和平祭坛博物馆

和平祭坛（拉丁语：Ara Pacis Augustae）是一个供奉和平女神的祭坛，公元前13年7月4日由罗马元老院修建，以庆祝罗马皇帝奥古斯都从西班牙和高卢凯旋[1]，公元前9年1月30日罗马元老院进行祝圣，以庆祝奥古斯都胜利后为帝国带来的和平[2]。它试图描绘罗马和平时期的和平与繁荣，并提醒人们，这些是因朱里亞·克勞狄王朝带来的罗马帝国的军事优势而有的。

和平祭坛
和平祭坛北侧
和平祭坛南侧

祭坛的形制类似古罗马早期的露天祭坛，而四周的浮雕明显带有古希腊古典时期的雕塑风格。祭坛分上下两部分。下部为装饰性图案，象征着奥古斯都统治下的和平与富饶，上部是叙事性浮雕，包括庆祝祭坛设立的游行场面以及象征性内容。北面的浮雕中有帝国官员和妻儿走向入口的形象，南面的浮雕记录了皇室的成员。

参考文献
  1. "On my return from Spain and Gaul in the consulship of Tiberius Nero and Publius Quintilius after successfully arranging affairs in those provinces, the senate resolved that an altar of the Augustan Peace should be consecrated next to Campus Martius in honor of my return, and ordered that the magistrates and priests and Vestal Virgins should perform an annual sacrifice there....By new laws passed on my proposal I brought back into use many exemplary practices of our ancestors which were disappearing in our time, and in many ways I myself transmitted exemplary practices to posterity for their imitation." (Acts of the Divine Augustus 2.2; 8.5.
  2. Crow, Charlotte. . History Today. June 2006, 56 (6): 5. ; Samuel Ball Platner.
  • Conlin, Diane Atnally 1997. The Artists of the Ara Pacis: The Process of Hellenization in Roman Relief Sculpture (Studies in the History of Greece and Rome University of North Carolina Press)
  • Peter J. Holliday, "Time, History, and Ritual on the Ara Pacis Augustae" The Art Bulletin 72.4 (December 1990:542-557) doi:10.2307/3045761
  • Rossini, Orietta 2006. Ara Pacis, Milan, Electa/. ISBN 8837043791
  • Official web site of the Ara Pacis Museum of Rome（页面存档备份，存于）
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