斑紋隱小鱂

斑紋隱小鱂,又稱北美紅樹林鱂魚(mangrove killifish),為輻鰭魚綱鯉齒目鰕鱂亞目鰕鱂科的其中一,為熱帶淡水魚,分布於加勒比海沿岸,自美國東南部的佛羅里達至巴西等地。棲息在泥底質的河口區、沼澤濕地、溝渠、水塘淡水及半鹹水水域。此魚能忍受低溶氧環境,體長可達7.5公分,可做為觀賞魚。[1]

斑紋隱小鱂
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: Actinopteri
目: 鳉形目 Cyprinodontiformes
科: 鰕鱂科 Aplocheilidae
属: 隐小鱂属 Kryptolebias
种:
斑紋隱小鱂 K. marmoratus
二名法
Kryptolebias marmoratus
Poey, 1880
異名
  • Rivulus marmoratus, Poey, 1880
  • Rivulus heyei, Nichols, 1914
  • Rivulus marmoratus bonairensis, Hoedeman, 1958
  • Rivulus bonairensis, Hoedeman, 1958
  • Rivulus garciai, de la Cruz & Dubitsky, 1976

斑紋隱小鱂性成熟時的體長約為1.7公分。此魚性別含雌雄同體與公魚兩種。其中,雌雄同體的個體可自體受精產生下一代。公魚則又可再分為初級公魚與次級公魚。初級公魚指性成熟時即為公魚,目前研究顯示若孵化期間溫度低於攝氏20度,即可能產生初級公魚。而次級公魚則指個體原先為雌雄同體,在雌性器官退化後即變為公魚。[2]

此魚在野外多躲藏於濕枝葉下方或陸生蟹的巢洞中[3];而離開水體的個體,其鰓蓋會停止運動,藉由擴張表皮與魚鰭上的毛細血管網來呼吸。[4]

在實驗室觀察中顯示,兩隻斑紋隱小鱂相遇時會表現明顯的攻擊性及打鬥行為,且其攻擊性及打鬥行為已被證實會受前次打鬥獲勝/落敗經驗所影響(勝者效應/敗者效應)。[5]

參考資料

  1. Taylor, D. S. (2012). "Twenty-Four Years in the Mud: What Have We Learned About the Natural History and Ecology of the Mangrove Rivulus, Kryptolebias marmoratus?" Integrative and Comparative Biology.
  2. Taylor, D. S. 2001. "Physical variability and fluctuating asymmetry in heterozygous and homozygous populations of Rivulus marmoratus." Canadian journal of zoology
  3. Taylor, D. S. 1992. "Diet of the killifish Rivulus marmoratzu collected from land crab burrows, with further ecological notes." Environmental Biology of Fishes
  4. Grizzle, J. M., & Thiyagarajah, A. 1987. "Skin histology of Rivulus ocellatus marmoratus: apparent adaptation for aerial respiration." Copeia,
  5. Hsu, Y. & Wolf, L. L. 1999. "The winner and loser effect: integrating multiple experiences." Animal Behaviour.

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