中华人民共和国全国人口普查

中国最早的一次人口普查在西汉汉平帝元始二年(公元2年)进行,数据为12,366,470户,57,671,401人。但由于历史文献资料离现在很远,不很完善。中华人民共和国建国以来一共进行过七次人口普查。最早的一次在1953年,最新的一次为在2020年11月1日進行第七次人口普查

总人口数据

中国大陆历次人口普查总人口数据
指标1953年
(一普)
1964年
(二普)
1982年
(三普)
1990年
(四普)
2000年
(五普)
2010年
(六普)
2020年
(七普)
普查时点(UTC+8 7月1日零时7月1日零时7月1日零时7月1日零时11月1日零时11月1日零时11月1日零时
总人口 582,603,417694,581,7591,008,175,2881,133,682,5011,265,825,0481,339,724,8521,411,778,724
新增人口 111,978,342313,593,529125,507,213132,142,54773,899,80472,053,872
增长(%) 19.2245.1512.4511.665.845.38
年平均增长率(%) 1.752.091.481.070.570.53

主要指标

中国(大陆地区)历次人口普查主要指标[1]
主要指标第一次第二次第三次第四次第五次第六次第七次
普查年份1953年1964年1982年1990年2000年2010年2020年
总人口(万人)58,26069,458100,818113,368126,583133,972141,178
性别构成男性(万人)29,75535,65251,94458,49565,35568,68572,334
女性(万人)27,66533,80648,87454,87361,22865,28768,844
男女性别比(以女性为100,男性对女性的比例)107.55105.46106.3106.6106.74105.2105.07
年龄构成0-14岁年龄段比重(%)36.2840.6933.5927.6922.8916.617.95
15-64岁年龄段比重(%)59.3155.7561.566.7470.1574.5363.35
65岁及以上年龄段比重(%)4.413.564.915.576.968.8713.5
民族构成汉族人口(万人)54,72865,45694,088104,248115,940122,593128,631
汉族人口占总人口比重(%)93.9494.2493.3291.9691.5991.5191.11
少数民族人口(万人)3,5324,0026,7309,12010,64311,37912,546
少数民族人口占总人口比重(%)6.065.766.688.048.418.498.89
受教育程度大专及以上(万人)2886021,6124,57111,96421,836
高中和中专(万人)9126,6489,11314,10918,79921,300
初中(万人)3,23517,82826,46542,98951,96648,716
小学(万人)19,58235,51642,01145,19135,87634,965
文盲人口(万人)23,32722,99618,0038,5075,4663,775
文盲率(%)33.5822.8115.886.724.082.67
城乡分布城镇人口(万人)7,72612,71021,08229,97145,84466,55890,199
乡村人口(万人)50,53556,74879,73683,39780,73967,41550,978

省区人口数据

历次人口普查分省(直辖市与自治区)数据(万人)
地区 1953 1964 1982 1990 2000 2010 2020
人口 占比 人口 占比 人口 占比 人口 占比 人口 占比 人口 占比 人口 占比
中国大陆59,435100%69,458100%100,818100%113,368100%126,583100%133,972100%141,178100%
北京市2770.47%7571.09%9230.92%1,0820.95%1,3821.09%1,9611.46%2,1891.55%
天津市2690.45%不適用不適用7760.77%8790.77%1,0010.79%1,2940.97%1,3870.98%
河北省3,5986.05%4,5696.58%5,3015.26%6,1085.39%6,7445.33%7,1855.36%7,4615.28%
山西省1,4312.41%1,8022.59%2,5292.51%2,8762.54%3,2972.60%3,5712.67%3,4922.47%
内蒙古自治区6101.03%1,2351.78%1,9271.91%2,1461.89%2,3761.88%2,4711.84%2,4051.70%
辽宁省1,8553.12%2,6953.88%3,5723.54%3,9463.48%4,2383.35%4,3753.27%4,2593.02%
吉林省1,1291.90%1,5672.26%2,2562.24%2,4662.18%2,7282.16%2,7462.05%2,4071.71%
黑龙江省1,1902.00%2,0122.90%3,2673.24%3,5213.11%3,6892.91%3,8312.86%3,1852.26%
上海市6201.04%1,0821.56%1,1861.18%1,3341.18%1,6741.32%2,3021.72%2,4871.76%
江苏省[2]4,1256.94%4,4506.41%6,0526.00%6,7065.91%7,4385.88%7,8665.87%8,4746.00%
浙江省2,2873.85%2,8324.08%3,8883.86%4,1453.66%4,6773.69%5,4434.06%6,4574.57%
安徽省3,0345.11%3,1244.50%4,9674.93%5,6184.96%5,9864.73%5,9504.44%6,1034.32%
福建省1,3142.21%1,6762.41%2,5932.57%3,0102.65%3,4712.74%3,6892.75%4,1542.94%
江西省1,6772.82%2,1073.03%3,3183.29%3,7713.33%4,1403.27%4,4573.33%4,5193.20%
山东省4,8888.22%5,5527.99%7,4427.38%8,4397.44%9,0797.17%9,5797.15%10,1527.19%
河南省4,4217.44%5,0337.25%7,4427.38%8,5517.54%9,2567.31%9,4027.02%9,9377.04%
湖北省2,7794.68%3,3714.85%4,7804.74%5,3974.76%6,0284.76%5,7244.27%5,7754.09%
湖南省3,3235.59%3,7185.35%5,4015.36%6,0665.35%6,4405.09%6,5684.90%6,6444.71%
广东省3,4775.85%4,2806.16%5,9305.88%6,2835.54%8,6426.83%10,4307.79%12,6018.93%
广西壮族自治区1,9563.29%2,0853.00%3,6423.61%4,2253.73%4,4893.55%4,6033.44%5,0133.55%
海南省不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用6560.58%7870.62%8670.65%1,0080.71%
重庆市1770.30%不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用3,0902.44%2,8852.15%3,2052.27%
四川省6,23010.48%6,7969.78%9,9719.89%10,7229.46%8,3296.58%8,0426.00%8,3675.93%
贵州省1,5042.53%1,7142.47%2,8552.83%3,2392.86%3,5252.78%3,4752.59%3,8562.73%
云南省1,7472.94%2,0512.95%3,2553.23%3,6973.26%4,2883.39%4,5973.43%4,7213.34%
西藏自治区1270.21%1250.18%1890.19%2200.19%2620.21%3000.22%3650.26%
陕西省1,5882.67%2,0772.99%2,8902.87%3,2882.90%3,6052.85%3,7332.79%3,9532.80%
甘肃省1,2932.18%1,2631.82%1,9571.94%2,2371.97%2,5622.02%2,5581.91%2,5021.77%
青海省1680.28%2150.31%3900.39%4460.39%5180.41%5630.42%5920.42%
宁夏回族自治区不適用不適用不適用不適用3900.39%4660.41%5620.44%6300.47%7200.51%
新疆维吾尔自治区4870.82%7271.05%1,3081.30%5160.45%1,9251.52%2,1811.63%2,5851.83%
西康省3380.57%不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用
热河省5160.87%不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用
沈阳市2300.39%不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用
广州市1600.27%不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用
武汉市1430.24%不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用
西安市790.13%不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用
旅大市770.13%不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用
抚顺市690.12%不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用
现役军人不適用不適用不適用不適用4240.42%3200.28%2500.20%2300.17%2000.14%
难以确定常住地不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用4650.35%不適用不適用

各民族人口

历次人口普查各民族数据
民族1953年普查1964年普查1982年普查1990年普查2000年普查2010年普查2020年普查
人數 %人數 %人數 %人數 %人數 %人數 %人數 %
公报总人口582,603,417100%694,581,759100%1,008,175,288100%1,133,682,501100%1,265,825,048100%1,339,724,852100%1,411,778,724100%
民族列表合计人口575,808,67299.18%不適用不適用不適用不適用1,133,682,501100%1,245,110,82698.36%1,332,810,86999.48%1,409,778,72499.86%
汉族(公报)547,283,05793.94%651,296,36894.22%936,703,82493.30%1,042,482,18791.96%1,159,400,00091.59%1,225,932,64191.51%1,286,311,33491.11%
汉族 (民族列表)540,776,58793.92%651,296,36893.77%936,674,94492.91%1,042,482,18791.96%1,139,773,00891.54%1,220,844,52091.6%1,284,446,38991.11%
壮族(僮族)6,556,4821.14%8,386,1401.21%13,383,0861.33%15,489,6301.37%16,187,1631.3%16,926,3811.27%19,568,5461.39%
维吾尔族3,610,4620.63%3,996,3110.58%5,963,4910.59%7,214,4310.64%8,405,4160.68%10,069,3460.76%11,774,5380.84%
回族3,530,4980.61%4,473,1470.64%7,228,3980.72%8,602,9780.76%9,828,1260.79%10,586,0870.79%11,377,9140.81%
苗族2,490,8740.43%2,782,0880.4%5,021,1750.5%7,398,0350.65%8,945,5380.72%9,426,0070.71%11,067,9290.79%
满族2,399,2280.42%2,695,6750.39%4,304,9810.43%9,821,1800.87%10,708,4640.86%10,387,9580.78%10,423,3030.74%
彝族3,227,7500.56%3,380,9600.49%5,453,5640.54%6,572,1730.58%7,765,8580.62%8,714,3930.65%9,830,3270.7%
土家族不適用不適用524,7550.08%2,836,8140.28%5,704,2230.5%8,037,0140.65%8,353,9120.63%9,587,7320.68%
藏族2,753,0810.48%2,501,1470.36%3,847,3850.38%4,593,3300.41%5,422,9540.44%6,282,1870.47%7,060,7310.5%
蒙古族1,451,0350.25%1,965,7660.28%3,411,3670.34%4,806,8490.42%5,827,8080.47%5,981,8400.45%6,290,2040.45%
布依族1,237,7140.21%1,348,0550.19%2,119,3450.21%2,545,0590.22%2,973,2170.24%2,870,0340.22%3,576,7520.25%
侗族712,8020.12%836,1230.12%1,426,4000.14%2,514,0140.22%2,962,9110.24%2,879,9740.22%3,495,9930.25%
瑶族665,9330.12%857,2650.12%1,411,9670.14%2,134,0130.19%2,638,8780.21%2,796,0030.21%3,309,3410.23%
白族(民家)567,1190.1%706,6230.1%1,132,2240.11%1,594,8270.14%1,861,8950.15%1,933,5100.15%2,091,5430.15%
哈尼族481,2200.08%628,7270.09%1,058,8060.11%1,253,9520.11%1,440,0290.12%1,660,9320.12%1,733,1660.12%
朝鲜族1,111,2750.19%1,339,5690.19%1,765,2040.18%1,920,5970.17%1,929,6960.15%1,830,9290.14%1,702,4790.12%
黎族360,9500.06%438,8130.06%887,1070.09%1,110,9000.1%1,248,0220.1%1,463,0640.11%1,602,1040.11%
哈萨克族509,3750.09%491,6370.07%907,5460.09%1,111,7180.1%1,251,0230.1%1,462,5880.11%1,562,5180.11%
傣族478,9660.08%535,3890.08%839,4960.08%1,025,1280.09%1,159,2310.09%1,261,3110.09%1,329,9850.09%
东乡族155,7610.03%不適用不適用不適用不適用373,8720.03%513,8260.04%621,5000.05%774,9470.05%
傈僳族317,4650.06%270,6280.04%481,8840.05%574,8560.05%635,1010.05%702,8390.05%762,9960.05%
畲族不適用不適用不適用不適用630,3780.06%634,7000.06%710,0390.06%708,6510.05%746,3850.05%
仡佬族不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用437,9970.04%579,7440.05%550,7460.04%677,5210.05%
拉祜族139,0600.02%不適用不適用不適用不適用411,4760.04%453,7650.04%485,9660.04%499,1670.04%
水族(水家)133,5660.02%不適用不適用不適用不適用345,9930.03%407,0000.03%411,8470.03%495,9280.04%
佤族(佧瓦族)286,1580.05%不適用不適用不適用不適用351,9740.03%396,7090.03%429,7090.03%430,9770.03%
纳西族143,4530.02%不適用不適用不適用不適用278,0090.02%309,4770.02%326,2950.02%323,7670.02%
羌族35,6600.01%不適用不適用不適用不適用198,2520.02%306,4760.02%309,5760.02%312,9810.02%
土族53,2770.01%不適用不適用不適用不適用191,6240.02%241,5930.02%289,5650.02%281,9280.02%
仫佬族不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用159,3280.01%207,4640.02%216,2570.02%277,2330.02%
柯尔克孜族70,9440.01%不適用不適用不適用不適用141,5490.01%160,8750.01%186,7080.01%204,4020.01%
锡伯族19,0220%不適用不適用不適用不適用172,8470.02%189,3570.02%190,4810.01%191,9110.01%
撒拉族30,6580.01%不適用不適用不適用不適用876970.01%104,5210.01%130,6070.01%165,1590.01%
景颇族101,8520.02%不適用不適用不適用不適用1192090.01%132,1580.01%147,8280.01%160,4710.01%
达斡尔族不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用121,3570.01%132,7470.01%131,9920.01%132,2990.01%
布朗族不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用82,2800.01%91,8910.01%119,6390.01%127,3450.01%
毛南族不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用71,9680.01%107,1840.01%101,1920.01%124,0920.01%
塔吉克族14,4620%不適用不適用不適用不適用33,5380%41,0560%51,0690%50,8960%
普米族不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用29,6570%33,6280%42,8610%45,0120%
阿昌族不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用27,7080%33,9540%39,5550%43,7750%
怒族不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用27,1230%28,7700%37,5230%36,5750%
鄂温克族(索伦族)4,9540%不適用不適用不適用不適用26,3150%30,5450%30,8750%34,6170%
京族不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用18,9150%22,5840%28,1990%33,1120%
基诺族不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用18,0210%20,8990%23,1430%26,0250%
保安族4,9570%不適用不適用不適用不適用12,2120%16,5050%20,0740%24,4340%
德昂族不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用15,4620%17,9350%20,5560%22,3540%
俄罗斯族22,6560%不適用不適用不適用不適用13,5040%15,6310%15,3930%16,1360%
裕固族3,8610%不適用不適用不適用不適用12,2970%13,7470%14,3870%14,7060%
乌孜别克族13,6260%不適用不適用不適用不適用14,5020%12,4230%10,5690%12,7420%
门巴族不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用7,4750%8,9280%10,5610%11,1430%
鄂伦春族2,2620%不適用不適用不適用不適用6,9650%8,2160%8,6590%9,1680%
独龙族不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用5,8160%7,4310%6,9300%7,3100%
赫哲族不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用4,2450%4,6640%5,3540%5,3730%
珞巴族不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用不適用2,3120%2,9700%3,6820%4,2370%
塔塔尔族6,9290%不適用不適用不適用不適用4,8730%4,8950%3,5560%3,5440%
高山族3290%不適用不適用不適用不適用2,9090%4,4880%4,0090%3,4790%
未定族称人口1,017,1730.18%不適用不適用不適用不適用749,3410.07%734,4380.06%640,1010.05%836,4880.06%
外国人归化中国籍1,0040%不適用不適用不適用不適用3,4210%9410%1,4480%16,5950%
侬族195,6700.03%
沙人112,4330%
雅库特族30%
民族不详1260%

参考文献

引用

  1. 第一至第六次人口普查主要指标来源参见《中国国家统计局全国人口普查公报 页面存档备份,存于
  2. 江苏省第六次人口普查结果概况

来源

外部連結

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