处方缩写词列表
处方缩写词列表是医学处方中常用的基于拉丁文术语的词头缩写。其中的大写、句点'.'的使用是可选的版式风格。
维基百科中的醫學内容仅供参考，並不能視作專業意見。如需獲取醫療幫助或意見，请咨询专业人士。詳見醫學聲明。列表中不包含处方中常见的药品的缩写。
列表中红色条目是在美国不建议使用，褐色条目是其他组织不建议使用。
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处方缩写词列表[1] | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 缩写 | 拉丁文 | 中文 | 英文 | 注释 |
| aa | ana | 每，各 | of each | |
| AAA | 用于治疗部位 | apply to affected area | ||
| a.c. | ante cibum | 饭前 | before meals | |
| a.d. | auris dextra | 右耳 | right ear | "a"形似"o"，因此该词可能被误读为"o.d."，即右眼 |
| ad lib. | ad libitum | 随意，任意量 | use as much as one desires; freely | |
| admov. | admove | 用于 | apply | |
| agit | agita | stir/shake | ||
| alt. h. | alternis horis | 每隔1小时；每2小时 | every other hour | 也写作a.h. |
| a.m.m. | ad manu medicae | at doctors hand | ||
| a.m. | ante meridiem | 上午 | morning, before noon | |
| amp | 安瓿 | ampule | ||
| amt | 数量 | amount | ||
| aq | aqua | 水 | water | |
| a.l., a.s. | auris laeva, auris sinistra | 左耳 | left ear | "a"形似"o"，因此该词可能被误读为"o.s."或"o.l."，即左眼 |
| A.T.C. | 昼夜不停，24小时连续 | around the clock | ||
| a.u. | auris utraque | 双耳 | both ears | "a"形似"o"，因此该词可能被误读为"o.u."，即双眼 |
| bis | bis | 两次 | twice | |
| b.d./b.i.d. | bis in die | 每天两次 | twice daily | |
| B.M. | 排便 | bowel movement | ||
| BNF | 英国国家药典 | British National Formulary （页面存档备份，存于） | ||
| bol. | bolus | 大剂量给药（通常是静脉注射） | as a large single dose (usually intravenously) | |
| B.S. | 血糖 | blood sugar | ||
| B.S.A | 体表面积 | body surface areas | ||
| b.t. | 就寝时间，临睡前 | bedtime | 可能与 "b.i.d"（一日两次）混淆 | |
| BUCC | bucca | 颊内 | inside cheek | |
| cap., caps. | capsula | 胶囊 | capsule | |
| c, c. | cum | 与...（常写作c̄） | with (usually written with a bar on top of the "c") | |
| cib. | cibus | 食物 | food | |
| cc | cum cibo | 与食物（也用作表示毫升） | with food, (but also cubic centimetre) | 手写体形似"U"（小写），即单位。cc亦有立方厘米/毫升的意思；在这种情况下应使用"mL"或"milliliters" |
| cf | 与食物 | with food | ||
| comp. | 复方 | compound | ||
| cr., crm | 乳膏；霜剂 | cream | ||
| CST | 继续同样治疗 | Continue same treatment | ||
| D 或 d | 天，或者 剂 | days or doses | 存在歧义。
建议处方中写明"days"（天） 或者 "doses"（剂） | |
| D5W | 5%葡萄糖溶液 | dextrose 5% solution (sometimes written as D5W) | ||
| D5NS | 含5%葡萄糖的生理盐水 | dextrose 5% in normal saline (0.9%) | ||
| D.A.W. | 按所写（医嘱）配药 | dispense as written (i.e., no generic substitution) | ||
| dc, D/C, disc | 中断 或 排出 | discontinue or discharge | 有歧义 | |
| dieb. alt. | diebus alternis | 每隔一天；每2天 | every other day | |
| dil. | 稀释的 | dilute | ||
| disp. | 配药 | dispersible or dispense | ||
| div. | 分次...（服用） | divide | ||
| dL | 分升 | deciliter | ||
| d.t.d. | dentur tales doses | 给予同剂量 | give of such doses | |
| DTO | 去味鴉片酊劑 | deodorized tincture of opium | 很容易与“稀释的鸦片酊剂”混淆，后者的强度是去味鸦片酊剂的1/25；可能导致药物过量 | |
| D.W. | 蒸馏水 | distilled water | ||
| elix. | 酏剂 | elixir | ||
| e.m.p. | ex modo prescripto | 按照指示，按处方处理 | as directed | |
| emuls. | emulsum | 乳剂 | emulsion | |
| et | et | 并且 | and | |
| eod | 每隔一天 | every other day | ||
| ex aq | ex aqua | 水中 | in water | |
| fl., fld. | 液 | fluid | ||
| ft. | fiat | 任其发生，顺其自然 | make; let it be made | |
| g | 克 | gram | ||
| gr | 格令 | grain | ||
| gtt(s) | gutta(e) | 滴 | drop(s) | |
| H | 皮，皮下注射 | hypodermic | ||
| h, hr | hora | 小时 | hour | |
| h.s. | hora somni | 就寝时 | at bedtime | |
| h.s | 睡眠时 或 半强度 | hour sleep or half-strength | 存在歧义 | |
| ID | 皮肤的 | intradermal | ||
| IJ, inj | injectio | 注射 | injection | 易讹作"IV"（静脉注射） |
| IM | 肌肉注射 | intramuscular (with respect to injections) | ||
| IN | 鼻内 | intranasal | 易讹作"IM"（肌肉注射）或"IV"（静脉注射） | |
| IP | 腹膜内的 | intraperitoneal | ||
| IU | 国际单位制 | en:international unit | 易讹作"IV"（静脉注射），建议拼写出"international unit" | |
| IV | 静脉治疗 | intravenous | ||
| IVP | 静脉推注 | intravenous push | ||
| IVPB | intravenous piggyback | |||
| kg | 千克 | kilogram | ||
| L.A.S. | label as such | |||
| LCD | 煤焦油 | coal tar solution | ||
| lin | linimentum | 搽剂 | liniment | |
| liq | liquor | 溶液，液体 | solution | |
| lot. | 洗剂 | lotion | ||
| MAE | 活动四肢 | Moves All Extremities | ||
| mane | mane | 晨时 | in the morning | |
| M. | misce | 混合 | mix | |
| m, min | minimum | 最小值 | a minimum | |
| mcg | 微克 | en:microgram | 建议替换为"μg"，因为该缩写可能与“mg”（毫克）混淆 | |
| m.d.u. | more dicto utendus | 按照指示使用 | to be used as directed | |
| mEq | 毫当量 | milliequivalent | ||
| mg | 毫克 | milligram | ||
| mg/dL | 毫克/分升 | milligrams per deciliter | ||
| MgSO4 | 硫酸镁 | en:magnesium sulfate | may be confused with "MSO4", spell out "magnesium sulfate" | |
| mist. | mistura | 混合 | mix | |
| mitte | mitte | 发送 | send | |
| mL | 毫升 | millilitre | ||
| MS | 硫酸吗啡 或 硫酸镁 | en:morphine sulfate or en:magnesium sulfate | can mean either morphine sulfate or magnesium sulfate, spell out either | |
| MSO4 | 硫酸吗啡 | en:morphine sulfate | may be confused with "硫酸镁", spell out "morphine sulfate" | |
| nebul | nebula | 喷雾 | a spray | |
| N.M.T. | 不超过 | not more than | ||
| noct. | nocte | 夜里 | at night | |
| non rep. | non repetatur | 不重复 | no repeats | |
| NPO | nil per os | 禁食，禁饮水 | nothing by mouth | |
| NS | 生理盐水 | normal saline (0.9%) | ||
| 1/2NS | 半浓度生理盐水 | half normal saline (0.45%) | ||
| N.T.E. | 不超过 | not to exceed | ||
| o_2 | 双眼 | both eyes, sometimes written as o2 | ||
| od | omne in die | 每天 | every day/once daily (preferred to qd in the UK[2]) | |
| od | oculus dexter | 右眼 | right eye | "o"形似"a"，因此該詞可能被誤讀為"a.d."，即右耳，confusion with omne in die |
| om | omne mane | 每天上午（晨时） | every morning | |
| on | omne nocte | 每夜 | every night | |
| o.p.d. | 每天一次 | once per day | ||
| o.s. | oculus sinister | 左眼 | left eye | "o"形似"a"，因此該詞可能被誤讀為"a.s."，即左耳 |
| o.u. | oculus uterque | 雙眼 | both eyes | "o"形似"a"，因此該詞可能被誤讀為"a.u."，即雙耳 |
| oz | 盎司 | en:ounce | ||
| per | per | 经；通过 | by or through | |
| p.c. | post cibum | 饭后 | after meals | |
| pig./pigm. | pigmentum | 涂剂 | paint | |
| p.m. | post meridiem | 下午与晚上 | evening or afternoon | |
| p.o. | per os | 经口，口服 | by mouth or orally | |
| p.r. | per rectum | 经直肠 | by rectum | |
| PRN, prn | pro re nata | 按需 | as needed | |
| pulv. | pulvis | 散剂 | powder | |
| PV | per vaginam | 经阴道 | via the vagina | |
| q | quaque | 每，各 | every, per | |
| q.a.d. | quaque alternis die | 每隔一天 | every other day | |
| q.a.m. | quaque die ante meridiem | 每天午前 | every day before noon | |
| q.d.s. | quater die sumendus | 每天四次 | four times a day | can be mistaken for "qd" (every day) |
| q.p.m. | quaque die post meridiem | 每天下午或每晚 | every day after noon or every evening | |
| q.h. | quaque hora | 每小时 | every hour | |
| q.h.s. | quaque hora somni | 每夜就寝时 | every night at bedtime | |
| q.1 h, q.1° | quaque 1 hora | 每小时（可用其它数字替换"1"） | every 1 hour; (can replace "1" with other numbers) | |
| q.d., q1d | quaque die | 每天 | every day | mistaken for "QOD" or "qds," spell out "every day" or "daily" |
| q.i.d. | quater in die | 每天四次 | four times a day | can be mistaken for "qd" or "qod," write out "four times a day" |
| q4PM | 下午4时 | at 4pm | mistaken to mean every four hours | |
| q.o.d. | quaque ommi die | 每隔一天；每两天 | every other day | mistaken for "QD," spell out "every other day" |
| qqh | quater quaque hora | 每四小时 | every four hours | |
| q.s. | quantum sufficiat | 足够量 | a sufficient quantity | |
| QWK | 每周 | every week | ||
| R | 直肠 | rectal | ||
| rep., rept. | repetatur | 重复 | repeats | |
| RL, R/L | 乳酸林格氏液 | en:Ringer's lactate | ||
| s | sine | 没有... | without (usually written with a bar on top of the "s") | |
| s.a. | secundum artem | 按常规 | according to the art (accepted practice); use your judgement | |
| SC, subc, subcut, subq, SQ | 皮下 | subcutaneous | "SC" can be mistaken for "SL," meaning sublingual; "SQ" can be mistaken for "5Q" meaning five every dose | |
| s.i.d/SID | semel in die | 每天一次 | once a day | used exclusively in veterinary medicine |
| sig | signa | write on label | ||
| SL | 舌下 | sublingually, under the tongue | ||
| sol | solutio | 溶液 | solution | |
| s.o.s., si op. sit | si opus sit | 需要时 | if there is a need | |
| ss | semis | one half or sliding scale | mistaken for "55" or "1/2" | |
| SSI, SSRI | sliding scale insulin or sliding scale regular en:insulin | mistaken to mean "strong en:solution of en:iodine" or "en:selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor" | ||
| SNRI (antidepressant) | 5-羟色胺/去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂（抗抑郁） | Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor | ||
| SSRI (antidepressant) | 抗抑郁的选择性5-羟色胺再吸收抑制剂 | selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (a specific class of antidepressant) | ||
| stat | statim | 立即 | immediately | |
| SubQ | 皮下 | subcutaneously | ||
| supp | suppositorium | 栓剂 | en:suppository | |
| susp | 混悬剂 | suspension | ||
| syr | syrupus | 糖浆剂 | syrup | |
| tab | tabella | 片剂 | tablet | |
| tal., t | talus | such | ||
| tbsp | 汤匙 | en:tablespoon | ||
| troche | trochiscus | 锭剂 | lozenge | |
| t.d.s. | ter die sumendum | 每天三次 | three times a day | |
| t.i.d. | ter in die | 每天三次 | three times a day | |
| t.i.w. | 每周三次 | three times a week | mistaken for twice a week | |
| top. | 局部的 | topical | ||
| T.P.N. | 全肠外营养 | en:total parenteral nutrition | ||
| tr, tinc., tinct. | 酊剂 | tincture | ||
| tsp | 1茶匙（约5毫升） | en:teaspoon | ||
| U | 度量单位 | unit | mistaken for a "4", "0" or "cc", spell out "unit" | |
| u.d., ut. dict. | ut dictum | 作为指示 | as directed | |
| ung. | unguentum | 软膏 | ointment | |
| U.S.P. | 美国药典 | en:United States Pharmacopoeia | ||
| vag | 阴道的 | vaginally | ||
| w | 与 | with | ||
| w/a | 醒时 | while awake | ||
| wf | 与食物 | with food (with meals) | ||
| w/o | 没有... | without | ||
| X | 次数 | times | ||
| Y.O. | 年龄 | years old | ||
| μg | 微克 | en:microgram | mistaken for "mg", meaning en:milligram | |
|
处方中使用的符号列表 | ||||
| 符号 | 拉丁文 | 中文 | 英文 | 注释 |
| @ | 在 | at | mistaken for "2"; spell out "at" | |
| > | 大于 | greater than | mistaken for a "7" | |
| < | 小于 | less than | mistaken for an "L" | |
| ℞ | recipe | 处方 | take, take this, or take thus | |
数值
使用罗马数字的医疗处方，其中的数值1、2、3要分别写作Ṫ、ṪṪ、ṪṪṪ，即大写字母T上面附加“点”。
参考文献
- Johnston, Mike. . Pearson Prentice Hall. 2006: 24. ISBN 9780131147515. （原始内容存档于2016-03-05）.
- BNF (British National Formulary （页面存档备份，存于）) - published twice yearly by the British Medical Association and Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain
外部链接
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