脂鲤科
脂鯉科(学名:Characidae,又译作擬鲤科、鮭鯉科、加拉辛科、加辛拉科),為輻鰭魚綱脂鯉目中最大的一科。是主要为原产于美洲及非洲热带或亚热带的淡水鱼。[2]
脂鲤科 | |
---|---|
一条巴氏丝尾脂鲤(Nematobrycon palmeri)和三条霓虹脂鲤(Paracheirodon innesi) | |
布氏半线脂鲤(Hemigrammus bleheri) | |
科学分类 | |
界: | 动物界 Animalia |
门: | 脊索动物门 Chordata |
纲: | 綱 Actinopteri |
目: | 脂鯉目 Characiformes |
科: | 脂鲤科 Characidae Latreille, 1825 |
屬 | |
見內文 |
分類
脂鯉科下分156個屬,如下:[3]
細脂鯉亞科 Aphyocharacinae
細脂鯉屬(Aphyocharax)
- 阿氏細脂鯉 Aphyocharax agassizii
- 白細脂鯉 Aphyocharax alburnus
- 安氏細脂鯉 Aphyocharax anisitsi
- 委內瑞拉細脂鯉 Aphyocharax colifax
- 大牙細脂鯉 Aphyocharax dentatus
- 淡紅細脂鯉 Aphyocharax erythrurus
- 細脂鯉 Aphyocharax gracilis
- 納氏細脂鯉 Aphyocharax natterei
- 巴拉圭細脂鯉 Aphyocharax paraguayensis
- 柔弱細脂鯉 Aphyocharax pusillus
- 拉氏細脂鯉 Aphyocharax rathbuni
- 耶瓦細脂鯉 Aphyocharax yekwanae
青脂鯉屬(Inpaichthys)
桂脂鯉亞科 Characinae
粘鱸屬(Acestrocephalus)
桂脂鯉屬(Charax)
- 阿普雷桂脂鯉 Charax apurensis
- Charax awa Guimarães, De Brito, Ferreira & Ottoni, 2018[5]
- 尾斑桂脂鯉 Charax caudimaculatus
- 康得氏桂脂鯉 Charax condei
- 駝背桂脂鯉 Charax gibbosus
- 半線桂脂鯉 Charax hemigrammus
- 萊氏桂脂鯉 Charax leticiae
- 大鱗桂脂鯉 Charax macrolepis
- 米塔桂脂鯉 Charax metae
- 邁克爾氏桂脂鯉 Charax michaeli
- 黑桂脂鯉 Charax niger
- 南美桂脂鯉 Charax notulatus
- 少輻桂脂鯉 Charax pauciradiatus
- 魯氏桂脂鯉 Charax rupununi
- 窄鰭桂脂鯉 Charax stenopterus
- 猛桂脂鯉 Charax tectifer
- 單班桂脂鯉 Charax unimaculatus
犬齒河脂鯉屬(Cynopotamus)
- 亞馬遜犬齒河脂鯉 Cynopotamus amazonus
- 銀犬齒河脂鯉 Cynopotamus argenteus
- 阿特拉托犬齒河脂鯉 Cynopotamus atratoensis
- 雙斑犬齒河脂鯉 Cynopotamus bipunctatus
- 圭亞那犬齒河脂鯉 Cynopotamus essequibensis
- 古氏犬齒河脂鯉 Cynopotamus gouldingi
- 朱氏犬齒河脂鯉 Cynopotamus juruenae
- 金氏犬齒河脂鯉 Cynopotamus kincaidi
- 旋遊犬齒河脂鯉 Cynopotamus magdalenae
- 圖康廷斯犬齒河脂鯉 Cynopotamus tocatinensis
- 委內瑞拉犬齒河脂鯉 Cynopotamus venezuelae
- 麗體犬齒河脂鯉 Cynopotamus xinguano)
平腹脂鯉屬(Phenacogaster)
鋸齒脂鯉屬(Priocharax)
突頜脂鯉屬(Roeboides)
寶蓮燈魚亞科 Cheirodontinae
亞馬遜棘脂鯉屬(Amazonspinther)
寶蓮燈魚屬(Cheirodon)
金齧脂鯉屬(Chrysobrycon)
Ctenocheirodon屬
- Ctenocheirodon pristis
光牙寶蓮魚屬(Odontostilbe)
前齒脂鯉屬(Prodontocharax)
盾皮脂鯉屬(Saccoderma)
鋸翼脂鯉屬(Serrapinnus)
裸脂鯉亞科 Gymnocharacinae
小脂鯉亞科(Salmininae)
鋸胸脂鯉亞科(Stethaprioninae)
短蜴脂鯉屬(Brachychalcinus)
裸頂脂鯉屬(Gymnocorymbus)
直棘脂鯉屬(Orthospinus)
- 巴西直棘脂鯉 Orthospinus franciscensis
銀鞍脂鯉屬(Poptella)
Stevardiinae亚科
白肋脂鯉屬(Argopleura)
奧利脂鯉屬(Aulixidens)
- 奧利脂鯉 Aulixidens eugeniae
貝基脂鯉屬(Boehlkea)
- 弗氏貝基脂鯉 Boehlkea fredcochui
齧齒脂鯉屬(Bryconacidnus)
齧魚屬(Caiapobrycon)
- 南美齧魚 Caiapobrycon tucuri
角鰓脂鯉屬(Ceratobranchia)
劍尾脂鯉屬(Corynopoma)
- 里氏劍尾脂鯉 Corynopoma riisei
鈎齒脂鯉屬(Creagrutus)
藍脂鯉屬(Cyanocharax)
全脂鯉屬(Diapoma)
裙魚屬(Gephyrocharax)
- 黑尾裙魚 Gephyrocharax atracaudatus
- 高加裙魚 Gephyrocharax caucanus
- 夏帕裙魚 Gephyrocharax chaparae
- 喬科裙魚 Gephyrocharax chocoensis
- 間裙魚 Gephyrocharax intermedius
- 大裙魚 Gephyrocharax major
- 苦裙魚 Gephyrocharax martae
- 黑裙魚 Gephyrocharax melanocheir
- 南美裙魚 Gephyrocharax sinuensis
- 壯裙魚 Gephyrocharax valencia
- 委內瑞拉裙魚 Gephyrocharax venezuelae
- 惠氏裙魚 Gephyrocharax whaleri
半齧脂鯉屬(Hemibrycon)
宮脂鯉屬(Hysteronotus)
- 巴西宮脂鯉 Hysteronotus megalostomus
早熟齧脂鯉屬(Iotabrycon)
- 早熟齧脂鯉 Iotabrycon praecox
蘭脂鯉屬(Landonia)
- 厄瓜多爾蘭脂鯉 Landonia latidens
Lepidocharax属
- Lepidocharax burnsi
- Lepidocharax diamantina
冠石脂鯉屬(Lophiobrycon)
- 韋氏冠石脂鯉 Lophiobrycon weitzmani
小頦脂鯉屬(Microgenys)
長臀脂鯉屬(Mimagoniates)
單寶蓮魚屬(Monotocheirodon)
侏脂鯉屬(Nantis)
- 阿根廷侏脂鯉 Nantis indefessus
單牙脂鯉屬(Odontostoechus)
- 單牙脂鯉 Odontostoechus lethostigmus
帆鰭脂鯉屬(Othonocheirodus)
- 艾氏帆鰭脂鯉 Othonocheirodus eigenmanni
盜脂鯉屬(Phenacobrycon)
- 漢氏盜脂鯉 Phenacobrycon henni
嵴腹脂鯉屬(Pseudocorynopoma)
褶脂鯉屬(Ptychocharax)
- 喜溪褶脂鯉 Ptychocharax rhyacophila
大吻石脂鯉屬(Rhinobrycon)
- 南美大吻石脂鯉 Rhinobrycon negrensis
輪唇脂鯉屬(Trochilocharax)
- 飾妝輪唇脂鯉 Trochilocharax ornatus
泰托脂鯉屬(Tyttocharax)
大眼脂鯉亞科(Tetragonopterinae)
大眼脂鯉屬(Tetragonopterus)
- Tetragonopterus anostomus
- 阿瓜亞河大眼脂鯉 Tetragonopterus araguaiensis
- 銀大眼脂鯉 Tetragonopterus argenteus Cuvier, 1816[14]
- 卡氏大眼脂鲤 Tetragonopterus carvalhoi
- 金大眼脂鯉 Tetragonopterus chalceus
- 小齿大眼脂鲤 Tetragonopterus denticulatus
- Tetragonopterus franciscoensis
- 喬氏大眼脂鲤 Tetragonopterus georgiae
- Tetragonopterus juruena
- Tetragonopterus kuluene
- Tetragonopterus ommatus
- 罕見大眼脂鯉 Tetragonopterus rarus
- Tetragonopterus signatus
異脂鯉亞科(Heterocharacinae)
頜脂鯉屬(Gnathocharax)
- 斯氏頜脂鯉 Gnathocharax steindachneri
異脂鯉屬(Heterocharax)
武脂鯉屬(Hoplocharax)
- 戈氏武脂鯉 Hoplocharax goethei
矛脂鯉屬(Lonchogenys)
- 鰳形矛脂鯉 Lonchogenys ilisha
地位未定(incertae sedis)
擬麗脂鯉屬(Astyanacinus)
麗脂鯉屬(Astyanax)
怪脂鯉屬(Atopomesus)
- 內格羅河怪脂鯉 Atopomesus pachyodus
巴里奧脂鯉屬(Bario)
- 斯氏巴里奧脂鯉 Bario steindachneri
布拉姆脂鯉屬(Bramocharax)
小齧脂鯉屬(Bryconella)
- 南美小齧脂鯉 Bryconella pallidifrons (Fowler, 1946)
大鱗脂鯉屬(Chalceus)
櫛嚙魚屬(Ctenobrycon)
咬齧魚屬(Dectobrycon)
- 杏色咬齧魚 Dectobrycon armeniacus
副齒脂鯉屬(Deuterodon)
似鯷鯡脂鯉屬(Engraulisoma)
- 似鯷鯡脂鯉 Engraulisoma taeniatum
Erythrocharax屬
- Erythrocharax altipinnis Netto-Ferreira, Birindelli, de Sousa, Mariguela & Oliveira, 2013[16]
裸身脂鯉屬(Gymnotichthys)
- 希氏裸身脂鯉 Gymnotichthys hildae
光尾裙魚屬(Hasemania)
半線脂鯉屬(Hemigrammus)
南美荷蘭魚屬(Hollandichthys)
- 多帶南美荷蘭魚 Hollandichthys multifasciatus
- 特拉曼达伊河南美荷兰鱼 Hollandichthys taramandahy
魮脂鯉屬(Hyphessobrycon)
食蚊脂鯉屬(Lignobrycon)
- 梅氏食蚊脂鯉 Lignobrycon myersi
墨西石脂鯉屬(Mixobrycon)
- 里氏墨西石脂鯉 Mixobrycon ribeiroi
黏眼魚屬(Myxiops)
- 巴西黏眼魚 Myxiops aphos
寡石脂鯉屬(Oligobrycon)
- 小口寡石脂鯉 Oligobrycon microstomus
寡脂鯉屬(Oligosarcus)
- 尖吻寡脂鯉 Oligosarcus acutirostris
- 銀寡脂鯉 Oligosarcus argenteus
- 玻利維亞寡脂鯉 Oligosarcus bolivianus
- 短寡脂鯉 Oligosarcus brevioris
- 貪食寡脂鯉 Oligosarcus hepsetus
- 伊塔乌河寡脂鲤 Oligosarcus itau
- 傑卡河寡脂鯉 Oligosarcus jacuiensis
- 詹氏寡脂鯉 Oligosarcus jenynsii
- 長吻寡脂鯉 Oligosarcus longirostris
- 大鱗寡脂鯉 Oligosarcus macrolepis
- 米尼茲寡脂鯉 Oligosarcus menezesi
- 少鱗寡脂鯉 Oligosarcus oligolepis
- 巴那拉河寡脂鯉 Oligosarcus paranensis
- 巴西寡脂鯉 Oligosarcus perdido
- 平托氏寡脂鯉 Oligosarcus pintoi
- 南美寡脂鯉 Oligosarcus planaltinae
- 紅寡脂鯉 Oligosarcus robustus
- 謝氏寡脂鯉 Oligosarcus schindleri
- 沼澤寡脂鯉 Oligosarcus solitarius
霓虹脂鯉屬(Paracheirodon)
珀蒂魚屬(Petitella)
- 珀蒂魚 Petitella georgiae
莖齧脂鯉屬(Phallobrycon)
- 碧背莖齧脂鯉 Phallobrycon adenacanthus
細鋸脂鯉屬(Pristella)
奇口脂鯉屬(Probolodus)
- 奇口脂鯉 Probolodus heterostomus
飾紋脂鯉屬(Psellogrammus)
- 肯氏飾紋脂鯉 Psellogrammus kennedyi
擬蜥脂鯉屬(Pseudochalceus)
裂脂鯉屬(Scissor)
- 大頭裂脂鯉 Scissor macrocephalus
鋸石脂鯉屬(Serrabrycon)
- 梅氏鋸石脂鯉 Serrabrycon magoi
冥脂鯉屬(Stygichthys)
- 盲眼冥脂鯉 Stygichthys typhlops
亞科未定
Cyanogaster屬
- Cyanogaster noctivaga Mattox, Britz, Toledo-Piza & Marinho, 2013[19]
Phycocharax屬
- Phycocharax rasbora Ohara, Mirande & Lima, 2017[21]
参考资料
维基共享资源上的相关多媒体资源:脂鲤科 |
- FishBase (2011)
- Berra, Tim M. . University of Chicago Press. 2008. ISBN 978-0-226-04443-9.
- . GBIF. [2023-05-30]. (原始内容存档于2022-10-27).
- Vitor Pimenta Abrahão, Murilo Pastana and Manoela Marinho. 2019. On A Remarkable Sexual Dimorphic Trait in the Characiformes related to the Olfactory Organ and Description of A New Miniature Species of Tyttobrycon Géry (Characiformes: Characidae). PLoS ONE. 14(12): e0226130. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226130
- Erick Cristofore Guimarães, Pâmella Silva De Brito, Beldo Rywllon Abreu Ferreira and Felipe Polivanov Ottoni. 2018. A New Species of Charax (Ostariophysi, Characiformes, Characidae) from northeastern Brazil. Zoosystematics and Evolution. 94(1): 83-93. DOI: 10.3897/zse.94.22106
- Malabarba, L.R.; Weitzman, S.H. (1999). A new genus and species of South American fishes (Teleostei: Characidae: Cheirodontinae) with a derived caudal fin, including comments about inseminating cheirodontines. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 112: 410-431.
- Cristina M. Bührnheim, Tiago P. Carvalho, Luiz R. Malabarba and Stanley H. Weitzman. 2008. A New Genus and Species of Characid Fish from the Amazon Basin - the Recognition of A Relictual Lineage of Characid Fishes (Ostariophysi: Cheirodontinae: Cheirodontini). Neotrop. ichthyol. 6(4); DOI: 10.1590/S1679-62252008000400016
- Pearson, N. E. (1924). The fishes of the eastern slope of the Andes. I. The fishes of the Rio Beni basin, Bolivia, collected by the Mulford expedition. Indiana University Studies. v. 11 (no. 64): 1-83, Pls. 1-12.
- Bragança, P.H.N.d., Barbosa, M.A. & Mattos, J.L. 2013. A New Nematocharax Species from the middle Contas River basin, Northeastern Brazil (Characiformes: Characidae). Vertebrate Zoology. 63 (1): 3-8.
- Weitzman, S. H.; Menezes, N. A.; Britski, H. A. (1986). Nematocharax venustus, a new genus and species of fish from the Rio Jequitinhonha, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 99 (2): 335-346.
- James R. Garcia-Ayala, Willian M. Ohara, Murilo N. L. Pastana and Ricardo C. Benine. 2017. A New Species of Brachychalcinus (Characiformes: Characidae) from the rio Xingu basin, Serra do Cachimbo, Brazil. Zootaxa. 4362(4); 564–574. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4362.4.5
- Tiago P. Carvalho, Andréa Tonolli Thomaz, Alexander Urbano-Bonilla and Saúl Prada-Pedreros. 2024. A New characid Species with remarkable sexual dimorphism (Characiformes: Characidae: Stevardiinae) from the upper Guayabero River, Orinoco basin, Colombia. Journal of Fish Biology. DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15738
- Luiz R. Malabarba, Junior Chuctaya, Alice Hirschmann, Eduardo Bitencourt de Oliveira and Andréa T. Thomaz. 2020. Hidden or unnoticed? Multiple Lines of Evidence Support the Recognition of A New Species of Pseudocorynopoma (Characidae: Corynopomini). Journal of Fish Biology. DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14572
- Silva, Gabriel S. C., Bruno F. Melo, Claudio Oliveira and Ricardo C. Benine. 2016. Revision of the South American Genus Tetragonopterus Cuvier, 1816 (Teleostei: Characidae) with Description of Four New Species. Zootaxa. 4200(1); 1–46. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4200.1.1
- Eigenmann, C. H. (1912). Some results from an ichthyological reconnaissance of Colombia, South America. Part I. (Contrib. Zool. Lab. Ind. Univ. No. 127.). Indiana University Studies. No. 16 [sic No. 8]: 1-27.
- Netto-Ferreira, A.L., Birindelli, J.L.O., de Sousa, L.M., Mariguela, T.C. & Oliveira, C. 2013. A New Miniature Characid (Ostariophysi: Characiformes: Characidae), with Phylogenetic Position Inferred from Morphological and Molecular Data. PLoS ONE
- Cristhian C. Conde-Saldaña, Juan G. Albornoz-Garzón, Jorge E. García-Melo, Francisco A. Villa-Navarro, J. Marcos Mirande and Flávio C. T. Lima. 2019. A New Pristella (Characiformes: Characidae) from the Río Orinoco Basin, Colombia, with A Redefinition of the Genus. Copeia. 107(3); 439-446. DOI: 10.1643/CI-18-147
- George M. T. Mattox and Kevin W. Conway. 2021. Osteology of Tucanoichthys tucano Géry and Römer, An Enigmatic Miniature Fish from the Amazon Basin, Brazil (Teleostei: Characiformes: Characidae). Vertebrate Zoology. 71: 645-667. DOI: 10.3897/vz.71.e71886
- Mattox, G.M.T., Britz, R., Toledo-Piza, M. & Marinho, M.M.F. 2013. Cyanogaster noctivaga, a remarkable new genus and species of miniature fish from the Rio Negro, Amazon basin (Ostariophysi: Characidae). Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwaters. 23(4), 297-318.
- Richard P. Vari, Bruno F. Melo and Claudio Oliveira. 2016. Protocheirodon, A New Genus of Characidae (Teleostei: Characiformes) with the Redescription of the Poorly Known Protocheirodon pi. Neotrop. ichthyol. 14(2); DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20150154
- Willian Massaharu Ohara, Juan Marcos Mirande and Flávio Cesar Thadeo de Lima. 2017. Phycocharax rasbora, A New Genus and Species of Brazilian Tetra (Characiformes: Characidae) from Serra do Cachimbo, rio Tapajós Basin. PLoS Biology. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170648
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