球齿龙属
球齒龍(Globidens)又称圆齿龙,意為「球狀牙齒」,是滄龍科的一個屬,模式種為 阿拉巴馬球齒龍 (Globidens alabamaensis)。
球齿龙属 化石时期: | |
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阿拉巴馬球齒龍 | |
科学分类 | |
界: | 动物界 Animalia |
门: | 脊索动物门 Chordata |
纲: | Reptilia |
目: | 有鳞目 Squamata |
总科: | †滄龍總科 Mosasauroidea |
科: | †滄龍科 Mosasauridae |
亚科: | †沧龙亚科 Mosasaurinae |
属: | †球齿龙属 Globidens Gilmore, 1912 |
種 | |
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球齒龍是屬於中型的滄龍類,身長為6公尺,擁有流線型的身體、扁平的尾部與強而有力的下頜。球齒龍的牙齒與其他滄龍類非常不同,大部分的滄龍類都具有尖銳的牙齒用來撕裂獵物,適合獵捕魚類或其他海洋爬行動物如別種中小型滄龍類及蛇頸龍類等。雖然有些滄龍類也偶爾會去捕食帶硬殼的軟體動物,不過球齒龍更特殊,牠們擁有半球狀特化的牙齒,更適合壓碎海龜、菊石類、鸚鵡螺與貝類等防禦力高動物的外殼。就像滄龍一樣,球齒龍擁有密切接合的下頜與堅硬的頭部,這些特徵無疑是非常適合去咬破軟體動物的硬殼。
體型較小的Carinodens,被認為是圓齒龍的姐妹分類單元。
參考資料
- Bardet, N., Pereda Suberbiola, X., Iarochène, M., Amalik M., and Bouya, B. 2005. Durophagous Mosasauridae (Squamata) from the Upper Cretaceous phosphates of Morocco, with description of a new species of Globidens. Netherlands Journal of Geosciences / Geologie en Mijnbouw, 84(3), p. 167-176.
- Everhart, M.J. 2008. Rare occurrence of a Globidens sp. (Reptilia; Mosasauridae) dentary in the Sharon Springs Member of the Pierre Shale (Middle Campanian) of Western Kansas. p. 23-29 in Farley G. H. and Choate, J.R. (eds.), Unlocking the Unknown; Papers Honoring Dr. Richard Zakrzewski, , Fort Hays Studies, Special Issue No. 2, 153 p., Fort Hays State University, Hays, KS.
- Gilmore, Charles W. 1912. A new mosasauroid reptile from the Cretaceous of Alabama, Proceedings U.S. National Museum, 40(1870): 489-484, 3 fig., pl. 39-40 (Description of Globidens alabamaensis type)
- Huene, E. von. 1935. Mosasaurier-Zähne von Timor. Centralblatt fur Mineralogie. Geologic und Palaeontologie; in Verbindung mit dens Neuen Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Geologie und Palaeontologie. Stuttgart. Abt. B 10 412-416, 3 figs. (in German)
- Martin, J. E. 2007. A new species of the durophagous mosasaur, Globidens (Squamata: Mosasauridae) from the Late Cretaceous Pierre Shale Group of central South Dakota, USA. Pages 167-176 in Martin, J. E. and Parris D. C. (eds.), The Geology and Paleontology of the Late Cretaceous Marine Deposits of the Dakotas. Geological Society of America, Special Paper 427. (Globidens schurmanni)
- Russell, Dale A. 1975. A new species of Globidens from South Dakota. Fieldiana Geology, 33(13): 235-256. (Field Museum of Natural History)
- Zdansky, O. 1935. The occurrence of mosasaurs in Egypt and in Africa in general. Bulletin de l’Institut d’Egypte 17: 83-94.
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