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以英语为例，“gulf”一词（其他语言中的同义同源词有法语的golfe、德语的Golf、西班牙语、葡萄牙语、意大利语的golfo等）传统上指被海岸线包围的大型、蜿蜒、可通航的咸水体[1]。

突尼斯湾（Gulf of Tunis）
墨西哥湾（Gulf of Mexico）

一般来说，“gulf”比“bay”（其他语言中的同义同源词有法语的baie、西班牙语的bahía、葡萄牙语的baía、意大利语的baia等）要大[2]。“gulf”与“bay”有时也混用，例如孟加拉灣在英语中为“Bay of Bengal”，但在西班牙语和葡萄牙语中则为“Golfo de Bengala”。在汉语中，“gulf”与“bay”一般均译作“湾”而不作区分。

许多gulf是主要航运区，如波斯湾（Persian Gulf）、墨西哥湾（Gulf of Mexico）、芬蘭灣（Gulf of Finland）、亚丁湾（Gulf of Aden）等[3]。

参考文献
  1. Gregory, George. 2 First American. Philadelphia: Isaac Peirce. 1816: 269 [25 June 2020]. A sea is a smaller collection of waters; as the Black Sea. A gulf is a part of the sea which is nearly surrounded with land; as the gulf of Venice. A bay has a wider entrance than a gulf; as the Bay of Biscay. A strait is a narrow passage that joins.
  2. . www.britannica.com. [2023-10-06]. （原始内容存档于2023-10-19） （英语）.
  3. Duggal, Gita. Chowdhury, Baruna Ray , 编. . New Delhi: Vikas Publishing House. : 32 [25 June 2020]. ISBN 9789325994645. A gulf is an inlet of an ocean or a sea deep into the land with a narrow mouth. It is more highly indented, more enclosed by the coast and larger than a bay. Some examples of gulfs are Persian Gulf, Gulf of Mexico, Gulf of Eden and Gulf of...

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