對立反抗症
（oppositional defiant disorder，ODD，）[7]，又稱違拗症。在精神疾病診斷與統計手冊第五版（DSM-5）中列在「破壞性，衝動控制和行為障礙」（Disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorders）以下，其定義是兒童及青少年的「包括情緒憤怒或是煩躁，爭論或是挑釁行為、以及報復性的行為模式」[8]。對立反抗症和品行障碍的情形不同，有對立反抗症的人一般對人或是動物沒有攻擊性、不會破壞物品、也不會有盜竊或欺騙的行為模式[9]。
| 對立反抗症 Oppositional defiant disorder | |
|---|---|
| 常見始發於 | 兒童或青少年 |
| 治療 | 认知行为疗法、家庭治療、諮商介入 |
| 分类和外部资源 | |
| 醫學專科 | 精神医学、臨床心理學 |
| ICD-11 | 6C90 |
| ICD-10 | F91.3 |
| ICD-9-CM | 313.81 |
| MedlinePlus | 001537 |
參考資料
- World Health Organization(WHO,世界卫生组织). 06 Mental, behavioural or neurodevelopmental disorders(06 精神、行为或神经发育障碍)//ICD-11 for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics[OL],2024-01. https://icd.who.int/browse/2024-01/mms/en?secondLanguageCode=zh#1487528823.
- World Health Organization(WHO,世界卫生组织). 06 Mental, behavioural or neurodevelopmental disorders(06 精神、行为或神经发育障碍)//ICD-11 for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics[OL],2024-01. https://icd.who.int/browse/2024-01/mms/en?secondLanguageCode=zh#1487528823.
- World Health Organization(WHO,世界卫生组织). 06 Mental, behavioural or neurodevelopmental disorders(06 精神、行为或神经发育障碍)//ICD-11 for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics[OL],2024-01. https://icd.who.int/browse/2024-01/mms/en?secondLanguageCode=zh#1487528823.
- World Health Organization(WHO,世界卫生组织). 06 Mental, behavioural or neurodevelopmental disorders(06 精神、行为或神经发育障碍)//ICD-11 for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics[OL],2024-01. https://icd.who.int/browse/2024-01/mms/en?secondLanguageCode=zh#1487528823.
- World Health Organization(WHO,世界卫生组织). 06 Mental, behavioural or neurodevelopmental disorders(06 精神、行为或神经发育障碍)//ICD-11 for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics[OL],2024-01. https://icd.who.int/browse/2024-01/mms/en?secondLanguageCode=zh#1487528823.
- World Health Organization(WHO,世界卫生组织). 06 Mental, behavioural or neurodevelopmental disorders(06 精神、行为或神经发育障碍)//ICD-11 for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics[OL],2024-01. https://icd.who.int/browse/2024-01/mms/en?secondLanguageCode=zh#1487528823.
- (PDF). www.AACAP.org. 2009. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-01-22）.
- Fifth. Diagnostic Criteria 313.81 (F91.3): American Psychiatric Association. 1980.
- Nolen-Hoeksema, Susan. . New York, NY: McGraw Hill. 2014: 323. ISBN 978-0-07-803538-8.
延伸閱讀
- Latimer K, Wilson P, Kemp J, et al. . Child Care Health Dev. September 2012, 38 (5): 611–28. PMID 22372737. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2214.2012.01366.x.
- Matthys W, Vanderschuren LJ, Schutter DJ, Lochman JE. . Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev. September 2012, 15 (3): 234–46. PMID 22790712. doi:10.1007/s10567-012-0118-7.
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