双古堆遗址
双古堆是中国安徽省阜阳市附近的一处西汉早期墓葬遗址。1号墓葬属于汝陰侯夏侯灶,封于公元前165年。在1977年的发掘中,发现了大量汉简,内容有《诗经》与《楚辞》片断、年表、异于传世本的《易经》等。与马王堆和郭店这两处位于古楚国的墓葬一样,双古堆遗址的发掘为西汉早期的文化与习俗提供了重要资料。
在中国的位置 | |
地點 | 中国安徽省阜阳市 |
---|---|
坐標 | 32.9°N 115.8°E |
類型 | 陵墓 |
歷史 | |
時代 | 汉朝 |
事件 | 封存于公元前165年 |
发掘与鉴定
夏侯灶墓遗址被称为双古堆,位于安徽省阜阳市,于1977年7月在扩建阜阳机场时发现。[1]双古堆位于阜阳市外约3km处,人们知道此处有古墓,但不能确定发掘工作有否计划,还是临时进行。[2]发掘工作由安徽省文物考古队的两名考古学家监督,发现了两座墓,东面的1号墓有带字文物。[1]宽4.1m的斜道通向一个南北长9.2m、东西宽7.65m的墓室,大约是1973年发现的马王堆汉墓3号墓面积的一半。[3]
1号墓中发现的一些青铜器上记有墓主人女[汝]陰侯的名字。[2]汝阴侯是西汉初设立的新封爵,最早授予给夏侯婴(?-172 BC)。考古学家确定该墓属于夏侯婴之子夏侯灶,也就是第二任汝阴侯。关于他的情况知之甚少,[4]可以确定卒于汉文帝十五年(公元前165年)。[5]
出土文物
注释
- Shaughnessy 2014,第190頁.
- Shaughnessy 2014,第190–91頁.
- Shaughnessy 2014,第189–90頁.
- Greatrex 1994,第98頁;Shaughnessy 2014,第191頁.
- Shaughnessy 2014,第191頁.
- Lewis 2006,第275 (earliest)頁;Dorofeeva-Lichtmann 2007,第294 ("cosmograph")頁;Tseng 2011,第47 (widely used)頁;Shaughnessy 2014,第190–91 ("two well-preserved diviner's boards")頁. A drawing of one of these boards first published in the Chinese journal Kaogu ("Archeology") in 1978, is reproduced in Harper 1999,第840頁; Dorofeeva-Lichtmann 2007,第294頁; and Tseng 2011,第49頁.
- Harper 1999,第839 ("astrological instrument" and description)頁;Tseng 2011,第47 (lacquered) and 49 (measurements)頁.
- Harper 1999,第839 (on help for divination) and 841 (on Northern Dipper as deity)頁;Tseng 2011,第47 (description of artifact)頁.
- Harper 1999,第841–43頁.
书目
引用文献
- Dorofeeva-Lichtmann, Vera, , Chemla, Karine (编), , Dordrecht: Springer: 3–49, 2004, ISBN 1-4020-2320-0.
- ———, , Francesca Bray; Vera Dorofeeva-Lichtmann; Georges Métailié (编), , Leiden and Boston: E.J. Brill: 217–94, 2007, ISBN 978-90-04-16063-7.
- Graziani, Romain, , John Lagerwey; Mark Kalinowski (编), , Leiden: Brill: 459–518, 2009, ISBN 978-90-04-16835-0.
- Greatrex, Roger, , Joakim Enwall (编), , Stockholm: Association of Oriental Studies: 97–113, 1994, ISBN 91-970854-3-X.
- Harper, Donald, , Early China, 1978–1979, 4: 1–10, JSTOR 23351383, doi:10.1017/S0362502800005836. – JSTOR
- ———, , London and New York: Kegan Paul International, 1998, ISBN 0-7103-0582-6.
- ———, , Michael Loewe; Edward L. Shaughnessy (编), , Cambridge: Cambridge University Press: 813–84, 1999, ISBN 0-521-47030-7.
- Hayhoe, Ruth, , Oxford and New York: Pergamon Press, 1992, ISBN 0-08-037411-5.
- Hsu, Elisabeth, , Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010, ISBN 978-0-521-51662-4.
- 胡平生, translated by Deborah Porter, , Early China, 1989, 14: 1–25, JSTOR 23351410, doi:10.1017/S0362502800002571. – JSTOR
- Kalinowski, Marc, , Early China, 2013, 35: 331–360, doi:10.1017/S0362502800000535.
- Kern, Martin, , Martin Kern (编), , Seattle: University of Washington Press: 149–93, 2005, ISBN 978-0-295-98787-3.
- Lewis, Mark Edward, , Albany, NY: SUNY Press, 2006, ISBN 0-7914-6608-6.
- Sabban, Françoise, [When the form transcends the thing: history of pasta in China, 3rd century BC – 3rd century AD], Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales, 2000, 55 (4): 791–824 [2023-05-16], doi:10.3406/ahess.2000.279881, (原始内容存档于2015-09-24).
- Shaughnessy, Edward L., (PDF), Asia Major, Third Series, 2001, 14 (1): 7–18 [2023-05-16], (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2023-05-16).
- ———, , New York: Columbia University Press, 2014, ISBN 978-0-231-16184-8.
- Sterckx, Roel, , Albany, NY: SUNY Press, 2002, ISBN 0-7914-5270-0.
- Tseng, Lillian Lan-ying, , Cambridge (Massachusetts) and London: Harvard University Asia Center, distributed by Harvard University Press, 2011, ISBN 978-0-674-06069-2.
- Unschuld, Paul U.; Zheng, Jinsheng, , Vivienne Lo; Christopher Cullen (编), , New York: RoutledgeCurzon: 19–44, 2005, ISBN 0-415-34295-3.
- Vankeerberghen, Griet, , Francesca Bray; Vera Dorofeeva-Lichtmann; Georges Métailié (编), , Leiden and Boston: E,J. Brill: 295–311, 2007, ISBN 978-90-04-16063-7.
- Wilkinson, Endymion, , Cambridge (Massachusetts) and London: Harvard University Asia Center, 2000, ISBN 0-674-00247-4.
阅读更多
- 阜阳汉简整理组, [Organizing group for the Han-dynasty bamboo slips from Fuyang], , 文物, 1983, 1983 (2): 24–34.
- ———, , 文物, 1984, 1984 (8): 1–12.
- ———, , 文物, 1988, 1988 (4): 36–54.
- 邢文, , Monumenta Serica: Journal of Oriental Studies, 2003, 51: 571–604, JSTOR 40727382, doi:10.1080/02549948.2003.11731403 – JSTOR
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