勞拉·布里奇曼
勞拉·杜威·林恩·布里奇曼(Laura Dewey Lynn Bridgman,1829 年 12 月 21 日 - 1889 年 5 月 24 日)被稱為美國第一位接受英語語言教育的盲聾兒童,比著名的海倫·凱勒早了50年。[1]布里奇曼因感染猩红热在兩歲時失明。她到柏金斯啟明學校接受教育,在薩繆爾·格里德利·豪(Samuel Gridley Howe)指導下,她學會以盲文和查爾斯·米歇爾·德·利比(Charles-Michel de l'Épée)開發的手語字母表閱讀和交流。 [2]
Laura Dewey Lynn Bridgman | |
---|---|
出生 | 漢諾瓦 (新罕布夏州) | 1829年12月21日
逝世 | 1889年5月24日 波士顿 | (59歲)
墓地 | Dana Cemetery, 漢諾瓦 (新罕布夏州) |
教育程度 | 柏金斯啟明學校 |
查爾斯·狄更斯在1842年美國遊歷期間遇到了布里奇曼,並在《美國紀行》中記錄她的成就,讓布里奇曼成為了名人。但是名氣只是曇花一現,她的餘生在默默無聞中度過,大部分時間都待在柏金斯學校,透過縫紉和閱讀盲文打發時間。
傳承
布里奇曼在年輕時就作為聾啞人的教育典範而聞名。海倫·凱勒的母親凱特·凱勒受到狄更斯在《美國紀行》的記述啟發,在徵求意見之後,她聘請了柏金斯學校的老師,同時也是校友的安·蘇利文。蘇利文曾在柏金斯學校學習過手語字母表,她把這些字母知識和穿著布里奇曼親手縫製的衣服的娃娃一道帶給海倫。[3]
參見
延伸閲讀
- Elliott, Maud Howe and Florence Howe Hall. Laura Bridgman: Dr. Howe's Famous Pupil and What He Taught Her, Boston, 1903.
- Freeberg, Ernest. The Education of Laura Bridgman : First Deaf and Blind Person to Learn Language, 2001. ISBN 0-674-00589-9ISBN 0-674-00589-9
- Gitter, Elisabeth. The Imprisoned Guest: Samuel Howe and Laura Bridgman, the Original Deaf-Blind Girl, 2001. ISBN 0-374-11738-1ISBN 0-374-11738-1
- Hayward, John. "A Gazetteer of Massachusetts", Boston, 1847.
- Hunter, Edith Fisher. Child of the Silent Night, 1963. ISBN 0-395-06835-5ISBN 0-395-06835-5
- Jerusalem, Wilhelm. "Laura Bridgman. Education of a Deafblind. A Psychological Study", Vienna, 1890.
- Lamson, Mary Swift (1878) Life and Education of Laura Dewey Bridgman (Boston, Houghton Mifflin)
- Richards, Laura E.. Laura Bridgman: The Story of an Opened Door, D. Appleton & Company. 1928.
外部連結
- Laura Dewey Bridgman collection at The Leonard Axe Library, Pittsburg State University.
- 在Find a Grave上的勞拉·布里奇曼
- Laura Bridgman and the music taken from "Wilhelm Jerusalem – Helen Keller:'Letters'" Dokumentary Theatre by Herbert Gantschacher: (页面存档备份,存于)
- Laura E. Richards: Laura Bridgman: The Story of an Opened Door
- Literature on Laura Bridgman at the University Library Marburg (Germany) (页面存档备份,存于) and the Collection Max Kirmsse (页面存档备份,存于)
- Laura Bridgman Collection in the Perkins School for the Blind Archives (页面存档备份,存于)
參考文獻
- However, there are accounts of deaf-blind people communicating in tactile sign language before this time, as deaf-blind Victorine Morriseau (1789–1832) had successfully learned French as a child some years earlier.
- Mahoney, Rosemary. . Slate. May 2014 [May 29, 2016]. (原始内容存档于2018-10-03).
- Gitter, p. 281.
- Lawrence E. Harvey. . Modern Philology. February 1958, 55 (3): 188–197. JSTOR 434963. doi:10.1086/389215.
- . ShipSpotting.com. [6 November 2014]. (原始内容存档于2021-10-10).
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