床蟲

床蟲（），又稱臭蟲、床蝨，是臭蟲屬（學名：Cimex）物種的通稱，是寄生性的昆蟲，臭蟲在日本和中國有快速增加和大爆發的情形[1]，以吸取動物的血液為其唯一的覓食方式。溫帶臭蟲是本屬中最為人所知的物種，吸食人類的血液為生，其他物種則會吸食其他動物的血液，各物種常以某一類動物為主要宿主，例如Cimex adjunctus主要寄生於蝙蝠。臭蟲常出現於溫暖的住家中，特別是床上與其他用以睡眠的區域，其族群建立後就很難清除[2]。它們多在夜間活躍，但不完全是夜行性，其吸血時通常不會被人發覺[3][4]。臭蟲的叮咬常會造成起疹、過敏、失眠與精神困擾為主[5]，但不會傳播嚴重的傳染病。人類對於臭蟲的認識已有千年之久[2]，1940年代早期，臭蟲幾乎在已開發國家中被撲滅，但1995年起開始出現[6]，可能是因對殺蟲劑產生抗藥性、部分殺蟲劑被各國禁用、以及跨國旅行日益普遍所致[7][8]。

床蝨
溫帶臭蟲
科学分类 编辑
界： 动物界 Animalia
门： 节肢动物门 Arthropoda
纲： 昆虫纲 Insecta
目： 半翅目 Hemiptera
科： 臭虫科 Cimicidae
属： 臭虫属 Cimex
物种
  • Cimex adjunctus
  • Cimex antennatus
  • Cimex brevis
  • Cimex columbarius
  • Cimex incrassatus
  • Cimex latipennis
  • 溫帶床蝨 Cimex lectularius
  • 热帶床蝨Cimex hemipterus (C. rotundatus)
  • Cimex pilosellus
  • Cimex pipistrella
维基百科中的醫學内容仅供参考，並不能視作專業意見。如需獲取醫療幫助或意見，请咨询专业人士。詳見醫學聲明。

下属物种

本属包括以下物种：

  • Cimex 2-maculatus Linnæus, 1758
  • Cimex 2-punctatus Linnæus, 1758
  • Cimex 4-pustulatus Fabricius, 1775
  • Cimex 4-spinosus Linnaeus, 1758
  • Cimex 6-punctatus Linnaeus, 1758
  • Cimex acantharis Linnaeus, 1758
  • Cimex adjunctus Barber, 1939
  • Cimex aeneus Scopoli, 1763
  • Cimex aequinoctialis Scopoli, 1763
  • Cimex angkorae Klein, 1969
  • Cimex antennatus Usinger & Ueshima, 1965
  • Cimex antillarum Kirkaldy, 1909
  • Cimex arabs Linnaeus, 1758
  • Cimex brevis Usinger & Ueshima, 1965
  • Cimex burmanus Usinger, 1966
  • Cimex carinatus Forster, 1771
  • Cimex cavernicola Usinger, 1966
  • Cimex claviger Herbst, 1784
  • Cimex columbarius Jenyns, 1839
  • Cimex dentatus Fabricius, 1775
  • Cimex deplanus Herrich-Schäffer, 1840
  • Cimex dissimilis (Horváth, 1910)
  • Cimex divisus Herrich-Schäffer, 1840
  • Cimex emarginatus Simov, Ivanova & Schunger, 2006
  • Cimex erythrozonias Gmelin
  • Cimex filiformis Fabricius, 1775
  • Cimex flavicinctus Herrich-Schäffer, 1839
  • Cimex flavifusca Wendt, 1939
  • Cimex fullo Thunberg, 1783
  • Cimex fylvestris Linnaeus, 1758
  • Cimex gastricus Thunberg, 1822
  • Cimex hamatus Fabricius, 1787
  • 热帶床蝨 Cimex hemipterus (Fabricius, 1803)
  • Cimex himalayanus Bhat, 1974
  • Cimex hirundinis Lamarck, 1816
  • Cimex histrio Linnaeus, 1758
  • Cimex humeralis Thunberg, 1783
  • Cimex humeratus Houttuyn
  • Cimex incarnatus Drury, 1773
  • Cimex incrassatus Usinger & Ueshima, 1965
  • Cimex insuetus Ueshima, 1968
  • Cimex japonicus Usinger, 1966
  • Cimex latipennis Usinger & Ueshima, 1965
  • 溫帶床蝨 Cimex lectularius Linnaeus, 1758
  • Cimex lineola Linnaeus, 1758
  • Cimex lunifrontis Cooper, 1870
  • Cimex montandoni (Péricart, 1972)
  • Cimex nobilis Linnaeus, 1763
  • Cimex nubilis Fabricius, 1775
  • Cimex papillosus Drury, 1773
  • Cimex peregrinator Linnaeus, 1758
  • Cimex pilosellus (Horváth, 1910)
  • Cimex pipistrelli Jenyns, 1839
  • Cimex pulveratus Hornok, 2018
  • Cimex purpureipenni De Geer, 1773
  • Cimex quadripunctatus Villers, 1789
  • Cimex rostratus de Geer, 1773
  • Cimex serratus Linnæus, 1758
  • Cimex serratus Ueshima, 1968
  • Cimex stadleri Horváth, 1935
  • Cimex stockerus Linnaeus, 1758
  • Cimex tristis Fabricius, 1775
  • Cimex uniguttatus Donovan
  • Cimex usingeri Bhat, Sreenivasan & Ilkal, 1973[9]
  • Cimex v-luteum Lichtenstein, 1796
  • Cimex vagans Fabricius, 1787
  • Cimex variolosus Linnaeus, 1758
  • Cimex vicarius (Horváth, 1912)

參見

文獻
  1. 徐筱晴. . NOWnews今日新聞. 2024-03-12 （中文（臺灣））.
  2. Jerome Goddard; Richard deShazo. . Journal of the American Medical Association. 2009, 301 (13): 1358–1366 [2018-09-14]. PMID 19336711. doi:10.1001/jama.2009.405. （原始内容存档于2010-09-18）. Pest control and eradication is challenging due to insecticide resistance, lack of effective products, and health concerns about spraying mattresses with pesticides.
  3. Goddard, J; deShazo, R. . JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association. 1 April 2009, 301 (13): 1358–66. PMID 19336711. doi:10.1001/jama.2009.405.
  4. Reinhardt, Klaus; Siva-Jothy, Michael T. (PDF). Annual Review of Entomology. Jan 2007, 52: 351–374 [26 May 2010]. PMID 16968204. doi:10.1146/annurev.ento.52.040306.133913. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于5 July 2010）.
  5. Doggett SL, Russell R. . Aust Fam Physician. November 2009, 38 (11): 880–4. PMID 19893834.
  6. Kolb, Adam; Needham, Glen R.; Neyman, Kimberly M.; High, Whitney A. . Dermatologic Therapy. 2009, 22 (4): 347–52 [2018-09-14]. PMID 19580578. doi:10.1111/j.1529-8019.2009.01246.x. （原始内容存档于2017-10-05）.
  7. Kilpenen, O.; Vagn Jensen, K-M.; Kristensen, M. (PDF): 395–399. [27 May 2010]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于11 November 2011）.
  8. Robinson, WH; Bajomi, D. (eds). . Hungary: OOK-Press Kft. 2008.
  9. H.R. Bhat , M.A. Sreenivasan & M.A. Ilkal (1973) Cimex usingeri, sp. nov. (hemiptera: cimicidae) from a colony of rhinolophus rouxi temminck, 1835 (chiroptera: rhinolophidae) in India, Oriental Insects, 7:1, 79-82, DOI: 10.1080/00305316.1973.10434206
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.