are killed and 35 wounded in the fight. In all, eight UMWA miners and five strikebreakers die from their injuries. The train, attempting to bring about 100 African-American coal miners to Virden, departs without disembarking its passengers.[23]
    • The Michigan–Michigan State football rivalry begins in U.S. college football as Michigan University defeats Michigan Agricultural College, 39 to 0.[24][25]
  • October 14 – At the age of 16, Russian composer Igor Stravinsky creates his first composition, the unfinished piano fragment "Tarantella". The piece will remain undiscovered for 72 years and will first be performed in 2021, more than 120 years after it was composed.[26]
  • October 15 –
    • The 1898 Major League Baseball season comes to an end with the Boston Beaneaters (now the Atlanta Braves finish in first place in the 12-team National League with a record of 102 wins and 47 losses, six games ahead of the Baltimore Orioles (a 19th century NL team unrelated to the modern American League team) in second place with a 96-53 record.[27] In the final game of the season, Boston defeats Baltimore 10 to 8. Boston had effectively clinched the pennant on October 7 with a 7 to 2 win over the Brooklyn Bridegrooms (now the Los Angeles Dodgers), in first place by 5 1/2 games with only 5 games left in the season.
    • The Fork Union Military Academy is founded, in Fork Union, Virginia.[28]
    • In Canada, the "9 O'Clock Gun" is fired for the first time at Stanley Park in Vancouver, and goes on to become a daily tradition to serve as a time signal for ships in port and for local residents to set their timepieces at exactly 9:00 p.m. local time.[29]
  • October 16 – The island of Puerto Rico is turned over by Spain to the United States. Ángel Rivero Méndez, the 149th and last Spanish governor of Puerto Rico, yields the office and turns over the keys to all military installations in the capital, San Juan, the U.S. Army Captain Henry A. Reed, and John R. Brooke becomes the new American military governor.[30]
  • October 16 – The American ferryboat Berkeley, the only means prior to 1937 for motor vehicles to travel directly across San Francisco Bay between San Francisco and Oakland, is launched. Its role will be superseded in 1937 by the opening of the Golden Gate Bridge.[31]
  • October 19 – The Universidad Literaria y Cientifica de Filipinas, the first Filipino operated university and the precursor to the University of the Philippines, is established shortly after the proclamation of the First Philippine Republic.[32]
  • October 20 – The first residents of the "cooperative socialist colony", created by the Cooperative Brotherhood, arrive at what is now Burley, Washington in Kitsap County, settling on 260 acres (1.1 km2) of land purchased by the Brotherhood.[33]
  • October 21 – General Leonard Wood, the U.S. military governor of Cuba, issues a proclamation guaranteeing personal rights to the Cuban people.[34]
  • October 22 – In a race riot near Harperville, Mississippi in the U.S., 14 African-Americans and one white person are killed.[34]
  • October 23 – An anarchist, suspected of plotting the assassination of Germany's Kaiser Wilhelm II, is arrested in Egypt at Alexandria.[34]
  • October 24 –
    • The last Spanish soldiers in Puerto Rico, led by General Ortega, depart on ships to return to Spain.[34]
    • U.S. President William McKinley extends the deadline for all Spanish troops to leave Cuba. Set to expire on December 1, the last day to depart is extended to January 1, 1899.[34]
    • Augustus Herring, hired by civil engineer Octave Chanute to design and help test heavier-than-air flying machines, reportedly makes a flight near St. Joseph, Michigan, traveling slightly above the ground for a level distance of more than 70 feet (21 m) in 10 seconds.[35]
    • Chinese soldiers attack a party of British engineers at the Marco Polo Bridge on the Beijing to Hankou railway.[34]
  • October 25 – The Academia Militar, precursor to the Philippine Military Academy, is founded at Malolos by decree of Philippine Republic President Emilio Aguinaldo.[36]
  • October 26 –
    • A collision between two Japanese steamers at sea kills 60 Japanese sailors.[34]
    • The U.S. begins the release and repatriation of Spanish Navy sailors who had been taken as prisoners of war in the Philippines, and sends them back to Spain.[34]
  • October 27 – The Court of Cassation in Paris hears arguments from lawyers regarding a new trial in the Dreyfus case.[34] The Court grants the request on October 29.
  • October 28 –
    • A general uprising by Filipinos, led by Adriano Hernández against the remaining Spanish authorities in the Philippines begins in the province of Iloilo on the island of Panay.[37]
    • U.S. President William McKinley rejects a peace proposal that would result in Spain ceding the island of Luzon to the U.S., in return for Spanish control of the other Philippine Islands. McKinley's message to his five-man negotiating team in Paris is that "Cessation of Luzon alone, leaving the rest of the islands subject to Spanish rule, or to be the subject of future contention, cannot be justified on political, commercial, or humanitarian grounds. The cessation must be the whole archipelago or none."[38]
  • October 29 –
    • France's Court of Cassation grants a rehearing on the Dreyfus case.[34]
    • Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany and his wife arrive at Jerusalem in Ottoman-ruled Palestine and visit the Church of the Holy Sepulchre.[34]
  • October 30 – The Imperial Russian government announces that the leaders of the world's major nations have accepted the invitation of the Tsar to take part in a proposed conference on disarmament.[34]
  • October 31 –
    • The Lutheran Church of the Redeemer, Jerusalem, is dedicated after the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire presents the area, said to be the site of the Virgin Mary's home, to Germany's Roman Catholics.[34]
    • Count Ōkuma Shigenobu, Japan's Prime Minister, announces his resignation along with that of his cabinet of ministers.[34]

November

  • November 1 – Charles Dupuy forms a new government as Prime Minister of France following the resignation of Henri Brisson.[34]
  • November 3 – With increasing violence threatened by rebels in China, the Russian fleet at Port Arthur and the British warships at Wei-Hai-Wei are readied for battle.[34]
  • November 5 –
    • Negros Revolution: Filipinos on the island of Negros revolt against Spanish rule and establish the short-lived Republic of Negros.[34]
    • In China, an admiral of the Imperial Russian Navy and 40 sailors are denied permission by the Chinese government to proceed from Tientsin to Beijing.
    • In the U.S., the collapse of a theater under construction in Detroit kills 11 workmen.[34]
  • November 6 – The Japanese ambassador to China meets with the Emperor and the Empress Dowager at Beijing.[34]
  • November 7 – The final meeting of the Cuban Assembly of the República de Cuba en Armas, which had been founded in 1895 during the Cuban War of Independence, is called to order by General Calixto García in the city of Santa Cruz del Sur. Domingo Méndez Capote is elected as president of the assembly.
  • November 8 –
    • Elections are held in the U.S. for all 357 seats in the House of Representatives, as well as for the governors and state legislature of 25 of the 45 states. With 179 needed for a majority, the Republican Party maintains control with 187 seats, despite losing 19; the Democratic party gains 37 to reach 124 seats; the Populist party losses all but five of its 22 seats, and the other 4 seats are controlled by smaller parties. Among Governors elected are Theodore Roosevelt as Governor of the state of New York.[34]
    • Count Yamagata Aritomo forms a new government as Prime Minister of Japan.[34]
  • November 9 – In the U.S., the racial violence in Phoenix, South Carolina, comes to an end after 12 African-Americans have been lynched.[34]
  • November 10 –
    • The Wilmington insurrection of 1898 begins as a coup d'état by the white Democratic Party of the U.S. state of North Carolina against the Republican Mayor of Wilmington. On the first day, a building housing a negro newspaper is burned and eight African Americans are killed.[34]
    • The new United Central American States, a merger of El Salvador, Honduras and Nicaragua, places its capital in the Nicaraguan city of Chinandega.[34]
    • Bartolomé Masó, the President of the República de Cuba en Armas that had been founded during the Cuban War of Independence, resigns.[34]
  • November 11 – In Wilmington, negro leaders and white republicans are forced to leave the city by new government.[34]
  • November 12 – The Earl of Minto takes office as the new Governor General of Canada.[34]
  • November 17 – Fighting begins in Pana, Illinois, between striking white coal miners and black miners hired to replace them.[34]
  • November 18 – The wreck of the ship Atalanta off the coast of the U.S. state of Oregon kills 28 of the 30 crew aboard.[34]
  • November 19 – In U.S. college football, Harvard University defeats Yale University, 17 to 0, to close the season unbeaten.[34]
  • November 21 – At the Paris conference to end the Spanish-American War, the U.S. commissioners offer $20,000,000 for purchase of the Philippines from Spain.[39]
  • November 24 – Italy sends an ultimatum to the Sultan of Morocco concerning treatment of Italian residents.[39]
  • November 26 –
    • General Ramón Blanco resigns as the spanish Governor-General of Cuba and is replaced by General Adolfo Jiménez Castellanos.[39]
    • A two-day blizzard known as the Portland Gale piles snow in Boston, severely impacting the Massachusetts fishing industry and several coastal New England towns.[39]
    • The U.S. Marines arrive on USS Boston at Tientsin in China in order to guard the American legation at Beijing.[39]
  • November 27 – All 115 people aboard the American steamer SS Portland are killed when the ship founders off of the coast of Cape Cod.[39]
  • November 28 –The Spanish peace commissioners in Paris announce that they accept the offer of the U.S. to purchase the Philippines.[39]
  • November 30 – The United Central American States, a merger of Nicaragua, Honduras and El Salvador, is formally dissolved after the government was unable to suppress a revolution in San Salvador.[39]

December

  • December 1 –
    • President Alfaro of Ecuador suspends the government and assumes a dictatorship over the South American nation.[39]
    • The French government decrees a ban on imports of fruit and plants from the United States.[39]
  • December 2 – The French Chamber of Deputies declines to endorse the policies of Prime Minister Charles Dupuy, with the vote failing 228 to 243.[39]
  • December 3 – The Republic of Nicaragua issues a decree announcing its return to sovereignty as a separate nation after its union with El Salvador and Honduras collapses.[39]
  • December 4 –
    • President Zelaya of Nicaragua appoints a new cabinet free of ministers from El Salvador or Honduras.[39]
    • The wreck of the British steamer SS Clan Drummond in the Bay of Biscay kills 37 people on board.[39]
  • December 5 – A fire at a factory in the Russian city of Vilana (modern-day Vilnius in Lithuania) kills 15 women and girls, most of whom die after jumping from the windows.[39]
  • December 6 – The Chancellor of Germany opens the new session of the Reichstag and asks for an increase in the budget for the German Army.[39]
  • December 9 – The first of the two Tsavo Man-Eaters is shot by John Henry Patterson; the second is killed 3 weeks later, after 135 railway construction workers have been killed by the lions.
  • December 10 – The Treaty of Paris is signed, ending the Spanish–American War.
  • December 12 – The French Chamber of Deputies voes 403 to 78 in favor of the Depuy government.[39]
  • December 15 –
    • A warrant issued in Paris for the arrest of Count Ferdinand Esterhazy in connection with the Dreyfus case.[39]
    • A new President of the Swiss Confederation is elected.[39]
    • The French Chamber of Deputies votes to extend a loan of 200,000,000 francs for the construction of railroads in French Indochina.[39]
  • December 18 – Gaston de Chasseloup-Laubat sets the first official land speed record in an automobile, averaging 63.15 km/h (39.24 mph) over 1 km (0.62 mi) in France.
  • December 21 – Prince George of Greece arrives in Crete as its High Commissioner, and is escorted by the flagships of four nations.[40]
  • December 25 – Penny postage goes into effect throughout the British Empire, setting the cost of mailing a letter to most British colonies at one pence. Rates remain the same for mail to Australia, New Zealand and the Cape Colony.[40]
  • December 26 – Marie and Pierre Curie announce the discovery of an element that they name radium.[40]
  • December 27 – The French government delivers its secret dossier on the Dreyfus case to the Court of Cassation.[40]
  • December 28 – The Swiss village of Airolo is buried in an avalanche.[40]
  • December 29 –
    • The Moscow Art Theatre production of The Seagull by Anton Chekhov opens.[41]
    • King Umberto of Italy commutes the sentences of all prisoners who had been given the death penalty.[40]
  • December 31 –
    • Chief Justice Chambers of the Samoan Supreme Court rules that Malietoa Tanus is entitled to become King of Samoa, and holds that Mataafa is barred by the Treaty of Berlin.[40]
    • French serial killer Joseph Vacher is executed at Bourg-en-Bresse.[42]

Unknown dates

  • The first volume of the Linguistic Survey of India is published in Calcutta.

Births

January

Gracie Fields
Kaj Munk
Sergei Eisenstein
Randolph Scott
Denjirō Ōkōchi
Bertolt Brecht
Leó Szilárd
Enzo Ferrari
Soong Mei-ling
Eben Dönges

February

March

April

Paul Robeson
  • April 1 – William James Sidis, American mathematician (d. 1944)
  • April 2 – Harindranath Chattopadhyay, Indian poet, actor and politician (d. 1990)
  • April 3
    • George Jessel, American comedian (d. 1981)
    • Henry Luce, American magazine publisher (d. 1967)
  • April 4 – Agnes Ayres, American actress (d. 1940)
  • April 5 – Solange d'Ayen, French noblewoman, Duchess of Ayen and journalist (d. 1976)[44]
  • April 9
    • Paul Robeson, African-American actor, singer and political activist (d. 1976)
    • Atsushi Watanabe, Japanese film actor (d. 1977)
    • Therese Neumann, German Catholic mystic and stigmatic (d. 1962).
  • April 12 – Lily Pons, French-American opera singer, actress (d. 1976)
  • April 14
    • Lee Tracy, American actor (d. 1968)
    • Harold Stephen Black, American electrical engineer (d. 1983)
  • April 19 – Constance Talmadge, American actress (d. 1973)
  • April 26
    • Vicente Aleixandre, Spanish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1984)
    • John Grierson, Scottish documentary filmmaker (d. 1972)
    • Tomu Uchida, Japanese film director (d. 1970)
  • April 27 – Ludwig Bemelmans, Austrian-American writer and illustrator (d. 1962)
  • April 29 – E. J. Bowen, British chemist (d. 1980)

May

  • May 2 – Henry Hall, British bandleader (d. 1989)
  • May 3
    • Golda Meir, Prime Minister of Israel (d. 1978)[45]
    • Septima Poinsette Clark, American educator and civil rights activist (d. 1987)
  • May 5
    • Blind Willie McTell, American singer (d. 1959)
    • Hans Heinrich von Twardowski, German actor (d. 1958)
  • May 6 – Konrad Henlein, Sudeten German Nazi leader (d. 1945)
  • May 13 – Hisamuddin of Selangor, King of Malaysia (d. 1960)
  • May 15
    • Arletty, French model, actress (d. 1992)
    • Tom Wintringham, British politician and historian (d. 1949)
  • May 16
  • May 17
    • Anagarika Govinda, German buddhist lama (d. 1985)
    • A. J. Casson, Canadian painter (d. 1992)
  • May 19 – Julius Evola, Italian philosopher (d. 1974)
  • May 21 – Armand Hammer, American entrepreneur, art collector (d. 1990)
  • May 23
    • Frank McHugh, American actor (d. 1981)
    • Josef Terboven, German Nazi politician, Reichskommissar for Norway 1940–1945 (d. 1945)[46]
  • May 24 – Helen B. Taussig, American cardiologist (d. 1986)
  • May 25 – Robert Aron, French historian and writer (d. 1975)
  • May 28 – Andy Kirk, American jazz bandleader and saxophonist (d.1992)
  • May 31 – Norman Vincent Peale, American clergyman (d. 1993)

June

Jim Fouché

July

Stefanos Stefanopoulos
Isidor Isaac Rabi
  • July 2
    • George J. Folsey, American cinematographer (d. 1988)
    • Anthony McAuliffe, American general (d. 1975)
  • July 3
    • Donald Healey, English motor engineer, race car driver (d. 1988)
    • Stefanos Stefanopoulos, Prime Minister of Greece (d. 1982)
  • July 4
    • Gulzarilal Nanda, Indian politician, economist (d. 1998)
    • Gertrude Lawrence, English actress, singer (d. 1952)
  • July 6 – Hanns Eisler, German composer (d. 1962)
  • July 7
    • Teresa Hsu Chih, Chinese-born Singaporean social worker, supercentenarian (d. 2011)
    • Arnold Horween, American Harvard Crimson, NFL football player (d. 1985)
  • July 8 – Vic Oliver, Austrian-born British actor and radio comedian (d. 1964)
  • July 14
  • July 17 – Berenice Abbott, American photographer (d. 1991)
  • July 18 – John Stuart, Scottish actor (d. 1979)
  • July 22
    • Stephen Vincent Benét, American writer (d. 1943)[48]
    • Alexander Calder, American artist (d. 1976)
  • July 25 – Arthur Lubin, American film director (d. 1995)
  • July 29 – Isidor Isaac Rabi, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1988)
  • July 30 – Henry Moore, English sculptor (d. 1986)

August

Regis Toomey
Leopold Infeld
  • August 5 – Piero Sraffa, Italian political economist (d. 1983)
  • August 11
    • Peter Mohr Dam, 2-time prime minister of the Faroe Islands (d. 1968)
    • Karolina Lanckorońska, Polish noblewoman, World War II resistance fighter, philanthropist, and historian. (d. 2002)
  • August 12
    • Maria Klenova, Russian marine geologist (d. 1976)
    • Oscar Homolka, Austrian actor (d. 1978)
  • August 13
    • Mohamad Noah Omar, Malaysian politician (d. 1991)
    • Regis Toomey, American actor (d. 1991)
  • August 15
    • Jan Brzechwa, Polish poet (d. 1966)
    • Mohan Singh Oberoi, Indian businessman and politician (d. 2002)
  • August 18
    • Lance Sharkey, Australian Communist leader (d. 1967)
    • Tsola Dragoycheva, Bulgarian politician (d. 1993)
  • August 19 – Eleanor Boardman, American actress (d. 1991)
  • August 20
    • Leopold Infeld, Polish physicist (d. 1968)
    • Vilhelm Moberg, Swedish novelist, historian (d. 1973)
  • August 21 – Herbert Mundin, English actor (d. 1939)
  • August 26 – Peggy Guggenheim, American art collector (d. 1979)
  • August 27 – John Hamilton, Canadian criminal, bank robber (d. 1934)
  • August 29 – Preston Sturges, American director, writer (d. 1959)
  • August 30 – Shirley Booth, American actress (d. 1992)

September

Alfons Gorbach
Howard Florey
George Gershwin

October

William O. Douglas
Peng Dehuai
Karl Ziegler
Gunnar Myrdal
  • October 6
    • Arthur G. Jones-Williams, British aviator (d. 1929)
    • Mitchell Leisen, American film director (d. 1972)
    • Clarence Williams, American jazz pianist, composer (d. 1965)
  • October 9 – Joe Sewell, American professional baseball player (d. 1990)
  • October 10
    • Lilly Daché, French milliner (d. 1989)
    • Marie-Pierre Kœnig, French general, politician (d. 1970)
  • October 16 – William O. Douglas, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (d. 1980)
  • October 17 – Shinichi Suzuki, Japanese musician, educator (d. 1998)
  • October 18 – Lotte Lenya, Austrian actress, singer (d. 1981)
  • October 24 – Peng Dehuai, Chinese military leader (d. 1974)
  • October 28 – Abdul Khalek Hassouna, Egyptian diplomat, 2nd Secretary-General of the Arab League (d. 1992)
  • October 29 – Vera Stanley Alder, English painter and mystic (d. 1984)
  • October 30 – Raphael Girard, Swiss-Guatemalan ethnographer (d. 1982)

November

December

Umm Kulthum
  • December 2 – Indra Lal Roy, Indian World War I pilot (d. 1918)
  • December 5 – Grace Moore, American opera singer, actress (d. 1947)
  • December 6
    • Alfred Eisenstaedt, American photojournalist (d. 1995)
    • Gunnar Myrdal, Swedish sociologist, economist and Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1987)
  • December 9 – Emmett Kelly, American circus clown (d. 1979)
  • December 10 – Howard Beale, Australian politician and diplomat (d. 1983)
  • December 14 – Lillian Randolph, American actress, singer (d. 1980)
  • December 19 – Zheng Zhenduo, Chinese author, translator (d. 1958)
  • December 20 – Irene Dunne, American actress (d. 1990)
  • December 24 – Baby Dodds, American jazz drummer (d. 1959)
  • December 27 – Inejiro Asanuma, Japanese politician (d. 1960)
  • December 28 – Shigematsu Sakaibara, Japanese admiral and war criminal (d. 1947)
  • December 31
    • István Dobi, Hungarian prime minister (d. 1968)
    • Ivan Miller, Canadian journalist and sportscaster (d. 1967)[50]
    • Krishna Ballabh Sahay, Indian freedom fighter (d. 1974)
    • Umm Kulthum, Egyptian singer and actress (died 1975)

Unknown date

  • Robert Piguet, Swiss-born, Paris-based fashion designer (d. 1953)

Deaths

January–June

Lewis Carroll
Matilda Joslyn Gage
William Ewart Gladstone

July–December

Otto von Bismarck
Theodor Fontane
Saint Charbel Makhluf

Date unknown

  • Sotirios Sotiropoulos, Greek economist, politician (b. 1831)

References

  1. ↑ Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. Penguin. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.
  2. ↑ "1st congress of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party opened in Minsk". Presidential Library. Retrieved 2025-07-27.
  3. ↑ LaNauze, J. A. (1972). The Making of the Australian Constitution. Melbourne University Press.
  4. ↑ The National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) Archived November 7, 2020, at the Wayback Machine. "Letter to President William McKinley from Annie Oakley". Retrieved January 24, 2008.
  5. ↑ Asriel, Camillo J. (1930). Das R.W.E., Rheinisch-Westfälisches Elektrizitätswerk A.-G., Essen a.d. Ruhr (in German). Girsberger & Company. p. 1.
  6. ↑ "The California Powder Works". Santa Cruz Public Library Local History Articles. Archived from the original on June 26, 2010. Retrieved 2011-11-21.
  7. ↑ International Driving Authority. "Paris Motor Show". International Driving Authority. Retrieved 2024-07-02.
  8. ↑ Choveaux, A. (1925). "Situation économique du territoire de Kouang-Tchéou-Wan en 1923". Annales de Géographie. 34 (187): 74–77. doi:10.3406/geo.1925.8102.
  9. ↑ Ribbat, Christoph (2011). Flickering Light: A History of Neon. Reaktion Books. p. 23.
  10. ↑ "[Peking University Landmark] Peking University Hall". english.pku.edu.cn. Retrieved 2024-06-23.
  11. ↑ King, Harry Edward (1911). The Educational System of China as Recently Reconstructed (PDF). United States Bureau of Education. Retrieved 2026-01-27.
  12. ↑ "National Biscuit Co". Encyclopedia of Chicago.
  13. ↑ Stratmann, Linda (2010). Fraudsters and Charlatans: A Peek at Some of History's Greatest Rogues. Stroud: The History Press.
  14. ↑ Boahen, A. Adu (1987). African Perspectives on Colonialism. Baltimore, Md: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 48. ISBN 9780801839313.
  15. ↑ Blair, William Alan (April 1989). "A Practical Politician: The Boss Tactics of Matthew Stanley Quay". Pennsylvania History: 80–81.
  16. ↑ Walkatomica on Florida Memory, Image Number RC13686, Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  17. ↑ Matsen, William E. "The Battle of Sugar Point: A Re-Examination." Minnesota History (Fall 1987), pp. 269–275
  18. ↑ "Many Generals Dismissed.; No More Employment in the Volunteers for Three Major Generals and Twenty-six Brigadiers". The New York Times. 8 October 1898. Retrieved April 10, 2018.
  19. ↑ "Archbishop Ignacio Dionisio Efrem Rahmani (Rahamani)". Catholic-Hierarchy. Retrieved 2009-03-01.
  20. ↑ Gentil, Émile (1971). La chute de l'empire de Rabah. Hachette Livre. pp. 567–577.
  21. ↑ "Автомобильный спорт в старой России и в СССР - Декабрь 1928 года - архив За рулем". www.zr.ru. Retrieved 2026-06-04.
  22. ↑ "Winner of the first 'motor race' in Russia— Pavel Nikolaevich Beljaev", in Avtomobilnye Istorii (Automotive History) website (in Russian)
  23. ↑ "Victor Hicken, "The Virden and Pana Mine Wars of 1898"". Archived from the original on 2020-10-31. Retrieved 2026-02-19.
  24. ↑ "Football". The Michigan Alumnus. November 1898. p. 60. Archived from the original on 2016-04-26. Retrieved 2026-02-19.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  25. ↑ "Good Scores Rolled Up: Michigan Practiced on the M. A. C. for a Fair Total". Detroit Free Press. October 13, 1898. p. 6 – via Newspapers.com.
  26. ↑ Griffiths, Graham (2013). Stravinsky's Piano: Genesis of a Musical Language. Oxford University Press. pp. 15–16. ISBN 978-0-521-19178-4.
  27. ↑ 1898 Major League Schedule at Baseball Reference
  28. ↑ Salmon, John S. (1994). A Guidebook to Virginia's Historical Markers. University of Virginia Press. p. 48.
  29. ↑ "Vancouver's Nine O'Clock Gun". Archived from the original on 2007-09-12. Retrieved 2026-02-20.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  30. ↑ "Last Spanish Ruler in Porto Rico Dies". Democrat and Chronicle. February 25, 1930. Retrieved 29 November 2022 – via newspapers.com. Although he served only two days, Rivero was credited with being the last Spanish governor of Porto Rico. He was born here and educated in Spain. He served in the Spanish army until the end of the Spanish-American war and later became an American citizen. Rivero was credited with doing much to create friendly understanding among Spaniards, Porto Ricans and Americans.
  31. ↑ "Steam Ferry Berkeley An 1898 steam ferryboat from San Francisco Bay". Archived from the original on 2010-07-07.
  32. ↑ "A Short History of Universidad Literaria de Filipinas, the First Filipino-Run State University". 7 August 2023. Retrieved 10 September 2023.
  33. ↑ LeWarne, Charles Pierce. Utopias on Puget Sound 1885-1915. Seattle: University of Washington Press. pp. 136–138.
  34. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 The American Monthly Review of Reviews (December 1898), pp. 641-646
  35. ↑ "New Flying Machine Tried— Prof. A. M. Herring Said to Have Met With Some Success", The South Bend (IN) Tribune, October 25, 1898, p.1 ("St. Joseph, Mich., Oct. 25— Prof. A. M. Herring, who has been working for some time past upon the experiment of a flying machine, yesterday made a successful test of his power-driving flying machine on which he succeeded in making a flight of upwards of 70 feet against a strong northerly wind.")
  36. ↑ "History, Traditions and General Information". Philippine Military Academy. Archived from the original on May 20, 2021. Retrieved February 20, 2026. The Philippine Military Academy began on October 25, 1898 with the establishment of the Academia Militar in Malolos, Bulacan by virtue of a decree issued by the first president of the young Philippine Republic, General Emilio Aguinaldo.
  37. ↑ Sonza, Demetrio P. (2001). Adriano Hernandez: A Hero in War and in Peace. Local History and Biography Foundation.
  38. ↑ Miller, Stuart Creighton (1982). Benevolent Assimilation: The American Conquest of the Philippines, 1899–1903. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-03081-9.
  39. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 The American Monthly Review of Reviews (January 1899), pp. 24-28
  40. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 The American Monthly Review of Reviews (February 1899), pp. 154-157
  41. ↑ Benedetti, Jean (1999). Stanislavski: His Life and Art (Revised ed.). London: Methuen. ISBN 0-413-52520-1.
  42. ↑ Hunt, Liz (March 1, 2011). "The forensic mind of the original Dr Death". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on January 12, 2022.
  43. ↑ Bettina Liebowitz Knapp (1976). French novelists speak out. Whitston Publishing Company. p. 65. ISBN 9780878750849.
  44. ↑ "Fichier des personnes décédées - DE LABRIFFE Solange Marie Christine Louise | Amiens 05/04/1898 - Paris 03/11/1976". matchID - Moteur de recherche des décès. 1976. Retrieved 2024-02-22.
  45. ↑ "Golda Meir". Britannica Presents 100 Women Trailblazers. 16 February 2019. Retrieved 29 July 2021.
  46. ↑ Information about 1898 in the Reichstag database
  47. ↑ "Erich Maria Remarque Is Dead; Novels Recorded Agony of War". The New York Times. Sep 26, 1970.
  48. ↑ Masterplots Cyclopedia of World Authors. Salem Press. 1958. p. 96.
  49. ↑ "C.S. Lewis | Biography, Books, Mere Christianity, Narnia, & Facts | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 19 June 2023.
  50. ↑ Haworth, S. (January 1899), Schedule A: Births, Wentworth County, Ontario, p. 292{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  51. ↑ Crawford, Alan (23 September 2004). "Beardsley, Aubrey Vincent (1872–1898), illustrator". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/1821. (Subscription, Wikipedia Library access or UK public library membership required.)
  52. ↑ Steinberg, Jonathan (2011). Bismarck: A Life. Oxford University Press. pp. 462–3. ISBN 978-0-19-997539-6.
  53. ↑ Otto Drude (1994). Theodor Fontane. Insel Verlag, Frankfurt. p. 176.
  54. ↑ Public Domain Herman Rosenthal (1901). "Abelman, Ilia Solomonovich". In Singer, Isidore; et al. (eds.). The Jewish Encyclopedia. Vol. 1. New York: Funk & Wagnalls. p. 52.

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