伯氏亞口魚
伯氏亞口魚為輻鰭魚綱鯉形目亞口魚科的其中一種,為溫帶淡水魚,分布於北美洲美國亞歷桑納州東南部及墨西哥西北部的Rio Yaqui盆地。身體呈梭形且延長,頭部和眼睛相對較大,口下位,唇厚呈吸盤狀,背鰭和尾鰭是深色,其他鰭是白色或黃色,雄魚的臀鰭和背鰭比雌魚大,背鰭軟條12枚,體長可達40公分,棲息在山區、沙漠的溪流、深水潭底部,能適應不同的海拔高度,由於特定的水溫偏好,產卵通常會在每年三月和四月。在這些時期,雄性會變成藍色,而雌性則保持黃褐色,在氾濫季節時喜歡在水前的急流中活動,而在乾旱期間會撤退到水流較慢和較深的水池。通常用吸盤狀的口吸食沉積物中有機物,因此需要大量的沉積物排放,濕地流失和缺乏沉積物的補給與物種的消失密切相關。亞利桑那州在1988年將本物種列入了瀕危物種名單,而恢復其數量的工作卻很少。根據《自然服務》(Nature Serve,2002),含水層的抽水,水流的減少以及非本地綠色翻車魚的捕食都是造成該物種減少的主要因素。
伯氏亞口魚 | |
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在中间 | |
科学分类 | |
界: | 动物界 Animalia |
门: | 脊索动物门 Chordata |
纲: | 綱 Actinopteri |
目: | 鲤形目 Cypriniformes |
科: | 吸口鲤科 Catostomidae |
属: | 亚口鱼属 Catostomus |
种: | 伯氏亞口魚 C. bernardini |
二名法 | |
Catostomus bernardini Girard, 1856 | |
参考文献
- NatureServe 2019. Catostomus bernardini. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019: e.T4039A129655860. Downloaded on 23 July 2019.
- Hendrickson, D.A., et al. 1980. Fishes of the Rio Yaqui Basin, Mexico and United States. Journal of the Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science 15(3):75-77.
- Lowe, C.H., Editor. 1964. The vertebrates of Arizona. University of Arizona Press, Tucson. p. 144.
- Minckley, W.L. 1973. Fishes of Arizona. Arizona Game and Fish Department, Phoenix. pp. 163-164.
- Page, L.M., and B.M. Burr. 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes: North America, north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston. p. 171.
- Rinne, J.N., and W.L. Minckley. 1991. Native fishes of arid lands: a dwindling resource of the desert southwest. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, General Technical *Report RM-206. Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Fort Collins, Colorado. pp. 19-21.
- Arizona Game and Fish Department. In prep. Wildlife of special concern in Arizona. Arizona Game and Fish Department Publication. Phoenix, Arizona. 32 pp.
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