剑心兰属

剑心兰属（学名：Tolumnia），或音译为托伦兰属，缩写为Tolu.，[2]是兰科的一个属。该物种于1986年由圭多·布拉姆从文心兰属中分离出来。舞女兰（Dancing-lady orchid）是该属某些物种的通用名称。[3]

剑心兰属
Tolumnia velutina
科学分类 编辑
界： 植物界 Plantae
演化支： Tracheophyta
演化支： 被子植物 Angiosperms
演化支： 单子叶植物 Monocots
目： 天門冬目 Asparagales
科： 蘭科 Orchidaceae
亚科： 樹蘭亞科 Epidendroideae
族： 蕙蘭族 Cymbidieae
亚族： 文心兰亚族 Oncidiinae
属： 剑心兰属 Tolumnia
Raf.
模式種
Tolumnia pulchella
(Hook.) Raf.
異名[1]
  • Olgasis Raf.
  • Xaritonia Raf.
  • Antillanorchis (C.Wright ex Griseb.) Garay
  • Hispaniella Braem
  • Jamaiciella Braem
  • Braasiella Braem, Lückel & Rüssmann
  • Gudrunia Braem

描述

这些植物很小，通常是附生的，有小的或没有完全被叶子覆盖的假鳞茎，它们的横截面为三角形或圆形，在基部相互重叠，类似于扇子。它们的花序长在叶基之间，会开出艳丽的花朵。它们的唇瓣很大，由形状各异的愈伤组织装饰。合蕊柱（gynostemium）在柱头两侧有突出的翅膀。该属主要原产于大安的列斯群岛，少数物种延伸到佛罗里达、小安的列斯群岛、墨西哥、中美洲和南美洲北部（从哥伦比亚到法属圭亚那）。[1]

下属物种
  1. Tolumnia arizajuliana (Withner & J.Jiménez Alm.) Ackerman, 1997
  2. Tolumnia bahamensis (Nash) Braem, 1986
  3. Tolumnia calochila (Cogn.) Braem, 1986
  4. Tolumnia compressicaulis (Withner) Braem, 1986
  5. Tolumnia gauntlettii (Withner & Jesup) Nir, 1994
  6. Tolumnia guianensis (Aubl.) Braem, 1986
  7. Tolumnia guibertiana (A.Rich.) Braem, 1986
  8. Tolumnia gundlachii (C.Wright ex Griseb.) N.H.Williams & Ackerman, 2007
  9. Tolumnia guttata (L.) Nir, 1994
  10. Tolumnia haitiensis (Leonard & Ames) Braem, 1986
  11. Tolumnia hawkesiana (Moir) Braem, 1986
  12. Tolumnia henekenii (Schomburgk ex Lindl.) Nir, 1994
  13. Tolumnia leiboldi (Rchb. f.) Braem, 1986
  14. Tolumnia lucayana (Nash) Braem, 1986
  15. Tolumnia pulchella (Hook.) Rafinesque, 1837
  16. Tolumnia quadriloba (Schweinf.) Braem, 1986
  17. Tolumnia scandens (Moir) Braem, 1986
  18. Tolumnia sylvestris (Lindl.) Braem, 1986
  19. Tolumnia triquetra (Sw.) Nir, 1994
  20. 豹心兰 Tolumnia tuerckheimii (Cogn.) Braem, 1986
  21. Tolumnia urophylla (Loddiges ex Lindl.) Braem, 1986
  22. Tolumnia usneoides (Lindl.) Braem, 1986
  23. Tolumnia variegata (Sw.) Braem, 1986
  24. Tolumnia velutina (Lindl. & Paxton) Braem, 1986

异名
  1. Tolumnia acunae (M. A. Diaz) Nir, 2000 (豹心兰的异名)
  2. Tolumnia borinquensis Sauleda & Ragan, 1996 (Tolumnia variegata的异名)
  3. Tolumnia caymanensis (Moir) Braem, 1986 (Tolumnia leiboldii的异名)
  4. Tolumnia lemoniana ssp. lemoniana Braem, 1986 (Tolumnia guianensis的异名)
  5. Tolumnia tetrapetala (Jacq.) Braem, 1986 (Tolumnia guttata的异名)

杂交种
此列表不完整。

剑心兰属与其他兰花属的杂交种被置于以下原属中：[4]

  • Aspaleomnia (Alm.) = Tolumnia × Aspasia × Leochilus
  • Bramiltumnia (Bmt.) = Tolumnia × Brassia × Miltonia
  • Cochlumnia (Ccl.) = Tolumnia × Cochlioda
  • Comparumnia (Cmr.) = Tolumnia × Comparettia
  • Cuitlumnia (Ctn.) = Tolumnia × Cuitlauzina
  • Golumnia (Glm.) = Tolumnia × Gomesa
  • Tolucentrum (Tun.) = Tolumnia × Trichocentrum
  • Toluglossum (Tgl.) = Tolumnia × Odontoglossum
  • Tolumnopsis (Tmp.) = Tolumnia × Miltoniopsis
  • Tolutonia (Tut.) = Tolumnia × Miltonia

参考资料
  1. Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  2. Alphabetical List of Standard Abbreviations for Natural and Hybrid Generic Names, RHS, 2017. https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/pdfs/plant-registration-forms/orchid-name-abbreviations-list.pdf （页面存档备份，存于）
  3. . Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. [11 December 2015] （英语）.
  4. . [2023-04-25]. （原始内容存档于2023-05-01）.

外部链接
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