鞑靼语字母
韃靼文字沿革史
圖像
拉丁字母
一套基于拉丁字母的系统在2000年以后主要被使用在鞑靼斯坦共和国并且主要出现在因特网上,但是由于俄罗斯的法律规定所有的俄罗斯语言必须用西里尔字母书写,最近已经不那么常见了。
鞑靼语拉丁字母 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | a | Ä | ä | B | b | C | c | Ç | ç | D | d | E | e | F | f | G | g | Ğ | ğ | H | h | I | ı | İ | i | Í | í | J | j |
K | k | L | l | M | m | N | n | Ñ | ñ | O | o | Ö | ö | P | p | Q | q | R | r | S | s | Ş | ş | T | t | U | u | Ü | ü |
V | v | W | w | X | x | Y | y | Z | z |
Zamanälif系统的发音
鞑靼语大部分是谐音词,就是说通常可以从拼写推测单词读音。此规则不适用于新近借入单词,如summit and names.
- A – a as in "ugly"
- Ä – ä as in "man", but less open
- B – be as in "bell"
- C – ce as in "pleasure"
- Ç – çe as in "usher" or "chocolate" but without first [t]
- D – de as in "decade" (the tongue touches only the front teeth but not the palate.)
- E – e as in "six" or "needed"
- F – fe as in "federal"
- G – ge as in "get"
- Ğ – ğı is back version of g, very close to back r in French
- H – he as in "helicopter"
- I – ı as in "number"
- İ – i as in "kiss" or "read"
- Í – í as in "beyond"
- J – je as in "garage" pronounced as in French & English)
- K – ke as in "kettle"
- L – le as in "leg"
- M – me as in "men"
- N – ne as in "never"
- Ñ – ñe as in "English" and "song"
- O – o as in "orchestra" and "obligation"
- Ö – ö as in "urbane" and like German ö
- P – pe as in "pen"
- Q – qu as in "Iraq"
- R – re as in Spanish "carro" (the tongue vibrates doing a few touches of palate during pronunciation of one sound)
- S – se as in "sell"
- Ş – şe as in ""slash"
- T – te as in "telephone" (the tongue touches only the front teeth but not the palate.)
- U – u as in "oops!"
- Ü – ü as in "jew" and like German ü
- V – ve as in "vegetable"
- W – we as in "wall"
- Y – ye as in "yes"
- X – xa close to that in "chemistry", or like Scottish "ch" in "loch"
- Z – ze as in "zebra"
转换表( Zamanälif为基础)
序号 | 拉丁字母 | 拉丁名 | 西里尔名 | Transcription |
1 | A a | A | А | ɑ, ʌ |
Á á | A hämzä belän | А һәмзә белән | ɑ | |
2 | Ä ä | Ä , noqtalı A | Ә, нокталы А | æ, ə |
 â | A dulqın belän | А дулкын белән | æ | |
3 | B b | Bé | Бэ | b |
4 | C c | Cé | Җэ | ʑ |
5 | Ç ç | Çé | Чэ | ɕ, t͡ʃ |
6 | D d | Dé | Дэ | d |
7 | E e | E | Э | e |
É é | E hämzä belän, ozın E | Э һәмзә белән, озын э | ɛ | |
8 | F f | Éf | Эф | f |
9 | G g | Gé | Ге | ɡ |
10 | Ğ ğ | Ğé | Гъэ | ɣ |
11 | H h | Hé | Һэ | h |
12 | İ i | İ | И | i |
13 | Í í | Í | Ый | ɨɪ |
14 | I ı | I | Ы | ɨ |
15 | J j | Jé | Жэ | ʒ, d͡ʒ |
16 | K k | Ké | Ке | k |
17 | L l | El | Эль | l |
18 | M m | Ém | Эм | m |
19 | N n | Én | Эн | n |
20 | Ñ ñ | Éñ | Эң | ŋ |
21 | O o | O | О | o, o: |
ó | O hämzä belän | О һәмзә белән | ø | |
22 | Ö ö | Ö, noqtalı O | Ө, нокталы О | œ |
23 | P p | Pé | Пэ | p |
24 | Q q | Qu | Ку | q |
25 | R r | Ér | Эр | r |
26 | S s | És | Эс | s |
27 | Ş ş | Şa | Ша | ʃ |
28 | T t | Té | Тэ | t |
29 | U u | U | У | u |
ú | U hämzä belän | У һәмзә белән | ʊ | |
30 | Ü ü | Ü, noqtalı U | Ү, нокталы У | Y |
31 | V v | Vé | Вэ | v |
32 | W w | Wé | Вэ (Уэ) | w |
33 | X x | Éx | Эх | x |
34 | Y y | Yé | Йэ | j, ɪ |
35 | Z z | Zet | Зет | z |
' - hämzä | Hämzä | Һәмзә | ʔ |
西里尔系统
鞑靼语西里尔字母 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
А | а | Ә | ә | Б | б | В | в | Г | г | Д | д | Е | е | (Ё | ё) | Ж | ж | Җ | җ | З | з | И | и | Й | й | К | к | Л | л |
М | м | Н | н | Ң | ң | О | о | Ө | ө | П | п | Р | р | С | с | Т | т | У | у | Ү | ү | Ф | ф | Х | х | Һ | һ | Ц | ц |
Ч | ч | Ш | ш | (Щ | щ) | Ь | ь | Ы | ы | Ъ | ъ | Э | э | Ю | ю | Я | я |
官方版包含39个字母:
发音
大写 | 小写 | Correspondence to Zamanälif. | Earlier Translit. | Name (хәреф исеме) | 发音 | 注释 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
А | а | a | a | а /a/ | [a] | |
Ә | ә | ä | ä | ә /æ/ | [æ] | |
Б | б | b | b | бэ /be/ | [b] | |
В | в | w, v | v | вэ /we/ | [w] | |
Г | г | g, ğ | g | гэ /ɡe/ | [ɡ]; [ɣ] | |
Д | д | d | d | дэ /de/ | [d] | |
Е | е | e, ye, yı | e | йе /je/ , йы /jɯ/ | [je]; [jɯ]; [e] | |
Ё | ё | yo | ë | йо /jo/ | [jo] | |
Ж | ж | j | ž | жэ /ʒe/ | [ʒ] | |
Җ | җ | c | ẓ̌ | җэ /ʑe/ | [ʑ] | |
З | з | z | z | зэ /ze/ | [z] | |
И | и | i | i | и /i/ | [i] | |
Й | й | y | j | кыска и /qɯsˈqa ˈi/ | [j] | |
К | к | k, q | k | ка /qa/ | [k]; [q] | |
Л | л | l | l | эль /el/ | [l] | |
М | м | m | m | эм /em/ | [m] | |
Н | н | n | n | эн /en/ | [n] | |
Ң | ң | ñ | ņ | эң /eŋ/ | [ŋ] | |
О | о | o | o | о /o/ | [o] | |
Ө | ө | ö | ö | ө /ø/ | [ø] | |
П | п | p | p | пэ /pe/ | [p] | |
Р | р | r | r | эр /er/ | [r] | |
С | с | s | s | эс /es/ | [s] | |
Т | т | t | t | тэ /te/ | [t] | |
У | у | u, w | u | У /u/ | [u]; [w] | |
Ү | ү | ü, w | ü | Ү /y/ | [y]; [w] | |
Ф | ф | f | f | эф /ef/ | [f] | |
Х | х | x | x | ха /xa/ | [x] | |
Һ | һ | h | h | һэ /he/ | [h] | |
Ц | ц | ts, s | c | цэ /tse/ | [ts] | |
Ч | ч | ç | č | чэ /ɕe/ | [ɕ] | |
Ш | ш | ş | š | ша /ʃa/ | [ʃ] | |
Щ | щ | şç | šč | ща /ʃɕa/ | [ʃɕ] | |
Ъ | ъ | ' | ” | калынлык билгесе /qalɯnˈlɯq bilɡeˈse/ | [ʔ] | калынлык һәм аеру билгесе |
Ы | ы | ı | y | ы /ɯ/ | [ɯ] | |
Ь | ь | ' | ’ | нечкәлек билгесе /neɕkæˈlek bilɡeˈse/ | [ʔ] | нечкәлек һәм аеру билгесе |
Э | э | e, ' | è | э /e/ | [e]; [ʔ] | |
Ю | ю | yu, yü | ju | йу /ju/ | [ju]; [jy] | |
Я | я | ya, yä | ja | йа /ja/ | [ja]; [jæ] |
历史
外部链接
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