岩浆分异作用
名詞定義
相關名詞定義如下:[2]
- 原始熔體(英語:):沒有經過任何分异作用,代表了岩漿的起始成分。
- 母體熔體(英語:):是指一個熔體能通過岩浆分异作用,而產出一系列相關的岩石,這熔體被稱爲這些岩石的母體熔體。母體熔體不等於原始熔體,因爲後者產出的岩石,在前者未見。
- 堆積岩(英語:):在岩漿分異過程中,先形成的晶體在岩漿中被堆積,冷卻後成為堆積岩。
岩浆分异機制
- 分离结晶:是從熔體中分離已结晶的礦物,這會改變熔體的成分[3]
- 同化作用:是指熱岩漿侵入地殼后,能熔化圍岩並與其混合因而產生不同化學成分的熔體[5]。
- 岩漿補充:當然岩漿開始在岩漿房進行分异作用時,若注入新岩漿,不但改變熔體的成分,而且會改變原已完成的分离结晶礦物[6]。
- 岩漿混合:兩個岩漿在侵入地殼時,混合后會形成一種成分介於兩者之間的新岩漿成分[7]。
- 部分熔體萃取:當先結晶的礦物沉澱在岩漿房内。而部分的熔體被移除時,這就改變岩漿房内的化學成分[2]。
參考文獻
- MARJORIE WILSON (1003) Magmatic differentiation Journal of the Geological Society, 150, 611-624, 1 July 1993, https://doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.150.4.0611
- Georg F. Zellmer and Catherine Annen (2008)An introduction to magma dynamics, Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 304, 1-13, 1 January 2008, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP304.1
- Claude Jaupart,Stephen Tait (1995) Dynamics of differentiation in magma reservoirs,Jour. of geophysical research. Volume100, Issue B9https://doi.org/10.1029/95JB01239
- Antonio Castro,Carmen Rodríguez,Juan Díaz-Alvarado,Carlos Fernández,Olga García-Moreno (2012)Magma Differentiation and Contamination in Crustal Magmatic System Evolution: Anatomy, Architecture, and Physico‐Chemical Processes Online ISBN 9781119564485 Print ISBN 9781119564454 https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119564485.ch5
- Meade, F. C.; Troll, V. R.; Ellam, R. M.; Freda, C.; Font, L.; Donaldson, C. H.; Klonowska, I. (2014). "Bimodal magmatism produced by progressively inhibited crustal assimilation". Nature Communications. 5 (1): 4199. doi:10.1038/ncomms5199. ISSN 2041-1723. PMID 24947142.
- J. Leuthold, J. C. Lissenberg, B. O'Driscoll, O. Karakas; T. Falloon, D.N. Klimentyeva, P. Ulmer (2018); Partial melting of the lower oceanic crust at spreading ridges. Frontiers in Earth Sciences: Petrology: 6(15): 20p; doi:10.3389/feart.2018.00015
- Troll, Valentin R.; Donaldson, Colin H.; Emeleus, C. Henry. (2004). "Pre-eruptive magma mixing in ash-flow deposits of the Tertiary Rum Igneous Centre, Scotland". Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology. 147 (6): 722–739. doi:10.1007/s00410-004-0584-0. ISSN 1432-0967. S2CID 128532728.
- SOMDEV BHATTACHARJI AND CHARLES H. SMITH (1964)Flowage Differentiation, SCIENCE•10 Jul 1964•Vol 145, Issue 3628•pp. 150-153•DOI: 10.1126/science.145.3628.150
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.