伊万 (建筑)

伊万（波斯語：‎，拉丁转写：eyvān；阿拉伯语：‎；Iwan、ivan；土耳其语：eyvan[1][2]）是波斯和伊斯兰建筑中常见的一种长方形、带有拱顶的空间，三面围墙，一面开放。它由波斯人发明，3世纪时在帕提亚帝国治下达到成熟。在波斯语中伊万的入口門面又称“皮西塔克”（pishtaq）。其上常绘有繁复的几何花纹和伊斯兰书法[3][4]。伊万的大小和形状并不完全固定。

16世紀波斯風格的波伊卡楊伊斯蘭教學校的伊萬，位於烏茲別克的布哈拉
泰姬陵的伊万
希克斯罗图福拉清真寺

参考文献
  1. Wright (1992), p. 508
  2. Boas (2010), p. 366
  3. Dictionary of Islamic architecture: Pishtaq （页面存档备份，存于） archnet.org.
  4. Pishtaq （页面存档备份，存于） Britannica.
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外部连接
维基共享资源上的相关多媒体资源：伊万
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