卡尔·格什曼
卡尔·格什曼（Carl Gershman，1943年7月20日—）[1]是美国政治人物，自1984年以来一直担任美国国家民主基金会主席。[2]里根擔任美國總統期間，格什曼曾担任美国驻联合国人权理事会大使。
| 卡尔·格什曼 Carl Gershman | |
|---|---|
 | |
| 美国国家民主基金会總裁 | |
现任 | |
| 就任日期 1984 | |
| 个人资料 | |
| 出生 | 1943年7月20日 美國纽约 |
| 母校 | 耶鲁大学 (文学士) 哈佛大学教育研究生院 (教育学硕士) |
政治活动
2020年8月10日，為了報復美國財政部宣布制裁林鄭月娥等11名侵犯人權及損害香港自治的中港官員，中华人民共和国外交部发言人赵立坚宣布，对格什曼等11名支持香港民主運動的美國議員及民間人士實施制裁。[3]
榮譽
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出版物
- Gershman, Carl, , SAGE policy papers 3, 战略与国际研究中心, 乔治城大学, Washington D.C. (Washington Papers 29), 賽吉出版公司: 1–82, December 1975, ISBN 978-0-8039-0572-6 Gershman, Carl, , SAGE policy papers 3, 战略与国际研究中心, 乔治城大学, Washington D.C. (Washington Papers 29), 賽吉出版公司: 1–82, December 1975, ISBN 978-0-8039-0572-6
- Gershman, Carl, , SD Papers 1, discussions also by 悉尼·胡克, Bayard Rustin, and Penn Kemble, New York: Social Democrats, USA: 7–9, 1978, Selected Reprints from Commentary (magazine) (April 1978) pp. 29–71 Gershman, Carl, , SD Papers 1, discussions also by 悉尼·胡克, Bayard Rustin, and Penn Kemble, New York: Social Democrats, USA: 7–9, 1978, Selected Reprints from Commentary (magazine) (April 1978) pp. 29–71
- Rustin, Bayard; Gershman, Carl. . SD papers 2. New York: Social Democrats, USA. 1978.
- Gershman, Carl. . Commentary. SD papers (New York: Social Democrats, USA). May 1978, 3: 89–93.
- Gershman, Carl. . SD papers 4. New York: Social Democrats, USA. 1978. Reprinted from Commentary (magazine) (August 1978).
- Gershman, Carl. . SD papers 6. New York: Social Democrats, USA. 1979. Reprinted from Commentary (magazine) (April 1979).
- Gershman, Carl. . Society (New York: Transactions (purchased by Springer)). November 3, 1980, 18 (1): 9–15. ISSN 0147-2011. doi:10.1007/BF02694835.
- Gershman, Carl, , Freedman, Rita (编), , Following commentary by Jim Chapin (pp. 86–89) on panel presentations by 西摩·马丁·利普塞特 (pp. 71–75), Will Marshall (pp. 76–81), and Fred Siegel (pp. 81–86), chaired by Ronald Radosh (p. 85), Washington, DC: Social Democrats, USA: 89–93, 1993, Gershman discusses American social democracy as a form of radical-democratic Americanism (ideology), which has been properly inspired more by 托马斯·杰斐逊, 詹姆斯·麦迪逊, and 伍德罗·威尔逊 than by 卡尔·马克思 and 爱德华·伯恩斯坦.
- Gershman, Carl, , National Endowment for Democracy, December 12, 2003 [2020-08-10], （原始内容存档于2014-07-06）
- Gershman, Carl; Gutierrez, Orlando. (PDF). 民主期刊. January 2009, 20 (1): 36–54 [August 13, 2011]. doi:10.1353/jod.0.0051. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2009-09-18）.
- Gershman, Carl, , Washington D.C.: National Endowment for Democracy, August 29, 2011 [2020-08-10], （原始内容存档于2015-05-18）
參考文獻
外部來源
- Bernstein, Carl. . 時代雜誌 U.S. February 24, 1992: 28–35 [2020-08-10]. （原始内容存档于2013-08-25）.
- Domber, Gregory F., (Ph.D. dissertation (September 12, 2007), 喬治·華盛頓大學): 1–506, 2008 [2020-08-10], ISBN 978-0-549-38516-5, Winner of the "2009 Betty M. Unterberger Prize for Best Dissertation on United States Foreign Policy from the Society for Historians of American Foreign Relations", （原始内容存档于2016-05-20） Revised and incorporated in Domber, Gregory F. . The New Cold War History. University of North Carolina Press books. 2014 [2020-08-10]. ISBN 9781469618517. （原始内容存档于2020-08-19）.
- Gershman, Carl. . Society (New York: Transactions (purchased by Springer)). November 3, 1980, 18 (1): 9–15. ISSN 0147-2011. doi:10.1007/BF02694835.
- Harrington, Michael. . Society (New York: Transactions (purchased by Springer)). November 3, 1980, 18 (1): 16–21. ISSN 0147-2011. doi:10.1007/BF02694836.
- Lipset, Seymour Martin. . Society (New York: Transactions (purchased by Springer)). July 4, 1988, 25 (5): 29–37. ISSN 0147-2011. doi:10.1007/BF02695739.
- Massing, Michael. . The New Republic. 1987: 18–22.
- Muravchik, Joshua. . Commentary (magazine). January 2006 [June 15, 2007]. （原始内容存档于2016-03-04）.
- Nossiter, Bernard D. . The New York Times Late City final. March 3, 1981. section A, p. 2, col. 3 [2020-08-10]. （原始内容存档于2018-08-15）.
- Pear, Robert. . Albany Times Union (Albany, NY). 10 July 1988 [14 April 2012]. (subscription required). （原始内容存档于2013-01-25）.
- Puddington, Arch. . American Educator (American Federation of Teachers). 2005, (Summer) [June 4, 2011]. （原始内容存档于2014-10-06）.
- Puddington, Arch. . Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley and Sons. 2005K. ISBN 0-471-41694-0.
- Reed, Dale, (PDF), Stanford, CA: 胡佛研究所 Archives, Stanford University, 1999 [2011-08-13], （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2011-08-07）
- Thiel, Rainer. . VS Verlag. 2010: 179–235, especially 204 and 231 [2020-08-10]. ISBN 978-3-531-17769-4. （原始内容存档于2020-09-26）.
- Anonymous, , 美国国家民主基金会, [2011-08-13], （原始内容存档于2015-06-29）
- McKew, Maxine, , Sunday Profiles, Australia: 澳大利亚广播公司 (ABC), August 20, 2006 [2011-08-13], （原始内容存档于2016-08-18）
- Reed, Dale, (PDF), Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution Archives, Stanford University, 1999 [2011-08-13], （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2011-08-07）
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